Repair and Diagnosis

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
  • DTC Index
    • DTC Index (Engine)
    • DTC Index (Transmission)
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    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
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    • Technical Service Bulletins
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    • Connector End Views (E52)
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • EWS Locking And Anti-Theft System - Overview
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Remote Keyless Entry - Service Information
  • Collision/Avoidance
    • Distance Systems, Cruise Control Systems - Special Tools
  • Communication Devices
    • Bus System Troubleshooting - Overview
    • Cellular Communication Systems - Overview
    • Introduction To Bus Systems - Overview
    • Most Bus Diagnostics - Overview
  • Distance Systems, Cruise Control Systems - Special Tools
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
    • BMW Universal BLUETOOTH - Overview
  • Exterior Lights
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
    • Lights - Technical Data
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Communication Systems - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Instruments - Repair Instructions
    • Interior Features - ZZ4
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
  • Headlights
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
    • Lights - Technical Data
  • Horns
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Infotainment
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
    • BMW Universal BLUETOOTH - Overview
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Body Equipment
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
    • Lights - Technical Data
  • Memory Modules
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Mirrors
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
  • Seats
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Seats
    • Seats - Repair Instructions
    • Seats - Special Tools
    • Seats - Tightening Torques
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • EWS Locking And Anti-Theft System - Overview
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Remote Keyless Entry - Service Information
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Shell - Z8
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Body Equipment
  • Mirrors
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
  • Seats
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Seats
    • Seats - Repair Instructions
    • Seats - Special Tools
    • Seats - Tightening Torques
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Convertible Top - Z8
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Sunroof And Convertible Top
    • Power Convertible Top - Z8
    • Slide/Tilt Roof And Convertible Top - Tightening Torques
  • Towing Systems
    • Trailers - Repair Instructions
  • Windows
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes/Traction Control System - Z8
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Disc - Z8
    • Operating Fluids - Brakes
    • Operating Fluids - Pedals
    • Pedals - Repair
    • Pedals - Tightening Torques
  • Anti-Lock Brakes/Traction Control System - Z8 (2)
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Axle Shafts - Z8 Roadster
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
    • Suspension - Rear
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Operating Fluids - Drive Shaft
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Breakout Boxes & Connectors - Overview
    • Central Body Electronics Overview - Z8
    • CIP Programming - Overview
    • Connector End Views (E52)
    • DVOM - Overview
    • Electric Signals - Overview
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Electrical System
  • Charging Systems
    • Battery - Overview
    • Charging Systems - Overview
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Generators & Regulators
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Fuse Assignment Symbol Definitions
  • Gauges
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
    • Communication Systems - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Instruments - Repair Instructions
    • Interior Features - ZZ4
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
  • Horns
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Breakout Boxes & Connectors - Overview
    • Central Body Electronics Overview - Z8
    • CIP Programming - Overview
    • Connector End Views (E52)
    • DVOM - Overview
    • Electric Signals - Overview
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Electrical System
  • Starter
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Starter
    • Starting Systems - Overview
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • Connector End Views (E52)
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
  • Cooling Fans
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System - Repair Instructions
    • Cooling System - Special Tools
    • Cooling System - Technical Data
    • Cooling System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Radiator
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
  • Exhaust
    • Exhaust System - Repair Instructions
    • Exhaust System - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Exhaust System
  • Fuel System
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
    • Fuel Supply System - Repair Instructions
    • Fuel Supply System - Service Information
    • Fuel Supply System - Special Tools
    • Fuel Supply System - Technical Data
    • Fuel Supply System - Tightening Torques
    • Fuel System - Operating Fluids
    • Fuel System - Repair Instructions
    • Fuel System - Special Tools
    • Fuel System - Technical Data
    • Fuel System - Tightening Torques
  • Mechanical
    • Basic Measuring Techniques - Overview
    • Engine - Repair Instructions
    • Engine - Technical Data
    • Engine - Tightening Torques
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
    • Engine- Special Tools
    • M Engine Overview - Z8
    • Operating Fluids - Engine
    • Running Gear Overview - Z8 (E52)
  • Starter
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
    • Starter
    • Starting Systems - Overview
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Controls - On-Vehicle Adjustments
  • Application
    • Introduction
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
  • Engine Control Systems
    • Ms S52 - Overview - M5 & Z8
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
    • Fuel Supply System - Repair Instructions
    • Fuel Supply System - Service Information
    • Fuel Supply System - Special Tools
    • Fuel Supply System - Technical Data
    • Fuel Supply System - Tightening Torques
    • Fuel System - Operating Fluids
    • Fuel System - Repair Instructions
    • Fuel System - Special Tools
    • Fuel System - Technical Data
    • Fuel System - Tightening Torques
  • Ignition System
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Mode 6
  • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
  • System
    • Coding And Programming - Overview
    • Diagnostic Equipment - Overview - All
    • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
    • Emissions - Overview
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
    • MODIC III - Overview - All Models
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Coding And Programming - Overview
    • Diagnostic Equipment - Overview - All
    • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
    • Emissions - Overview
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
    • MODIC III - Overview - All Models
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
  • Theory and Operation
    • Emissions - Overview
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
  • Tune-Up
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
    • Map - Brake Systems
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
  • Computer Relearn Procedures - Import
  • Drive Cycles
    • Emissions - Overview
    • OBD-II Drive Cycles
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
  • DTC Index
    • DTC Index (Engine)
    • DTC Index (Transmission)
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
  • Identification
    • BMW Model & Engine Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
    • Metric Conversions
  • OEM General Information
    • BMW Features - Overview - All Models
    • Coding And Programming - Overview - All Models
    • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
    • Introduction & History - Z8
    • Maintenance And General Information - Repair Instructions
    • Maintenance And General Information - Special Tools
    • Maintenance And General Information - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Maintenance & General Information
    • Service & Maintenance - Overview - All Models
    • Service Maintenance Procedures - Overview - All Models
    • Technical Systems
  • Reset Procedures
    • ATEQ TPMS Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • Tire Pressure Monitor Systems
  • Restraints
    • Air Bag Deactivation Procedures
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • General Servicing
    • Cabin Air Filter
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Automatic A/C Heater Systems
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Repair
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Special Tools
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Technical Data
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Tightening Torques
    • Operating Fluids - Air Conditioning And Heating
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • 2000-03 Restraints
    • Air Bag - Trouble Codes
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
    • Airbag Triggering Control - Tightening Torques
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Rack & Pinion
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
  • Power Steering
    • Power Rack & Pinion
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
  • Steering Column
• Suspension
  • Electronic Suspension
    • Integrated Suspension Systems - Operating Fluids
  • Front Suspension
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
    • Suspension - Front
    • Suspension Systems - Overview
  • Rear Suspension
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
    • Suspension - Rear
    • Suspension Systems - Overview
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Specifications & Procedures
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Operating Fluids - Wheels And Tires
    • Tire Pressure Warning Systems - Overview
    • Wheel And Tires - Repair Instructions
    • Wheel And Tires - Service Information
    • Wheel And Tires - Special Tools
    • Wheel And Tires - Technical Data
    • Wheel And Tires - Tightening Torques
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission Control - Overview
    • Diagnostic Trouble Codes - Transmission
    • Electronic Transmission - Overview
    • Electronic Transmission Control - Overview
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
    • Gear Shift Mechanisms
    • Operating Fluids - Automatic Transmission
    • Operating Fluids - Gear Shift Mechanism
    • Standard/Automatic Transmission - Overview
  • Clutch
    • Clutch - Repair
    • Clutch - Torque Specifications
    • Operating Fluids - Clutch
    • Pedals - Repair
    • Pedals - Tightening Torques
  • Manual Trans
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
    • Gear Shift Mechanisms
    • Manual Transmission - Servicing
    • Operating Fluids - Gear Shift Mechanism
    • Operating Fluids - Manual Transmission
    • Removal & Installation (S6S 420G)
• External Pages