Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Specifications Index
  • DTC Index
    • DTC Index (Engine)
      • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MSS54, ENGINE: S54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MSS52, ENGINE: S62, FROM 9-1-02 To 8-1-03
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS43, ENGINE: M54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2-28-03
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: ME7.2, ENGINE: M62 E53, FROM 10-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS45, ENGINE: M54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS45, ENGINE: M56, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS43, ENGINE: M54, FROM 3-1-03 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: ME7.2, ENGINE: M62 E39, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
    • DTC Index (Transmission)
      • Self-Diagnostics (Transmission) DTCS
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3, 318i & 318ti (1/96-8/96)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3, 318i & 318ti (9/96-8/97)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3 (10/97-8/98), 318i (9/97-6/98) & 318ti (9/97-6/98)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 318ti (9/98-12/98)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder : M52 - 2.8L (11/95-8/96)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (3-Series - 9/96-8/97) & 5-Series (3/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (M3 - 4/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (9/97-8/98)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (323i, 328i & 528i - 9/98-5/99)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (M COUPE, M ROADSTER, M3, Z3, 328is, 528i - 9/98-5/99)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (Z3 - 6/99-5/00)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (323i, 328i & 528i - 6/99-8/00)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (4/00-9/01)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: ZF Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 5HP19 Transmission (9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm5 Transmission (9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: SMG Transmission (3/03-2003)
        • DTC Index (Transmission)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 5HP19 (5-Speed) - AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 6HP19 (6-Speed) - AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Non-AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm5 - AWD (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: SMG Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8: Transmission (1/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/97-8/00)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/00-8/01)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (5-Speed - 9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8: Transmission (SMG - 2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 & V12 Transmission (6-Speed - 2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 & V12 Transmission (6-Speed - 2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1996)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1997)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1998-2000)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (2001)
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Tech Tips
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • Connector End Views (E52)
      • Connector List
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X10054 Connector End View
        • Light Module X10117 Connector End View
        • X10135 Component Connector (18-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10138 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10139 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10156 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10170 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1034 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1035 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10403 Component Connector (12-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10404 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10406 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10407 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10408 Component Connector (26-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10409 Component Connector (8-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10410 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10411 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10412 Connector End View
        • X10414 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10415 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10416 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10417 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10433 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10434 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10437 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Supplemental Restraint System Control Module X1081 Connector End View
        • X1110 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11175 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11176 Connector End View
        • X11197 In -line Connector (20 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X11385 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1213 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1222 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1242 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X12600 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X128 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1292 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1295 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13045 Component Connector (6-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1312 Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1313 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13157 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13159 Connector End View
        • X13251 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13293 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X137 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1404 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1582 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1601 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1603 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X161 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1653 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1654 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1658 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Electronic Drive-Away Protection Control Unit (EWS) X1659 Connector End View
        • X1714 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X17141 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1740 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1741 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1764 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1765 In -line Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1770 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Orange) Connector End View
        • X1795 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1796 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1797 Component Connector (4-Pin, Gray) Connector End View
        • X18032 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18093 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18126 Connector End View
        • X18180 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18196 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18198 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18246 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18259 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • ABS/DSC Control Module X18303 Connector End View
        • X18363 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18364 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18805 Connector End View
        • X1885 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X1886 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X18994 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X19527 In-Line Connector (16-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X19562 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1963 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X253 Connector End View
        • General Module X254 Connector End View
        • X275 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X279 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X292 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X295 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X310 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X311 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X316 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X317 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X32 Component Connector (10-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X322 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X33 Component Connector (11 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X332 Connector End View
        • X333 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X3372 Connector End View
        • DWS Control Unit X3613 Connector End View
        • X3614 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Light Module X38 Connector End View
        • X386 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Transceiver/Charging Electronics X4039 Connector End View
        • X503 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X504 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X5108 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X516 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X517 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X521 Component Connector (6-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X522 Component Connector (3 -Pin, White) Connector End View
        • X541 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X542 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X56 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 4 X60004 Connector End View
        • X6011 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • Hifi-Amplifier (Hifi) X606 Connector End View
        • X61 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X624 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X625 Connector End View
        • X6304 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6324 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X638 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X651 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6514 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X658 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X72 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X73 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X742 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X745 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X747 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X748 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X78 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X782 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X79 In-Line Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X8588 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X9002 Component Connector (26-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X9008 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X9115 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Headlight Widening Control Module X991 Connector End View
        • X9945 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X611 Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X613 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 1 X60001 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 2 X60002 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 3 X60003 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 5 X60005 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X01150 Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X01008 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X13321 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X01037 Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X623 Connector End View
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
      • Mono Radio
        • 65 11 030 Removing and installing / replacing radio receiver
        • 65 11 070 Removing and installing/replacing CD changer
      • Stereo Radio Amplifier
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing bass speaker (under left or right front door)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing midrange speaker (behind left or right front seat)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing tweeter/mid-range speaker (left or right front door)
        • 65 12 070 Removing and installing/replacing amplifier (under left front seat)
      • Aerial Antenna
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Rear Window Aerial - Antenna
        • 65 24 010 Removing and installing/replacing antenna amplifier
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Anti Theft Alarm System
        • 65 75 550 Removing and installing/replacing pitch sensor
        • 65 75 572 Removing and installing/replacing module for passenger compartment protection
      • On Board Computer
        • 65 81 060 Removing and installing/replacing external temperature sensor
      • Navigation system
        • 65 90 ... Notes on handling navigation computers
        • 65 90 510 Removing and installing/replacing navigation computer with CD-drive
        • 65 90 540 Removing and installing/replacing antenna of Global Positioning System (GPS)
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
      • 65 5 400 Release bracket
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • EWS Locking And Anti-Theft System - Overview
      • EWS
        • Notes
        • Drive Away Protection
          • Notes
          • Purpose of The System
          • System Components
            • Door Lock Switch
            • General Module
            • Board Computer
            • DME
          • Principle of Operation
        • EWS I
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • Starter Immobilization Relay
            • Door Lock Cylinders and Switch
            • General Module
            • Board Computer
            • Transmission Range Switch
            • DME
            • Input
            • Output
            • DWA (E31)
          • Principle of Operation
        • EWS II
          • Notes
          • Purpose of The System
          • System Components
            • Key with Transponder
          • Ring Antenna
            • Notes
            • Transmitter/Receiver Module
            • EWS II Control Module
            • DME
          • Principle of Operation
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
          • EWS II Control Module
          • DME Control Module
            • Notes
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III (3.2)
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • EWS III (3.2) Control Module
            • Input From The K-Bus
            • Engine Speed
            • Lock and Unlock Requests
            • Code Function
            • Range Selector Position
            • Clutch Switch
          • Principle of Operation
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III (3.2) Control Module
            • DME Control Module
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III (3.3)
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • Notes
            • EWS III (3.3) Control Module
            • DME Control Module
            • Transmission Range Selection Input
            • Principle of Operation
            • New to EWS III (3.3)
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III (3.3) Control Module
            • DME Control Modules
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III D
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III D Control Module
            • DME Control Modules
            • Key Activation
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Remote Keyless Entry - Service Information
      • New Radio Remote Control (RKE)
        • Notes
        • 1. Radio technology
        • 2. Radio remote control, general information
        • 3. System overview
        • 4. Remote control functions
        • 5. Operating reliability
        • 6. New radio transmitter (key)
          • Notes
          • 6.1 Operating Principles Of Input Keys
          • 6.2 Signal Processing
          • 6.3 Power Supply
          • 6.4 Voltage Monitoring
        • 7. System initialization
          • Notes
          • Initialization Procedure:
        • 8. Diagnosis
        • 9. System interconnections
  • Collision/Avoidance
    • Distance Systems, Cruise Control Systems - Special Tools
      • 66 3 140 Ops Package
  • Communication Devices
    • Bus System Troubleshooting - Overview
      • Bus System Troubleshooting
        • Notes
        • Introduction
        • Definitions
        • Controller Area Network (CAN Bus)
          • Introduction
          • CAN Bus Topology
          • Troubleshooting the CAN Bus
        • Diagnosis Bus (D-bus)
          • Introduction
          • D-Bus Topology
          • Troubleshooting the D-Bus
        • Information and Body Bus (I and K bus)
          • Introduction
          • I/K Bus Topology
          • Troubleshooting the I/K bus
        • Peripheral Bus (P-Bus)
          • Introduction
          • P-bus Topology
          • Troubleshooting the P-bus
        • Motor Bus (M-Bus)
          • Introduction
          • M-bus Topology
          • Troubleshooting the M-bus
    • Cellular Communication Systems - Overview
      • Telematics
        • Frequently Asked Questions
        • Glossary
          • AMPS Advanced Mobile Phone System
          • APCO
          • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
          • CDPD Cellular Digital Packet Data
          • CTIA
          • Data Bus
          • DCS-1800
          • DCS-1900
          • DCTU Digital Cordless Telephone U.S.
          • DECT Digital European Cordless Telephone
          • ETACS Enhanced TACS (Total Access Communication System)
          • ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
          • FDMA Frequency Division Multiple Access
          • FLEX® Protocol
          • Gateway
          • GPS Global Positioning System
          • GSM Global System for Mobiles
          • Half-Rate
          • IDB ITS Data Bus
          • iDEN® Integrated Digital Enhanced Network
          • InFLEXion®
          • Is-41
          • Is-54
          • Is-95
          • ISO 9000
          • ISO 9001
          • ITS IntelligentTransportation Systems
          • ITS America IntelligentTransportation Systems of America
          • JDC Japanese Digital Cellular
          • JTAC Japanese Total Access Communication
          • LMR Land Mobile Radio
          • MMI Man/Machine Interface
          • NAMPS
          • PCS Personal Communications Service
          • PCS-1900
          • PDC Personal Digital Cellular
          • PHS Personal Handy System
          • Protocol
          • PSAP Public Safety Answering Point
          • QS 9000
          • ReFLEX®
          • SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
          • SIM Subscriber Identification Module
          • TACS Total Access Communication System
          • TCU Telematics Control Unit
          • TDMA Time Division Multiple Access
          • TETRA TErrestrial Trunked RAdio
          • TIA Telecommunications Industry Association
          • User Interface
          • VR Virtual Reality
          • WAP Wireless Application Protocol
    • Introduction To Bus Systems - Overview
      • Introduction to Bus Systems
        • Notes
        • Introduction to Bus Systems
        • Multiplexing
        • Bus Communication Speeds
        • Bus System Structure
        • Bus System Application
        • Diagnosis Bus (D-Bus)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Connector
            • Notes
            • Gateways
        • Controller Area Network (CAN-Bus)
          • Notes
          • CAN-Bus Operation
            • Notes
            • Terminal Resistors
          • CAN Communication Protocol
        • Information and Body Bus (I and K-Bus)
          • Notes
          • Bus System Overview
          • Troubleshooting The I/K-Bus
          • Failure Of The Bus Cable
            • Notes
            • Failure Of One Of The Control Units Attached To The I/K-Bus.
            • Failure Of The Voltage Supply To Individual Modules.
            • Interference In The Bus Cables.
          • Peripheral Bus (P-Bus)
          • Troubleshooting The P-Bus
        • M-Bus
          • Notes
          • Communication Protocol
          • M-Bus Topology
          • M-Bus Troubleshooting
    • Most Bus Diagnostics - Overview
      • MOST Bus Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • MOST Bus Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • CCC/Mask
          • Diagnosis Excessive Temperature
          • Control Module Resets
        • MOST Configuration
          • Notes
          • Same Sequence
          • Different Sequence
          • Ring Break Diagnosis
          • Stability Check
          • MOST Control Unit Supply
        • E65 MOST Bus Diagnosis
          • Fault Symptoms E65
          • Creating Images
            • Notes
            • Non-Digitized Area
            • Self-Burnt DVDs
          • Telephone E65
          • Audio
        • Byteflight
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis
          • Light Attenuation
  • Distance Systems, Cruise Control Systems - Special Tools
    • 66 3 140 Ops Package
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
      • Mono Radio
        • 65 11 030 Removing and installing / replacing radio receiver
        • 65 11 070 Removing and installing/replacing CD changer
      • Stereo Radio Amplifier
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing bass speaker (under left or right front door)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing midrange speaker (behind left or right front seat)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing tweeter/mid-range speaker (left or right front door)
        • 65 12 070 Removing and installing/replacing amplifier (under left front seat)
      • Aerial Antenna
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Rear Window Aerial - Antenna
        • 65 24 010 Removing and installing/replacing antenna amplifier
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Anti Theft Alarm System
        • 65 75 550 Removing and installing/replacing pitch sensor
        • 65 75 572 Removing and installing/replacing module for passenger compartment protection
      • On Board Computer
        • 65 81 060 Removing and installing/replacing external temperature sensor
      • Navigation system
        • 65 90 ... Notes on handling navigation computers
        • 65 90 510 Removing and installing/replacing navigation computer with CD-drive
        • 65 90 540 Removing and installing/replacing antenna of Global Positioning System (GPS)
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
      • 65 5 400 Release bracket
    • BMW Universal BLUETOOTH - Overview
      • BMW Universal Bluetooth™
        • Introduction
        • What is Bluetooth™
          • Notes
          • Communication/Security
          • Data and Voice
          • Bluetooth™ Enabled Phones
        • Advantages of the ULF System
          • Notes
          • System Overview
          • ULF Control Module
          • Oddment Tray
          • Pairing Button
          • Bluetooth™ Antenna
        • System Operation
          • Initial Operation
          • Pairing Procedure
            • Notes
            • In Vehicle:
            • System Functions
          • Indicator Lamps
          • Adopting Telephone Book
          • Placing a Call
          • Receiving/Accepting a Call
          • Conducting a Call
          • Ending a Call
          • Transfer Active Call From Phone to ULF
          • Transfer Active Call from ULF to Phone
          • Linking Several Bluetooth™ Mobile Phones
          • Deleting Devices
        • Technical Information
        • System Overview
          • Notes
          • Voice Recognition
          • Coding ULF Control Module to Vehicle
          • Function Test
        • Troubleshooting
        • Connector Pin Assignments
  • Exterior Lights
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
      • Lamp Settings
        • 63 10 ... Test requirements for headlight vertical aim adjustment
        • 63 10 004 Adjusting headlights
        • 63 10 034 Adjusting high-beam headlight
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 005 Removing and installing/replacing left headlight
        • 63 12 006 Removing and installing/replacing right headlight
        • 63 12 170 Removing and installing/replacing left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 12 860 Replacing control unit for left xenon headlight
        • 63 12 861 Replacing control unit for right xenon headlight
      • Turn Signal Indicator
        • 63 13 150 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right turn signal flasher
        • 63 13 200 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right auxiliary turn indicator light
      • Clearance And Side
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for left additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for right additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 050 Replacing reflector with bulb for left auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 051 Replacing reflector with bulb for right auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 120 Removing and installing/replacing reflecting tail light on rear bumper
      • Rear Lights Cluster
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing left rear fog light
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing right backup light
        • 63 21 ... Sticking on cover for rear light on left or right
        • 63 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing left or right tail light
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 000 Removing and installing/replacing additional stop light
      • Licence Plate Lights
        • 63 26 020 Removing and installing/replacing both license plate lights
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 005 Removing and installing/replacing lighting plate (above inside rearview mirror)
        • 63 31 015 Removing and installing/replacing left or right interior light
        • 63 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing footwell light
        • 63 31 025 Removing and installing or replacing door warning light
        • 63 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing complete engine compartment light
        • 63 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment light
      • Lights Bulbs
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for handling light bulbs (exterior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for replacing light bulbs (interior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Replacing halogen bulb for left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 99 076 Replacing left lamp for left xenon light
        • 63 99 077 Replacing right lamp for xenon light
        • 63 99 132 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front left
        • 63 99 133 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front right
        • 63 99 401 Replacing bulb for left or right license-plate light
        • 63 99 435 Replacing light bulb for left or right interior light
        • 63 99 441 Replacing bulb for engine compartment light
    • Lights - Technical Data
      • Lamp settings
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights All with headlight vertical aim control
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights E52
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 Headlights, headlight assembly E52
      • Turn Signals indicator
        • 63 13 Turn Signals E52
      • Fog Lights, Auxiliary
        • 63 17 Front Fog Lamps, Additional Lamps E52
      • Rear Light Cluster
        • 63 21 Rear light unit E52
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 Auxiliary Brake Light E52
      • License Plate Lights
        • 63 26 License Plate Lights E52
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 Interior Lights E52
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Communication Systems - Repair Instructions
      • Transceiver, Hand Set
        • 84 11 510 Removing and installing/replacing eject box
        • 84 11 530 Removing and installing/replacing interface for D-Network car phone
        • 84 11 550 Removing and installing/replacing handsfree microphone
        • 84 21 520 Removing and installing/replacing line compensator (cellular phone)
        • 84 21 540 Removing and installing/replacing control unit for hands-free facility
      • Handheld Computer
        • 84 21 520 Removing and installing/replacing line compensator (cellular phone)
        • 84 21 540 Removing and installing/replacing control unit for hands-free facility
      • Antenna
        • 84 50 010 Removing and installing/replacing telephone antenna
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
    • Instruments - Repair Instructions
      • Instrument Cluster
        • 62 11 090 Removing and installing/replacing remote thermometer (temperature gauge)
        • 62 11 100 Removing and installing/replacing speedometer
        • 62 11 110 Removing and installing/replacing revcounter/clock
        • 62 11 130 Removing and installing/replacing fuel gauge
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, left)
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, right)
        • 62 14 140 Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, middle)
      • Instrument Carrier
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 62 11 090 Removing and installing/replacing remote thermometer (temperature gauge)
        • 62 11 100 Removing and installing/replacing speedometer
        • 62 11 110 Removing and installing/replacing revcounter/clock
        • 62 11 130 Removing and installing/replacing fuel gauge
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, left)
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, right)
        • 62 14 140 Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, middle)
        • 62 21 000 Removing and installing entire instrument cluster
    • Interior Features - ZZ4
      • Interior Features
        • Center Console
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
          • Seats
          • Doors
          • Secure Storage
          • Instrument Cluster
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
            • Instruments, Indicators and Displays
              • Speedometer
              • Tachometer
              • Clock
              • Fuel Gauge
              • Coolant Temperature Gauge
              • Coolant Overheat Warning
              • Service Interval Display (SIA4)
              • Total Distance and Trip Odometer
              • Ambient Temperature
              • Instrument Light Dimming
            • Warning and Indicator Lights
              • Notes
              • General Brake Warning Light
              • Seat Belt Indicator Light
              • Indicator Lights
              • Charge Indicator Light
              • Oil Light
              • ABS Indicator Light
              • SRS Indicator Light
              • Service Engine Soon Light
              • Warning Light for Automatic Stability Control (DSC)
              • Warning Light for Tire Pressure Warning (DWS)
              • Brake Lining Warning Light (BBV)
              • Convertible Top Warning Light
              • Lights On Warning
              • Ignition Key Warning
              • Acoustic Cycle for Direction Indicators
              • Sound (Gong)
          • System Operation
            • Test Functions
            • Notes
            • Air Distribution
            • Flap setting
            • Auxiliary Water Pump
            • Temperature Control
            • Air Conditioning
            • Idle Speed Compensation
            • Filling Station Effect
            • Characteristic Map Cooling
            • Defroster Function
            • Rear Window Defogger
            • Program Selector Switch for Recirculated Air, Outside Air, A/C Functions
            • Filters
            • Auxiliary Fan
            • K-bus Interface
            • Heater/Air Conditioner Housing
            • Diagnosis
          • Workshop Hints
            • Replacing the IKE
          • IHKS - Heating and Air Conditioning
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
            • IHKS Control Panel
            • Control Panel - Connections
            • Blower Setting
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
      • On Board Monitor and Navigation Systems
        • Notes
        • Navigation Systems
          • Notes
          • DVD Navigation
        • Components
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor/Display
            • Notes
            • E46 On Board Monitor Display (MK-II)
            • On Board Monitor Assembly
          • Navigation Computer
            • Notes
            • Mark I Navigation Computer
            • Mark II Navigation Computer
            • Mark III Navigation Computer
          • Video Module (Mk-I Only)
          • Magnetic Field Sensor (Mk-I Only)
            • Notes
            • Sensor Operation
          • GPS Antenna
          • GPS Antenna Locations
          • GPS Receiver Module
          • Gyro Sensor (Mk-II And III)
            • Notes
            • Gyro Sensor Operation
          • Navigation System Interfaces
            • GPS Input Signal
            • Wheel Speed Sensor Input
            • Reverse Gear Signal
            • Rear Window "Defroster ON" Signal (Mark I Only)
            • ARCNET (Mark I Only)
          • RGB
          • Bus Network
          • Mark I Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II (E46) Navigation Bus Network Overview
        • Navigation System Operation
          • Notes
          • Graphical Map Scale
          • Graphical Map Positioning
          • GPS Indication
          • Navigation System Information Screen
            • Notes
            • Vehicle Position
        • Workshop Hints
          • Mark I Navigation System Calibration
          • Vehicle Owner Calibration
            • Notes
            • 1. Resetting Vehicle Position
            • 2. Adjusting Tire Size
            • Tire Circumference Measurement
          • Precision Adjustment
          • Dealership Calibration
            • Notes
            • Tools Needed For Dealership Calibration
          • Calibration Procedures
          • 1. Setting Of Car Parameters
          • Aftermarket Wheels Or Suspension Modifications
          • 2. Sensor Test
          • 3. Wheel Sensor
          • 4. Compass (Magnetic Field Sensor Calibration)
            • Notes
            • Compass Step 1
            • Preferred Method- CIRCLE
            • Alternate Method - BLOCK
            • Compass Step 2
            • Preferred Method - Digitized Address
            • Last Method - Angle
            • Compass Step 3 - Rear Window Defroster Compensation
            • Finish Calibration
          • Mark I Diagnosis And Troubleshooting
          • Navigation Computer Flash Codes
          • Mark II Navigation System Diagnostic Mode Displays
          • Mark II Navigation System Calibration
          • E46 Mark II Board Monitor And Navigation Service Mode Displays
          • Replacing The Mk-3 Navigation Computer
          • Service Mode
          • Diagnosis
            • Notes
            • Service Mode Menu Chart (Sensor Check)
            • Service Mode Diagnostic Explanations
          • Navigation System Software
          • Checking Software Version
            • Mk-I Systems
            • Mk-II Systems
            • MK III Systems
            • DVD Navigation System For I-Bus Vehicles
        • On Board Monitor System
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor And Controls And Indicators
            • Audio System
          • On Board Monitor Functions
            • Notes
            • On Board Computer
            • GPS Navigation
            • Telephone
            • Code Function
            • Set Screen
            • Digital Sound Processor (DSP)
            • Auxiliary Ventilation
            • Emergency
            • Monitor OFF
          • Mark II On Board Functions
            • Notes
            • Automatic Date/Time Display
          • Navigation Computer Removal
  • Headlights
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
      • Lamp Settings
        • 63 10 ... Test requirements for headlight vertical aim adjustment
        • 63 10 004 Adjusting headlights
        • 63 10 034 Adjusting high-beam headlight
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 005 Removing and installing/replacing left headlight
        • 63 12 006 Removing and installing/replacing right headlight
        • 63 12 170 Removing and installing/replacing left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 12 860 Replacing control unit for left xenon headlight
        • 63 12 861 Replacing control unit for right xenon headlight
      • Turn Signal Indicator
        • 63 13 150 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right turn signal flasher
        • 63 13 200 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right auxiliary turn indicator light
      • Clearance And Side
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for left additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for right additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 050 Replacing reflector with bulb for left auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 051 Replacing reflector with bulb for right auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 120 Removing and installing/replacing reflecting tail light on rear bumper
      • Rear Lights Cluster
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing left rear fog light
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing right backup light
        • 63 21 ... Sticking on cover for rear light on left or right
        • 63 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing left or right tail light
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 000 Removing and installing/replacing additional stop light
      • Licence Plate Lights
        • 63 26 020 Removing and installing/replacing both license plate lights
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 005 Removing and installing/replacing lighting plate (above inside rearview mirror)
        • 63 31 015 Removing and installing/replacing left or right interior light
        • 63 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing footwell light
        • 63 31 025 Removing and installing or replacing door warning light
        • 63 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing complete engine compartment light
        • 63 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment light
      • Lights Bulbs
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for handling light bulbs (exterior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for replacing light bulbs (interior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Replacing halogen bulb for left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 99 076 Replacing left lamp for left xenon light
        • 63 99 077 Replacing right lamp for xenon light
        • 63 99 132 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front left
        • 63 99 133 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front right
        • 63 99 401 Replacing bulb for left or right license-plate light
        • 63 99 435 Replacing light bulb for left or right interior light
        • 63 99 441 Replacing bulb for engine compartment light
    • Lights - Technical Data
      • Lamp settings
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights All with headlight vertical aim control
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights E52
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 Headlights, headlight assembly E52
      • Turn Signals indicator
        • 63 13 Turn Signals E52
      • Fog Lights, Auxiliary
        • 63 17 Front Fog Lamps, Additional Lamps E52
      • Rear Light Cluster
        • 63 21 Rear light unit E52
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 Auxiliary Brake Light E52
      • License Plate Lights
        • 63 26 License Plate Lights E52
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 Interior Lights E52
  • Horns
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
  • Infotainment
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
      • Mono Radio
        • 65 11 030 Removing and installing / replacing radio receiver
        • 65 11 070 Removing and installing/replacing CD changer
      • Stereo Radio Amplifier
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing bass speaker (under left or right front door)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing midrange speaker (behind left or right front seat)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing tweeter/mid-range speaker (left or right front door)
        • 65 12 070 Removing and installing/replacing amplifier (under left front seat)
      • Aerial Antenna
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Rear Window Aerial - Antenna
        • 65 24 010 Removing and installing/replacing antenna amplifier
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Anti Theft Alarm System
        • 65 75 550 Removing and installing/replacing pitch sensor
        • 65 75 572 Removing and installing/replacing module for passenger compartment protection
      • On Board Computer
        • 65 81 060 Removing and installing/replacing external temperature sensor
      • Navigation system
        • 65 90 ... Notes on handling navigation computers
        • 65 90 510 Removing and installing/replacing navigation computer with CD-drive
        • 65 90 540 Removing and installing/replacing antenna of Global Positioning System (GPS)
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
      • 65 5 400 Release bracket
    • BMW Universal BLUETOOTH - Overview
      • BMW Universal Bluetooth™
        • Introduction
        • What is Bluetooth™
          • Notes
          • Communication/Security
          • Data and Voice
          • Bluetooth™ Enabled Phones
        • Advantages of the ULF System
          • Notes
          • System Overview
          • ULF Control Module
          • Oddment Tray
          • Pairing Button
          • Bluetooth™ Antenna
        • System Operation
          • Initial Operation
          • Pairing Procedure
            • Notes
            • In Vehicle:
            • System Functions
          • Indicator Lamps
          • Adopting Telephone Book
          • Placing a Call
          • Receiving/Accepting a Call
          • Conducting a Call
          • Ending a Call
          • Transfer Active Call From Phone to ULF
          • Transfer Active Call from ULF to Phone
          • Linking Several Bluetooth™ Mobile Phones
          • Deleting Devices
        • Technical Information
        • System Overview
          • Notes
          • Voice Recognition
          • Coding ULF Control Module to Vehicle
          • Function Test
        • Troubleshooting
        • Connector Pin Assignments
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
      • On Board Monitor and Navigation Systems
        • Notes
        • Navigation Systems
          • Notes
          • DVD Navigation
        • Components
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor/Display
            • Notes
            • E46 On Board Monitor Display (MK-II)
            • On Board Monitor Assembly
          • Navigation Computer
            • Notes
            • Mark I Navigation Computer
            • Mark II Navigation Computer
            • Mark III Navigation Computer
          • Video Module (Mk-I Only)
          • Magnetic Field Sensor (Mk-I Only)
            • Notes
            • Sensor Operation
          • GPS Antenna
          • GPS Antenna Locations
          • GPS Receiver Module
          • Gyro Sensor (Mk-II And III)
            • Notes
            • Gyro Sensor Operation
          • Navigation System Interfaces
            • GPS Input Signal
            • Wheel Speed Sensor Input
            • Reverse Gear Signal
            • Rear Window "Defroster ON" Signal (Mark I Only)
            • ARCNET (Mark I Only)
          • RGB
          • Bus Network
          • Mark I Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II (E46) Navigation Bus Network Overview
        • Navigation System Operation
          • Notes
          • Graphical Map Scale
          • Graphical Map Positioning
          • GPS Indication
          • Navigation System Information Screen
            • Notes
            • Vehicle Position
        • Workshop Hints
          • Mark I Navigation System Calibration
          • Vehicle Owner Calibration
            • Notes
            • 1. Resetting Vehicle Position
            • 2. Adjusting Tire Size
            • Tire Circumference Measurement
          • Precision Adjustment
          • Dealership Calibration
            • Notes
            • Tools Needed For Dealership Calibration
          • Calibration Procedures
          • 1. Setting Of Car Parameters
          • Aftermarket Wheels Or Suspension Modifications
          • 2. Sensor Test
          • 3. Wheel Sensor
          • 4. Compass (Magnetic Field Sensor Calibration)
            • Notes
            • Compass Step 1
            • Preferred Method- CIRCLE
            • Alternate Method - BLOCK
            • Compass Step 2
            • Preferred Method - Digitized Address
            • Last Method - Angle
            • Compass Step 3 - Rear Window Defroster Compensation
            • Finish Calibration
          • Mark I Diagnosis And Troubleshooting
          • Navigation Computer Flash Codes
          • Mark II Navigation System Diagnostic Mode Displays
          • Mark II Navigation System Calibration
          • E46 Mark II Board Monitor And Navigation Service Mode Displays
          • Replacing The Mk-3 Navigation Computer
          • Service Mode
          • Diagnosis
            • Notes
            • Service Mode Menu Chart (Sensor Check)
            • Service Mode Diagnostic Explanations
          • Navigation System Software
          • Checking Software Version
            • Mk-I Systems
            • Mk-II Systems
            • MK III Systems
            • DVD Navigation System For I-Bus Vehicles
        • On Board Monitor System
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor And Controls And Indicators
            • Audio System
          • On Board Monitor Functions
            • Notes
            • On Board Computer
            • GPS Navigation
            • Telephone
            • Code Function
            • Set Screen
            • Digital Sound Processor (DSP)
            • Auxiliary Ventilation
            • Emergency
            • Monitor OFF
          • Mark II On Board Functions
            • Notes
            • Automatic Date/Time Display
          • Navigation Computer Removal
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Operating Fluids - Body Equipment
      • 1.0 Adhesives/Sealants for Glass
      • 2.0 Other Fluids
      • 3.0 Contact Cement
      • 4.0 Instant adhesive for rubber, metal and plastic surfaces.
      • 5.0 Loctite 380
      • 6.0 Glass Adhesive
      • 7.0 Premium Leather Care Kit
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Lights - Repair Instructions
      • Lamp Settings
        • 63 10 ... Test requirements for headlight vertical aim adjustment
        • 63 10 004 Adjusting headlights
        • 63 10 034 Adjusting high-beam headlight
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 005 Removing and installing/replacing left headlight
        • 63 12 006 Removing and installing/replacing right headlight
        • 63 12 170 Removing and installing/replacing left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 12 860 Replacing control unit for left xenon headlight
        • 63 12 861 Replacing control unit for right xenon headlight
      • Turn Signal Indicator
        • 63 13 150 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right turn signal flasher
        • 63 13 200 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right auxiliary turn indicator light
      • Clearance And Side
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for left additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing light module for right additional turn signal lamp
        • 63 14 050 Replacing reflector with bulb for left auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 051 Replacing reflector with bulb for right auxiliary turn indicator light
        • 63 14 120 Removing and installing/replacing reflecting tail light on rear bumper
      • Rear Lights Cluster
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing left rear fog light
        • 63 21 ... Removing and installing/replacing right backup light
        • 63 21 ... Sticking on cover for rear light on left or right
        • 63 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing left or right tail light
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 000 Removing and installing/replacing additional stop light
      • Licence Plate Lights
        • 63 26 020 Removing and installing/replacing both license plate lights
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 005 Removing and installing/replacing lighting plate (above inside rearview mirror)
        • 63 31 015 Removing and installing/replacing left or right interior light
        • 63 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing footwell light
        • 63 31 025 Removing and installing or replacing door warning light
        • 63 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing complete engine compartment light
        • 63 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment light
      • Lights Bulbs
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for handling light bulbs (exterior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Instructions for replacing light bulbs (interior lights)
        • 63 99 ... Replacing halogen bulb for left or right high-beam headlight
        • 63 99 076 Replacing left lamp for left xenon light
        • 63 99 077 Replacing right lamp for xenon light
        • 63 99 132 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front left
        • 63 99 133 Replacing bulb for side marker lamp, front right
        • 63 99 401 Replacing bulb for left or right license-plate light
        • 63 99 435 Replacing light bulb for left or right interior light
        • 63 99 441 Replacing bulb for engine compartment light
    • Lights - Technical Data
      • Lamp settings
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights All with headlight vertical aim control
        • 63 10 Adjustment of lights E52
      • Headlights
        • 63 12 Headlights, headlight assembly E52
      • Turn Signals indicator
        • 63 13 Turn Signals E52
      • Fog Lights, Auxiliary
        • 63 17 Front Fog Lamps, Additional Lamps E52
      • Rear Light Cluster
        • 63 21 Rear light unit E52
      • Brake Lights
        • 63 25 Auxiliary Brake Light E52
      • License Plate Lights
        • 63 26 License Plate Lights E52
      • Interior Lights
        • 63 31 Interior Lights E52
  • Memory Modules
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
  • Mirrors
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
  • Seats
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Operating Fluids - Seats
      • 1.0 Seat Leather Care
      • 2.0 Premium Leather Care Kit
    • Seats - Repair Instructions
      • Front Seat Sports Electrical
        • 52 16 ... Additional work in event of faulty longitudinal adjustment drive
        • 52 16 ... Removing and installing/replacing gearing for longitudinal seat adjustment on left and right on front seat
        • 52 16 000 Removing and installing left or right front seat
        • 52 16 040 Removing and installing/replacing outer cover on left or right front door
        • 52 16 198 Removing and installing/replacing rear panel on left or right front seat backrest
        • 52 16 390 Removing and installing or replacing front left or right headrest
    • Seats - Special Tools
      • 52 0 050 Pliers
    • Seats - Tightening Torques
      • Front Seats
        • 52 10 Front seats
      • Rear Seat (Normal), Manual
        • 52 24 Rear Seat (normal), manual
      • Rear Seat (Normal), Electric
        • 52 26 Rear Seats (through-loading system)
        • 52 25 Rear seat (normal), electric
      • Rear seats (Through - loading System)
        • 52 26 Rear Seats (through-loading system)
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Repair Instructions
      • Mono Radio
        • 65 11 030 Removing and installing / replacing radio receiver
        • 65 11 070 Removing and installing/replacing CD changer
      • Stereo Radio Amplifier
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing bass speaker (under left or right front door)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing midrange speaker (behind left or right front seat)
        • 65 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing tweeter/mid-range speaker (left or right front door)
        • 65 12 070 Removing and installing/replacing amplifier (under left front seat)
      • Aerial Antenna
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Rear Window Aerial - Antenna
        • 65 24 010 Removing and installing/replacing antenna amplifier
        • 65 24 100 Removing and installing/replacing antenna (radio)
      • Anti Theft Alarm System
        • 65 75 550 Removing and installing/replacing pitch sensor
        • 65 75 572 Removing and installing/replacing module for passenger compartment protection
      • On Board Computer
        • 65 81 060 Removing and installing/replacing external temperature sensor
      • Navigation system
        • 65 90 ... Notes on handling navigation computers
        • 65 90 510 Removing and installing/replacing navigation computer with CD-drive
        • 65 90 540 Removing and installing/replacing antenna of Global Positioning System (GPS)
    • Audio, Navigation And Anti-Theft - Special Tools
      • 65 5 400 Release bracket
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • EWS Locking And Anti-Theft System - Overview
      • EWS
        • Notes
        • Drive Away Protection
          • Notes
          • Purpose of The System
          • System Components
            • Door Lock Switch
            • General Module
            • Board Computer
            • DME
          • Principle of Operation
        • EWS I
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • Starter Immobilization Relay
            • Door Lock Cylinders and Switch
            • General Module
            • Board Computer
            • Transmission Range Switch
            • DME
            • Input
            • Output
            • DWA (E31)
          • Principle of Operation
        • EWS II
          • Notes
          • Purpose of The System
          • System Components
            • Key with Transponder
          • Ring Antenna
            • Notes
            • Transmitter/Receiver Module
            • EWS II Control Module
            • DME
          • Principle of Operation
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
          • EWS II Control Module
          • DME Control Module
            • Notes
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III (3.2)
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • EWS III (3.2) Control Module
            • Input From The K-Bus
            • Engine Speed
            • Lock and Unlock Requests
            • Code Function
            • Range Selector Position
            • Clutch Switch
          • Principle of Operation
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III (3.2) Control Module
            • DME Control Module
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III (3.3)
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
            • Notes
            • EWS III (3.3) Control Module
            • DME Control Module
            • Transmission Range Selection Input
            • Principle of Operation
            • New to EWS III (3.3)
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III (3.3) Control Module
            • DME Control Modules
            • Key Activation
        • EWS III D
          • Notes
          • Purpose of the System
          • Replacement Procedures
            • Keys
            • EWS III D Control Module
            • DME Control Modules
            • Key Activation
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Remote Keyless Entry - Service Information
      • New Radio Remote Control (RKE)
        • Notes
        • 1. Radio technology
        • 2. Radio remote control, general information
        • 3. System overview
        • 4. Remote control functions
        • 5. Operating reliability
        • 6. New radio transmitter (key)
          • Notes
          • 6.1 Operating Principles Of Input Keys
          • 6.2 Signal Processing
          • 6.3 Power Supply
          • 6.4 Voltage Monitoring
        • 7. System initialization
          • Notes
          • Initialization Procedure:
        • 8. Diagnosis
        • 9. System interconnections
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Shell - Z8
      • Body Shell
        • Purpose of the System
        • Components
          • Frame - Structural Views
          • Body - Panel Views
          • Rollbar
          • Rollbar Mounting
          • Repair Concept
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Operating Fluids - Body Equipment
      • 1.0 Adhesives/Sealants for Glass
      • 2.0 Other Fluids
      • 3.0 Contact Cement
      • 4.0 Instant adhesive for rubber, metal and plastic surfaces.
      • 5.0 Loctite 380
      • 6.0 Glass Adhesive
      • 7.0 Premium Leather Care Kit
  • Mirrors
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
  • Seats
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Operating Fluids - Seats
      • 1.0 Seat Leather Care
      • 2.0 Premium Leather Care Kit
    • Seats - Repair Instructions
      • Front Seat Sports Electrical
        • 52 16 ... Additional work in event of faulty longitudinal adjustment drive
        • 52 16 ... Removing and installing/replacing gearing for longitudinal seat adjustment on left and right on front seat
        • 52 16 000 Removing and installing left or right front seat
        • 52 16 040 Removing and installing/replacing outer cover on left or right front door
        • 52 16 198 Removing and installing/replacing rear panel on left or right front seat backrest
        • 52 16 390 Removing and installing or replacing front left or right headrest
    • Seats - Special Tools
      • 52 0 050 Pliers
    • Seats - Tightening Torques
      • Front Seats
        • 52 10 Front seats
      • Rear Seat (Normal), Manual
        • 52 24 Rear Seat (normal), manual
      • Rear Seat (Normal), Electric
        • 52 26 Rear Seats (through-loading system)
        • 52 25 Rear seat (normal), electric
      • Rear seats (Through - loading System)
        • 52 26 Rear Seats (through-loading system)
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Convertible Top - Z8
      • Convertible Top
        • Purpose of The System
        • Convertible Top Features
          • Notes
          • Top Construction
            • Top and Frame
          • Pre-Conditions for Soft Top Operation
            • Notes
            • Procedure To Open The Top
            • Procedure To Close The Top
          • Hydraulic Unit
          • Hydraulic Cylinders
          • System Operation
            • Electrical Operation
          • Electrical Operation
            • Top Operation
            • Top Lowering Sequence
            • Top Raising Sequence
        • Emergency Closing Operation
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Operating Fluids - Sunroof And Convertible Top
      • 1.0 Convertible Top Material
      • 2.0 Convertible Top Rear (Plastic) Window
        • Rear Window Cleaner
        • Rear Window Polish
        • Contact Cement
      • 3.0 Convertible Top Storage Lid Adhesive
      • 4.0 Convertible Top Sealing Frame Adhesive
      • 5.0 Convertible Top Hydraulic Fluid
      • 6.0 Sunroof
        • Cassette Lubricant
        • Loctite 380
    • Power Convertible Top - Z8
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Top Features
        • Top Construction
          • Top & Frame
        • Top Operation
          • Pre-Conditions For Soft Top Operation
          • Procedure To Open Top
          • Procedure To Close Top
        • Hydraulic Unit
        • Hydraulic Cylinders
        • Electrical Operation
          • Top Operation
          • Top Lowering Sequence
          • Top Raising Sequence
        • Emergency Closing Operation
      • Adjustments
        • Checking Convertible Top
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Convertible Top
          • Removal & Installation
        • Convertible Top Panel
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Seats
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • High Mount Auxiliary Stop Light
          • Removal & Installation
        • Hydraulic Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Hydraulic Lines
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Hydraulic Unit
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Storage Compartment
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rollover Bars
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rollover Protection Panels
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rollover Protection Panel Trim
          • Removal & Installation
        • Side Trim Panel
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Slide/Tilt Roof And Convertible Top - Tightening Torques
      • Hard Top
        • 54 21 Hard top
      • Convertible Top
        • 54 31 Convertible Top, Frame and Actuation (Mechanical Components)
      • Motor - Operated Convertible
        • 54 31 Convertible Top, Frame and Actuation (Mechanical Components)
        • 54 34 Motor-driven Convertible Top (Hydraulic Components)
      • Rollover Bar Fixed
        • 54 61 Rollover Protection System, fixed
  • Towing Systems
    • Trailers - Repair Instructions
      • loading platform
        • 00 00 ... Body and underbody: checking for corrosion and damage
        • 00 00 ... Raising BMW multi-trailer
        • 86 10 ... Adjusting brake system
        • 86 10 ... Adjusting spring force accumulator
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of Camlock retaining cam
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of base plate
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of bracket on platform base
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of front apron
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of front protection bar
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of jockey wheel or jockey wheel mount
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of left and right aprons
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of left and right lamp housings
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of left and right wheel boxes
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of licence plate mounting plate
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of loading ramp frame/disassembly of rail, left/right
        • 86 10 ... Disassembly of rear apron
        • 86 10 ... Disconnecting plug connection, wiring harness, front/rear
        • 86 10 ... Installation position of BMW lettering
        • 86 10 ... Removing Camlock retaining cam on loading ramp
        • 86 10 ... Removing Camlock screw cap
        • 86 10 ... Removing and installing or replacing left or right coil spring
        • 86 10 ... Removing bolt on loading ramp
        • 86 10 ... Removing brake shoes
        • 86 10 ... Removing entry profile section on loading ramp, left, right and center
        • 86 10 ... Removing left or right shock absorber
        • 86 10 ... Removing loading ramp lock
        • 86 10 ... Removing mounting bracket sealing cap
        • 86 10 ... Removing mounting bracket, center, left and right
        • 86 10 ... Removing outer pull rod mount, left and right
        • 86 10 ... Removing overrunning equipment/maintaining or replacing guide bush/installing overrunning equipment
        • 86 10 ... Removing plastic bush/metal bush
        • 86 10 ... Removing rear supports and bracket
        • 86 10 ... Removing reflecting rear light
        • 86 10 ... Removing rest on loading ramp, left, right and center
        • 86 10 ... Removing shock absorber from overrunning equipment
        • 86 10 ... Removing trailing arm, removing and installing or replacing mounting
        • 86 10 ... Removing wheel bearing
        • 86 10 ... Removing wooden rest on loading ramp, left, right and center
        • 86 10 ... Repair work on GFP components with Gelcoat surface
        • 86 10 ... Replacing 12 volt socket
        • 86 10 ... Replacing bar
        • 86 10 ... Replacing drawbar members, left and right
        • 86 10 ... Replacing gaiter
        • 86 10 ... Replacing holder for chock
        • 86 10 ... Replacing lashing plate and lashing eye
        • 86 10 ... Replacing license plate light
        • 86 10 ... Replacing position light
        • 86 10 ... Replacing rear light
        • 86 10 ... Troubleshooting on multi-trailer
      • hood
        • 00 00 ... Positioning of multitrailer hood for maintenance and repair work
        • 86 21 ... Adjusting hood pretension - Camloc fastener with spacers
        • 86 21 ... Adjusting rear lid to fit
        • 86 21 ... Adjusting rotary striker lock
        • 86 21 ... Adjusting side lid to fit
        • 86 21 ... Attaching/replacing BMW badge
        • 86 21 ... Fitting BMW logo
        • 86 21 ... Installing hood seal
        • 86 21 ... Installing rubber roof strip
        • 86 21 ... Installing seal for rear lid and side lid
        • 86 21 ... Installing sponge rubber seal
        • 86 21 ... Removing ball pivot
        • 86 21 ... Removing centering pin from mounting bracket
        • 86 21 ... Removing gas spring
        • 86 21 ... Removing gas spring retaining bracket
        • 86 21 ... Removing hinge bracket on rear lid
        • 86 21 ... Removing lid
        • 86 21 ... Removing lock barrel
        • 86 21 ... Removing lock striker fixture on rear lid
        • 86 21 ... Removing plug for inside light
        • 86 21 ... Removing roof railing
        • 86 21 ... Removing roof railing adapter
        • 86 21 ... Removing rotary striker lock
        • 86 21 ... Removing side lid hinge
        • 86 21 ... Replacing inside light
        • 86 21 ... Replacing inside light power cable
  • Windows
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Electrical Drives - Repair Instructions
      • Mirror Adjustment
        • 67 13 001 Replacing drive unit for electrically operated left or right door mirror
      • Drive Seat Adjustment
        • 67 31 500 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for forward/back seat adjustment
        • 67 31 520 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for seat height adjustment
        • 67 31 530 Removing and installing/replacing drive unit for backrest angle adjustment
      • Drive
        • 67 61 030 Removing and installing/replacing drive for convertible top lock
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes/Traction Control System - Z8
    • Identification
    • Description
    • Operation
      • Slip Control Module
      • Hydraulic Unit
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensors
    • Bleeding/Flushing Brake System
    • Servicing
    • Diagnosis & Testing
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Abs/ASC+T/DSC Control Module
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC Hydraulic Unit
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC3 PRECHARGING Pump
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC Pressure Sensor
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rotation Rate Sensor (DSC3)
        • Removal & Installation
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensor - Front
        • Removal & Installation
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensor - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
    • Special Tools
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Disc - Z8
      • Description & Operation
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Bleeding Procedures
      • Adjustments
        • Brake Pedal Height
        • Power Brake Booster
        • Parking Brake
        • Stoplight Switch
      • Testing
        • Brake Warning Light
        • Hydraulic System
          • High Pressure Leak Test
          • Low Pressure Test
        • Power Brake Booster
      • Removal & Installation
        • Disc Pads
          • Removal (Front)
          • Removal (Rear)
          • Installation (Front & Rear)
        • Caliper Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rotor
          • Removal (Front)
          • Removal (Rear)
          • Installation (Front & Rear)
        • Parking Brake Shoes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Master Cylinder
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Brake Caliper
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning & Inspection
          • Reassembly
        • Master Cylinder
          • Disassembly
          • Reassembly
      • Torque Specifications
      • Disc Brake Specifications
    • Operating Fluids - Brakes
      • 1.0 General Information
      • 2.0 Handling Brake Fluids
        • Notes
        • Caution
      • 3.0 BMW Tested And Approved Brake Fluids
      • 4.0 Brake Fluid Change Intervals
      • 5.0 Other Operating Fluids
        • Anti-Squeak/Corrosion Paste
        • Brake Cleaner Spray
    • Operating Fluids - Pedals
      • 1.0 General Information
    • Pedals - Repair
      • Pedal mounting block
        • 35 11 000 Removing and installing mounting block for pedals
        • 35 21 000 Removing and installing/replacing brake pedal
        • 35 31 000 Removing and installing / replacing clutch pedal
      • brake pedal with linkage
        • 35 21 000 Removing and installing/replacing brake pedal
      • Clutch pedal with linkage
        • 35 31 000 Removing and installing / replacing clutch pedal
      • accelerator pedal
        • 35 40 001 Removing and installing/replacing accelerator pedal module
        • 35 40 503 Replacing adapter plate
      • Kick down
        • 35 40 001 Removing and installing/replacing accelerator pedal module
        • 35 40 503 Replacing adapter plate
    • Pedals - Tightening Torques
      • Pedal Mounting Block
        • Pedal Assembly Console
      • Brake Pedal and Linkage
        • Brake Pedal and Linkage
      • Clutch Pedal and Linkage
        • Clutch Pedal and Linkage
      • Accessories Pedal
        • Parking Brake
        • Pedal Assembly Console
        • Pedals
      • Kick down
        • Accelerator Pedal and Linkage
  • Anti-Lock Brakes/Traction Control System - Z8 (2)
    • Identification
    • Description
    • Operation
      • Slip Control Module
      • Hydraulic Unit
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensors
    • Bleeding/Flushing Brake System
    • Servicing
    • Diagnosis & Testing
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Abs/ASC+T/DSC Control Module
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC Hydraulic Unit
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC3 PRECHARGING Pump
        • Removal & Installation
      • DSC Pressure Sensor
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rotation Rate Sensor (DSC3)
        • Removal & Installation
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensor - Front
        • Removal & Installation
      • Wheel Pulse (Speed) Sensor - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
    • Special Tools
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Axle Shafts - Z8 Roadster
      • Identification
      • Description & Operation
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Drive Axle Shafts
          • Notes
          • Removal & Disassembly
          • Installation
        • CV Inner Joint
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
      • 1.0 General Information on High Temperature Multi-Purpose Grease
      • 2.0 Approved High Temperature Multi-purpose Grease
        • Notes
        • Ball Bearings (E24 from mid 1982, E28, E30, E31, E32 and all following)
        • Tapered Roller Bearings (E23, E21)
      • 3.0 Approved Front Axle Final Drive Oils
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
      • 1.0 General Information On Final Drive Oil
        • Notes
        • Oil Additives
      • 2.0 Approved Final Drive Oils For Front And Rear Axle Final Drives With And Without Limited Slip Or Viscous Coupling
        • Notes
        • Limited Slip Differentials
          • Notes
          • Non-Limited Slip Differentials
      • 3.0 Final Drive Oil For BMW M1 Motorsport Coupe
      • 4.0 Oil Change Intervals
      • 5.0 Cars Without Service Indicator (Including BMW M1)
      • 6.0 Cars With Service Indicator
        • Notes
        • Break-In Procedures
      • 7.0 Output Shafts
      • 8.0 Wheel Bearings
        • Ball Bearings E24 (Since 5/82), E28, E30, E31, E32 And All Following
        • Grooved Ball Bearings E12, E21, E23, E24 Before 5/82
      • 9.0 Differential Housing Final Drive Covers And Housing
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
      • 1.0 General Information on High Temperature Multi-Purpose Grease
      • 2.0 Approved High Temperature Multi-purpose Grease
        • Notes
        • Ball Bearings (E24 from mid 1982, E28, E30, E31, E32 and all following)
        • Tapered Roller Bearings (E23, E21)
      • 3.0 Approved Front Axle Final Drive Oils
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
      • 1.0 General Information On Final Drive Oil
        • Notes
        • Oil Additives
      • 2.0 Approved Final Drive Oils For Front And Rear Axle Final Drives With And Without Limited Slip Or Viscous Coupling
        • Notes
        • Limited Slip Differentials
          • Notes
          • Non-Limited Slip Differentials
      • 3.0 Final Drive Oil For BMW M1 Motorsport Coupe
      • 4.0 Oil Change Intervals
      • 5.0 Cars Without Service Indicator (Including BMW M1)
      • 6.0 Cars With Service Indicator
        • Notes
        • Break-In Procedures
      • 7.0 Output Shafts
      • 8.0 Wheel Bearings
        • Ball Bearings E24 (Since 5/82), E28, E30, E31, E32 And All Following
        • Grooved Ball Bearings E12, E21, E23, E24 Before 5/82
      • 9.0 Differential Housing Final Drive Covers And Housing
    • Suspension - Rear
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Adjustments
        • Ride Height
        • Wheel Alignment Specifications & Procedures
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Axle Carrier
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Axle Carrier Rubber Mounts
          • Removal & Installation
        • Coil Spring
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Integral Link
          • Removal & Installation
        • Spring Strut Shock Absorber
          • Removal & Installation
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer
          • Removal & Installation
        • Swinging Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Thrust Bearing For Spring Strut Shock Absorber
          • Removal & Installation
        • Traction Strut
          • Removal & Installation
        • Upper Control Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Wheel Bearings
        • Wheel Carrier
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Carrier Ball Joint
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Special Tools
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Operating Fluids - Drive Shaft
      • 1.0 General Information
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Breakout Boxes & Connectors - Overview
      • Breakout Boxes and Connectors
        • Notes
        • Connector Contact Kit
          • Connector Contact Removal Kit
          • Socket and Spring Contacts
          • Instrument Cluster Illumination Bulb Holder Removal Socket
          • Relay Holder Disengaging Tool
          • Circular Connector Lock Disengager
        • BMW Plug System Abbreviations
        • Plug System D1.5/D2.5
          • Circular Plug 7--8 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular plug 13 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular Plug 20 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular Plug 4-7-10-12-25 Pin System D1.5/D2.5
          • In-line Plug 15 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 8-, 12 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 20 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 30 Pin System D2.5
        • Plug System JPT/MDK/DFK
          • In-line plug 2 Pin System JPT ELA
          • In-line plug 2 Pin System MDK 3 plus 2.8
          • In-line plug 4 Pin System DFK ELA
        • Plug System Elo/Elo Power
          • In-line Plug 3-,6 Pin System Elo-Power 2.8
          • In-line plug 4-,10 Pin System Elo
          • In-line Plug 6-,50 Pin System Elo
        • Plug System MQS/MPQ
          • In-line Plug 6-,8 Pin System MQS
          • In-line Plug 2 Pin System MPQ 2.8
          • Control Unit Plug 25-, 35-, 55-,83-,88 Pin
          • In-line Plug 24 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
            • Notes
            • Socket Housing
          • Pin Housing
          • Socket Housing 42-,43 Pin Hybrid Systems MQS/MPQ
          • Socket Housing 2x27-, 2x27 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ, Elo/Elo Power
          • In-line Plug 30 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
          • Socket Housing
          • Socket Housing 5-, 8 Pin System MQS/MPQ
          • Socket housing 5 pin (Hybrid System MQS/MPQ)
          • Socket Housing 8 Pin (MQS)
          • Socket Housing (Radio Plug) Hybrid system MQS/MPS
          • Removing MPQ contacts from radio plug:
          • Removing MQS contacts from carrier
          • Removing MPQ contacts from contact carrier
        • Miscellaneous Connectors
          • Fuse Strip
          • ECM Main Relay Connector
        • Solderless Terminals And Connectors
        • Electrical Repair Kit IV
          • Notes
          • Cable Stripper
          • Crimping Tool
        • Cable Stripping
        • Crimping
        • Prepackaged Wiring Repair Sets
          • Notes
          • Soldering Connections
          • Soldering Preparation and Procedure
        • Breakout Boxes and "V" Cables
          • Notes
          • 55 pin Breakout Box P/N 81 12 9 425 091
          • 83 Pin Breakout Box (Red Face) P/N 90 88 6 614 420
          • 88 Pin Breakout Box (Green Face) P/N 88 88 6 614 410
            • Notes
            • 134 Pin SKE Control Module Breakout Box Set P/N 90 88 6 121 300
            • 26 Pin Breakout Box P/n 88 88 6 611 459
            • 60 Pin Breakout Box P/N 90 88 6 614 390
        • Tester and Adapter Set for Relays
          • Notes
          • "V" Cables
    • Central Body Electronics Overview - Z8
      • Central Body Electronics
        • Vehicle Electrical System
          • Purpose Of The System
          • Control Unit Locations
          • Power And Fuse Layouts
        • ZKE V
          • Purpose Of The System
            • Notes
            • System Diagram
              • Central Locking System
              • Door Contact Hall Sensor
              • Fuel Filler Flap Remote Unlock
              • Trunk Remote Unlock
          • Windshield Wiping/Washing System
            • Purpose Of System
            • Wiping Stages Include
            • Windshield/Headlight Washing
            • System Diagram
              • Wipe/Wash
          • Antitheft Warning System
            • Purpose Of The System
          • Anti-Theft Warning System
            • Notes
            • Door Contacts
            • Hood Contact Switch
            • DWA Led
            • Tilt Sensor
            • Alarm Siren
            • DWA Arming/Disarming
            • Emergency Disarming
            • Alarm Indication
            • DWA LED Status
          • Interior Lights
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
              • Door Contacts
              • Interior/Map Light Unit
              • Front Footwell Lights
              • Rear Compartment Lights
              • Door Lighting
              • Night Lights
              • Automatic Control Function
          • Outside Mirror Adjustments
            • Purpose Of The System
          • Remote RF (Keyless) Entry
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
              • FZV Key
              • FZV Key Rechargeable Battery
              • Remote Key Initialization
          • Power Windows
            • Purpose of the System
            • New Style Window Switches
            • Power Window Motors
            • Window Motor Limit Stop Function
          • Electronic Steering Lock (ELV)
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
            • System Diagram
              • ELV Block Diagram
            • System Operation
            • ELV Link Diagram
            • Electrically Adjustable Steering Column
          • Multiple Restrain System - MRS III
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Component
              • MRS III Control Module
              • Satellite Sensors
              • Driver's Front Air Bag
              • Passenger's Front Air Bag
              • Side Air Bags (Thorax)
            • System Operation
              • Notes
              • Triggering Thresholds - Two Stage Air Bags
              • Triggering Threshold - Side Air Bags
              • Triggering Threshold - Belt Tensioner
              • Triggering Threshold - Battery Safety Terminal
              • Triggering Threshold - Fuel Pump Shut Down
            • System Diagram
            • Diagnosis
            • System Components
          • Light Technology
            • Purpose Of The System
            • Operating Data
              • Notes
              • Rear Direction Indicators
            • Neon Technology
              • Background
              • Neon Benefits
              • Side Direction Indicator - Fiber Optics
              • Light Control Module - LCM
              • Xenon Lights
              • Xenon High Intensity Discharge Bulbs
            • Phases Of Bulb Operation
              • Notes
              • Functional Description
              • Xenon Bulb Monitoring
              • Diagnosis
              • Xenon Headlight Testing
              • Headlight Beam Throw Control - LRA
              • Control Module
          • Multi-Information Radio System (MIR)
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
    • CIP Programming - Overview
      • CIP Programming
        • CIP Programming Screens
    • Connector End Views (E52)
      • Connector List
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X10054 Connector End View
        • Light Module X10117 Connector End View
        • X10135 Component Connector (18-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10138 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10139 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10156 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10170 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1034 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1035 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10403 Component Connector (12-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10404 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10406 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10407 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10408 Component Connector (26-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10409 Component Connector (8-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10410 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10411 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10412 Connector End View
        • X10414 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10415 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10416 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10417 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10433 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10434 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10437 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Supplemental Restraint System Control Module X1081 Connector End View
        • X1110 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11175 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11176 Connector End View
        • X11197 In -line Connector (20 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X11385 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1213 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1222 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1242 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X12600 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X128 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1292 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1295 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13045 Component Connector (6-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1312 Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1313 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13157 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13159 Connector End View
        • X13251 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13293 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X137 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1404 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1582 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1601 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1603 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X161 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1653 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1654 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1658 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Electronic Drive-Away Protection Control Unit (EWS) X1659 Connector End View
        • X1714 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X17141 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1740 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1741 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1764 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1765 In -line Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1770 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Orange) Connector End View
        • X1795 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1796 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1797 Component Connector (4-Pin, Gray) Connector End View
        • X18032 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18093 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18126 Connector End View
        • X18180 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18196 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18198 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18246 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18259 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • ABS/DSC Control Module X18303 Connector End View
        • X18363 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18364 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18805 Connector End View
        • X1885 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X1886 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X18994 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X19527 In-Line Connector (16-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X19562 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1963 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X253 Connector End View
        • General Module X254 Connector End View
        • X275 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X279 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X292 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X295 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X310 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X311 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X316 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X317 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X32 Component Connector (10-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X322 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X33 Component Connector (11 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X332 Connector End View
        • X333 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X3372 Connector End View
        • DWS Control Unit X3613 Connector End View
        • X3614 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Light Module X38 Connector End View
        • X386 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Transceiver/Charging Electronics X4039 Connector End View
        • X503 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X504 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X5108 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X516 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X517 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X521 Component Connector (6-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X522 Component Connector (3 -Pin, White) Connector End View
        • X541 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X542 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X56 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 4 X60004 Connector End View
        • X6011 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • Hifi-Amplifier (Hifi) X606 Connector End View
        • X61 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X624 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X625 Connector End View
        • X6304 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6324 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X638 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X651 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6514 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X658 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X72 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X73 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X742 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X745 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X747 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X748 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X78 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X782 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X79 In-Line Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X8588 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X9002 Component Connector (26-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X9008 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X9115 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Headlight Widening Control Module X991 Connector End View
        • X9945 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X611 Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X613 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 1 X60001 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 2 X60002 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 3 X60003 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 5 X60005 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X01150 Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X01008 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X13321 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X01037 Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X623 Connector End View
    • DVOM - Overview
      • The DVOM
        • Notes
        • Introducing The DVOM
        • Choosing A DVOM
        • The Functions
          • Function Selector Rotary Switch
        • Push Button Functions
        • Input Terminals
        • Display
        • Infinity Display
        • Voltage Testing
        • Amperage Testing
        • Resistance Testing
        • Continuity Testing
        • Voltage Drop Testing
    • Electric Signals - Overview
      • Electronic Signals
        • Notes
        • Purpose of Signals
        • AC Voltage Signals
        • Inductive Sensors
        • Angle Pulse Generator
        • DC Voltage Signals
        • Analog Signals
        • NTC Sensors
          • Notes
          • Examples Of NTC Sensors
            • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
            • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • PTC Sensor
          • Notes
          • Example of PTC Sensor
        • Potentiometers
        • Digital Signals
        • Switched B+ Signal
        • Switched B- Signal
        • Modulated Square Wave
          • Notes
          • Frequency
          • Pulse Width
          • Duty Cycle
        • Hall-Effect Sensors
          • Notes
          • Examples of Hall Effect Sensors
            • Motor Position Hall Sensors
            • Wheel Speed Hall Effect Sensors
        • Magnetoresistive Sensors
        • Designated Value Signals
          • Notes
          • Coded Ground Signals
        • Transistor Function
          • Notes
          • Modulated, Momentary, Constant B- as Input/Output
          • Momentary/Constant B as an Input/Output Signal
          • Constant B-/B+ To Energize a Component
            • Constant B-
            • Constant B+
          • Modulated B-/B+ To Operate A Component
            • Modulated B-
            • Modulated B+
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Operating Fluids - Electrical System
      • 1.0 Battery
      • 2.0 Sealant/Super Glue/Contact Cleaner
        • Sealant
        • Super Glue
      • 3.0 Electrical Contact Enhancer and Contact Cleaner
        • Electrical Contact/Connector Grease
        • Electrical Contact Enhancer
        • Contact Cleaner Spray
  • Charging Systems
    • Battery - Overview
      • The Battery
        • Notes
        • Battery Construction
          • Notes
          • Battery Case
          • The Grids
          • The Plates
          • The Separators
          • Elements
          • Electrolyte
          • The Lead Terminals
        • Battery Types
          • Notes
          • Lead-Acid Battery
          • Lead/Calcium Battery
          • Hybrid Battery
        • How The Battery Works
          • Discharging
          • Charging
        • Common Battery Terms
        • Battery Testing
          • Notes
          • Tools Needed
          • Inspection
          • Removal of Surface Charge
          • State-of-Charge Test
          • Load Test
        • Battery Maintenance
          • Electrolyte Level
          • Battery Cable Connections
          • Battery Charging
          • Sulfated Batteries
            • Notes
            • Testing A Battery for Sulphation
          • Battery Freezing
          • Battery Maintenance (Center Vehicles)
            • Notes
            • Vehicle In Storage, Battery Disconnect Switch Removed
            • Vehicle In Showroom or Display
            • Vehicle In Storage, Battery Disconnect Switch Left In The Vehicle.
            • Battery Maintenance Flowchart
        • Battery Replacement
          • Notes
          • Battery Failures
            • Notes
            • Most Common Causes of Premature Battery Failures
          • Workshop Hints
            • Safety Tips
            • General Battery Hints
        • Special Battery Systems
          • Notes
          • Vibration Compensating Battery Systems
            • Notes
            • E36:
            • E46:
          • Dual Battery Systems
            • E31 (850i):
            • E38 750iL:
            • Components of E38 Dual Battery System
          • Battery Isolation Switch
            • Notes
            • Starting Mode
            • Driving Mode
            • Charging Mode (in the workshop)
            • Sleep Mode
        • Closed Circuit Current Draw Testing
          • Notes
          • Performing Closed Current Draw Test
    • Charging Systems - Overview
      • Charging Systems
        • Notes
        • Purpose of The Charging System
        • System Components
          • Battery
          • Generator
        • Brush Type Generators
          • Notes
          • Generator Housing
          • Stator Assembly
          • Rotor Assembly
        • Brushless Type Generators
          • Notes
          • Generator Housing Water Cooled
          • Stator Assembly
          • Rotor Assembly
          • Rectifier Assembly
          • Drive Belt
        • Voltage Regulator
          • Notes
          • Standard Regulator
          • Multifunction Controller
          • Charge Indicator
          • Ignition Switch
          • Cables and Wiring Harness
        • Charging System Principle of Operation
        • Single-Phase AC Voltage Generation
        • Three-Phase AC Voltage Generation
        • Voltage Rectification
        • Three-Phase Voltage Regulation
          • Notes
          • Voltage Regulation
            • Standard Regulator
            • Multifunction Controller
        • Charge System Indicator
          • Standard Regulator
          • Multifunction Controller
        • Generator Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Testing Generator With DISplus
          • Testing Generator Using Test Plan
          • Testing Generator Using Measurement System
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Generators & Regulators
      • Description
      • Testing
        • Generator & Regulator Switch (Single Function Regulator)
        • Generator & Regulator Switch (MULTIFUNCTION Regulator)
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Fan Clutch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Generator
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Generator Belt Pulley
          • Removal & Installation
        • Generator Drive Belt
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Voltage Regulator (BOSCH)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Voltage Regulator (VALEO)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Fuse Assignment Symbol Definitions
      • Fuse Symbols
  • Gauges
    • Body Equipment - Repair Instructions
      • General
        • 51 00 ... Safety instructions for working on cars with airbag systems
      • Front Bumper
        • 51 11 000 Removing and installing complete front bumper
        • 51 11 001 Replacing front bumper
        • 51 11 158 Replacing baseplate for license plate
        • 51 11 180 Removing and installing/replacing grille for bumper trim
        • 51 11 701 Replacing left or right bracket for front bumper
        • 51 11 794 Replacing a shock absorber (impact absorber) for front bumper
      • Rear Bumper
        • 51 12 000 Removing and installing complete rear bumper
        • 51 12 001 Replacing rear bumper
        • 51 12 160 Removing and installing/replacing rear lower bumper trim
        • 51 12 742 Replacing a shock (impact) absorber for rear bumper
        • 51 12 801 Replacing bracket for rear bumper at left or right
      • Trim, Covers, Handle
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 13 040 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front radiator grill
        • 51 13 050 Removing and installing/replacing left or right front trim ring
      • Mirrors - Covers - Ashtray
        • 51 16 ... Cementing of mirror base
        • 51 16 ... Replacing left or right outside mirror housing
        • 51 16 000 Removing and installing/replacing mirror on left or right front door
        • 51 16 026 Replacing mirror glass for rear-view mirror (on front door)
        • 51 16 060 Removing and installing or replacing interior rearview mirror.
        • 51 16 104 Removing and installing/replacing left or right sun visor
        • 51 16 200 Removing and installing center console
        • 51 16 211 Removing and installing/replacing finisher for storage tray
        • 51 16 212 Removing and installing trim for center console
        • 51 16 213 Replacing trim for center console
        • 51 16 240 Removing and installing rear storage compartment
        • 51 16 366 Removing and installing right glovebox with housing
      • Lids
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front Door Locks, Handles
        • 51 21 004 Adjusting front left or right door detent (lock wedge)
        • 51 21 090 Removing and installing/replacing door lock in left or right front door
        • 51 21 140 Removing and installing/replacing complete lock cylinder
        • 51 21 170 Removing and installing or replacing outside handle from left or right front door
        • 51 21 180 Removing and installing/replacing cover on outside handle
        • 51 21 181 Removing and installing cover on outside handle with locking cylinder
        • 51 21 200 Removing and installing/replacing outside handle and lock actuation of left or right front door
        • 51 21 330 Removing and installing/replacing window cavity cover strip on inner front door
        • 51 21 225 Removing and installing/replacing inner door opener on left or right front door
      • Hood Latch Locks
        • 51 23 265 Removing and installing/replacing left or right gas strut for engine bonnet/hood
      • Front And Rear Window
        • 51 31 ... Instructions for repairing stone-chipped laminated safety glass windscreens (clear and tinted)
          • Notes
          • General:
        • 51 31 ... Instructions on gluing windscreen
        • 51 31 ... Removing windscreen with "Roll Out 2000"
        • 51 31 000 Removing and installing/replacing windscreen
        • 51 31 015 Repairing damage to windscreens caused by pitting (stone chips) (clear and tinted laminated safety glass)
        • 54 21 ... Notes on rear window cementing (hard top)
      • Front Manually Operated Windows
        • 51 32 154 Adjusting left or right front door window
        • 51 32 155 Adjusting end stop for front left or right door window glass
        • 51 32 170 Removing and installing/replacing door window glass, front left or right
      • Front Electrically Operated Window
        • 51 33 000 Removing and installing power window regulator in left or right front door
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • 51 41 000 Removing and installing left or right front door trim panel
        • 51 41 001 Replacing front left or right door trim
        • 51 41 017 Removing and installing/replacing cover on door handle, front left or right
        • 51 41 019 Removing and installing/replacing door handle on door trim panel, front left or right
      • Side Covering With Arm
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 43 075 Removing and installing/replacing side trim panel, footwell, on A-pillar, right
        • 51 43 201 Removing and installing or replacing trim for front left or right roof
      • Roof Trim Panel
        • 51 44 150 Removing and installing/replacing trim for headliner at front (cowl at top)
      • Instrument Cluster Trim
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing trim panel for speaker on left
        • 51 45 ... Removing and installing/replacing left knee protection
        • 51 45 030 Removing and installing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 031 Replacing trim for instrument panel (lower section)
        • 51 45 050 Removing and installing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 051 Replacing trim for upper section of instrument panel
        • 51 45 130 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on left
        • 51 45 135 Removing and installing/replacing speaker cover on right
        • 51 45 185 Removing and installing/replacing trim for pedal assembly
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
      • Floor - Lugg. Comp. - Engine Comp.
        • 51 43 015 Removing and installing/replacing rear left or right side trim panel
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for convertible top compartment at top
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 ... Removing and installing/replacing trim on panel for rollover protection on left or right
        • 51 47 000 Removing and installing/replacing left or right entrance cover strip
        • 51 47 065 Removing and installing/replacing finishing strip at front left or right entrance
        • 51 47 080 Removing and installing/replacing trim on B-pillar on left or right
        • 51 47 101 Removing and installing/replacing luggage compartment floor trim panel
        • 51 47 140 Removing and installing/replacing panel for trunk separating wall
        • 51 47 151 Removing and installing/replacing left (or right) trunk wheel arch trim (bottom)
        • 51 47 210 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on left side panel
        • 51 47 220 Removing and installing/replacing trunk trim panel on right side panel
      • Front Lid Insulation
        • 51 48 ... Removing and installing/replacing acoustic insulation on left or right front door
      • Loose Body Parts
        • 51 13 ... Removing and installing/replacing soundproofing in firewall (top)
        • 51 71 ... Removing and installing/replacing top air duct
        • 51 71 040 Removing and installing/replacing front left or right wheel arch cover
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on left
        • 51 71 080 Removing and installing/replacing partition wall for equipment compartment on right
    • Body Equipment - Special Tools - Z8
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • Body Equipment - Tightening Torques
      • Mirrors, Cover, Ashtrays
        • Mirrors, Finishers, Ashtrays, Consoles
      • Front Door Locks Handle
        • Front Door Locks
      • Loose Body Parts
        • Seals and Loose Body Parts
    • Communication Systems - Repair Instructions
      • Transceiver, Hand Set
        • 84 11 510 Removing and installing/replacing eject box
        • 84 11 530 Removing and installing/replacing interface for D-Network car phone
        • 84 11 550 Removing and installing/replacing handsfree microphone
        • 84 21 520 Removing and installing/replacing line compensator (cellular phone)
        • 84 21 540 Removing and installing/replacing control unit for hands-free facility
      • Handheld Computer
        • 84 21 520 Removing and installing/replacing line compensator (cellular phone)
        • 84 21 540 Removing and installing/replacing control unit for hands-free facility
      • Antenna
        • 84 50 010 Removing and installing/replacing telephone antenna
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
    • Instruments - Repair Instructions
      • Instrument Cluster
        • 62 11 090 Removing and installing/replacing remote thermometer (temperature gauge)
        • 62 11 100 Removing and installing/replacing speedometer
        • 62 11 110 Removing and installing/replacing revcounter/clock
        • 62 11 130 Removing and installing/replacing fuel gauge
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, left)
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, right)
        • 62 14 140 Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, middle)
      • Instrument Carrier
        • 51 45 265 Replacing instrument cluster trim panel
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 62 11 090 Removing and installing/replacing remote thermometer (temperature gauge)
        • 62 11 100 Removing and installing/replacing speedometer
        • 62 11 110 Removing and installing/replacing revcounter/clock
        • 62 11 130 Removing and installing/replacing fuel gauge
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, left)
        • 62 14 ... Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, right)
        • 62 14 140 Removing and installing/replacing indicator lamp (in instrument cluster, middle)
        • 62 21 000 Removing and installing entire instrument cluster
    • Interior Features - ZZ4
      • Interior Features
        • Center Console
          • Purpose of the System
          • System Components
          • Seats
          • Doors
          • Secure Storage
          • Instrument Cluster
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
            • Instruments, Indicators and Displays
              • Speedometer
              • Tachometer
              • Clock
              • Fuel Gauge
              • Coolant Temperature Gauge
              • Coolant Overheat Warning
              • Service Interval Display (SIA4)
              • Total Distance and Trip Odometer
              • Ambient Temperature
              • Instrument Light Dimming
            • Warning and Indicator Lights
              • Notes
              • General Brake Warning Light
              • Seat Belt Indicator Light
              • Indicator Lights
              • Charge Indicator Light
              • Oil Light
              • ABS Indicator Light
              • SRS Indicator Light
              • Service Engine Soon Light
              • Warning Light for Automatic Stability Control (DSC)
              • Warning Light for Tire Pressure Warning (DWS)
              • Brake Lining Warning Light (BBV)
              • Convertible Top Warning Light
              • Lights On Warning
              • Ignition Key Warning
              • Acoustic Cycle for Direction Indicators
              • Sound (Gong)
          • System Operation
            • Test Functions
            • Notes
            • Air Distribution
            • Flap setting
            • Auxiliary Water Pump
            • Temperature Control
            • Air Conditioning
            • Idle Speed Compensation
            • Filling Station Effect
            • Characteristic Map Cooling
            • Defroster Function
            • Rear Window Defogger
            • Program Selector Switch for Recirculated Air, Outside Air, A/C Functions
            • Filters
            • Auxiliary Fan
            • K-bus Interface
            • Heater/Air Conditioner Housing
            • Diagnosis
          • Workshop Hints
            • Replacing the IKE
          • IHKS - Heating and Air Conditioning
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
            • IHKS Control Panel
            • Control Panel - Connections
            • Blower Setting
    • On Board Monitor And Navigation Systems - Overview - E38, Ee39, E46, E52, E65 & E85
      • On Board Monitor and Navigation Systems
        • Notes
        • Navigation Systems
          • Notes
          • DVD Navigation
        • Components
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor/Display
            • Notes
            • E46 On Board Monitor Display (MK-II)
            • On Board Monitor Assembly
          • Navigation Computer
            • Notes
            • Mark I Navigation Computer
            • Mark II Navigation Computer
            • Mark III Navigation Computer
          • Video Module (Mk-I Only)
          • Magnetic Field Sensor (Mk-I Only)
            • Notes
            • Sensor Operation
          • GPS Antenna
          • GPS Antenna Locations
          • GPS Receiver Module
          • Gyro Sensor (Mk-II And III)
            • Notes
            • Gyro Sensor Operation
          • Navigation System Interfaces
            • GPS Input Signal
            • Wheel Speed Sensor Input
            • Reverse Gear Signal
            • Rear Window "Defroster ON" Signal (Mark I Only)
            • ARCNET (Mark I Only)
          • RGB
          • Bus Network
          • Mark I Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II Navigation Bus Network Overview
          • Mark II (E46) Navigation Bus Network Overview
        • Navigation System Operation
          • Notes
          • Graphical Map Scale
          • Graphical Map Positioning
          • GPS Indication
          • Navigation System Information Screen
            • Notes
            • Vehicle Position
        • Workshop Hints
          • Mark I Navigation System Calibration
          • Vehicle Owner Calibration
            • Notes
            • 1. Resetting Vehicle Position
            • 2. Adjusting Tire Size
            • Tire Circumference Measurement
          • Precision Adjustment
          • Dealership Calibration
            • Notes
            • Tools Needed For Dealership Calibration
          • Calibration Procedures
          • 1. Setting Of Car Parameters
          • Aftermarket Wheels Or Suspension Modifications
          • 2. Sensor Test
          • 3. Wheel Sensor
          • 4. Compass (Magnetic Field Sensor Calibration)
            • Notes
            • Compass Step 1
            • Preferred Method- CIRCLE
            • Alternate Method - BLOCK
            • Compass Step 2
            • Preferred Method - Digitized Address
            • Last Method - Angle
            • Compass Step 3 - Rear Window Defroster Compensation
            • Finish Calibration
          • Mark I Diagnosis And Troubleshooting
          • Navigation Computer Flash Codes
          • Mark II Navigation System Diagnostic Mode Displays
          • Mark II Navigation System Calibration
          • E46 Mark II Board Monitor And Navigation Service Mode Displays
          • Replacing The Mk-3 Navigation Computer
          • Service Mode
          • Diagnosis
            • Notes
            • Service Mode Menu Chart (Sensor Check)
            • Service Mode Diagnostic Explanations
          • Navigation System Software
          • Checking Software Version
            • Mk-I Systems
            • Mk-II Systems
            • MK III Systems
            • DVD Navigation System For I-Bus Vehicles
        • On Board Monitor System
          • Notes
          • On Board Monitor And Controls And Indicators
            • Audio System
          • On Board Monitor Functions
            • Notes
            • On Board Computer
            • GPS Navigation
            • Telephone
            • Code Function
            • Set Screen
            • Digital Sound Processor (DSP)
            • Auxiliary Ventilation
            • Emergency
            • Monitor OFF
          • Mark II On Board Functions
            • Notes
            • Automatic Date/Time Display
          • Navigation Computer Removal
  • Horns
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Breakout Boxes & Connectors - Overview
      • Breakout Boxes and Connectors
        • Notes
        • Connector Contact Kit
          • Connector Contact Removal Kit
          • Socket and Spring Contacts
          • Instrument Cluster Illumination Bulb Holder Removal Socket
          • Relay Holder Disengaging Tool
          • Circular Connector Lock Disengager
        • BMW Plug System Abbreviations
        • Plug System D1.5/D2.5
          • Circular Plug 7--8 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular plug 13 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular Plug 20 Pin System D2.5
          • Circular Plug 4-7-10-12-25 Pin System D1.5/D2.5
          • In-line Plug 15 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 8-, 12 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 20 Pin System D2.5
          • In-line Plug 30 Pin System D2.5
        • Plug System JPT/MDK/DFK
          • In-line plug 2 Pin System JPT ELA
          • In-line plug 2 Pin System MDK 3 plus 2.8
          • In-line plug 4 Pin System DFK ELA
        • Plug System Elo/Elo Power
          • In-line Plug 3-,6 Pin System Elo-Power 2.8
          • In-line plug 4-,10 Pin System Elo
          • In-line Plug 6-,50 Pin System Elo
        • Plug System MQS/MPQ
          • In-line Plug 6-,8 Pin System MQS
          • In-line Plug 2 Pin System MPQ 2.8
          • Control Unit Plug 25-, 35-, 55-,83-,88 Pin
          • In-line Plug 24 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
            • Notes
            • Socket Housing
          • Pin Housing
          • Socket Housing 42-,43 Pin Hybrid Systems MQS/MPQ
          • Socket Housing 2x27-, 2x27 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ, Elo/Elo Power
          • In-line Plug 30 Pin Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
          • Socket Housing
          • Socket Housing 5-, 8 Pin System MQS/MPQ
          • Socket housing 5 pin (Hybrid System MQS/MPQ)
          • Socket Housing 8 Pin (MQS)
          • Socket Housing (Radio Plug) Hybrid system MQS/MPS
          • Removing MPQ contacts from radio plug:
          • Removing MQS contacts from carrier
          • Removing MPQ contacts from contact carrier
        • Miscellaneous Connectors
          • Fuse Strip
          • ECM Main Relay Connector
        • Solderless Terminals And Connectors
        • Electrical Repair Kit IV
          • Notes
          • Cable Stripper
          • Crimping Tool
        • Cable Stripping
        • Crimping
        • Prepackaged Wiring Repair Sets
          • Notes
          • Soldering Connections
          • Soldering Preparation and Procedure
        • Breakout Boxes and "V" Cables
          • Notes
          • 55 pin Breakout Box P/N 81 12 9 425 091
          • 83 Pin Breakout Box (Red Face) P/N 90 88 6 614 420
          • 88 Pin Breakout Box (Green Face) P/N 88 88 6 614 410
            • Notes
            • 134 Pin SKE Control Module Breakout Box Set P/N 90 88 6 121 300
            • 26 Pin Breakout Box P/n 88 88 6 611 459
            • 60 Pin Breakout Box P/N 90 88 6 614 390
        • Tester and Adapter Set for Relays
          • Notes
          • "V" Cables
    • Central Body Electronics Overview - Z8
      • Central Body Electronics
        • Vehicle Electrical System
          • Purpose Of The System
          • Control Unit Locations
          • Power And Fuse Layouts
        • ZKE V
          • Purpose Of The System
            • Notes
            • System Diagram
              • Central Locking System
              • Door Contact Hall Sensor
              • Fuel Filler Flap Remote Unlock
              • Trunk Remote Unlock
          • Windshield Wiping/Washing System
            • Purpose Of System
            • Wiping Stages Include
            • Windshield/Headlight Washing
            • System Diagram
              • Wipe/Wash
          • Antitheft Warning System
            • Purpose Of The System
          • Anti-Theft Warning System
            • Notes
            • Door Contacts
            • Hood Contact Switch
            • DWA Led
            • Tilt Sensor
            • Alarm Siren
            • DWA Arming/Disarming
            • Emergency Disarming
            • Alarm Indication
            • DWA LED Status
          • Interior Lights
            • Purpose of the System
            • System Components
              • Door Contacts
              • Interior/Map Light Unit
              • Front Footwell Lights
              • Rear Compartment Lights
              • Door Lighting
              • Night Lights
              • Automatic Control Function
          • Outside Mirror Adjustments
            • Purpose Of The System
          • Remote RF (Keyless) Entry
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
              • FZV Key
              • FZV Key Rechargeable Battery
              • Remote Key Initialization
          • Power Windows
            • Purpose of the System
            • New Style Window Switches
            • Power Window Motors
            • Window Motor Limit Stop Function
          • Electronic Steering Lock (ELV)
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
            • System Diagram
              • ELV Block Diagram
            • System Operation
            • ELV Link Diagram
            • Electrically Adjustable Steering Column
          • Multiple Restrain System - MRS III
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Component
              • MRS III Control Module
              • Satellite Sensors
              • Driver's Front Air Bag
              • Passenger's Front Air Bag
              • Side Air Bags (Thorax)
            • System Operation
              • Notes
              • Triggering Thresholds - Two Stage Air Bags
              • Triggering Threshold - Side Air Bags
              • Triggering Threshold - Belt Tensioner
              • Triggering Threshold - Battery Safety Terminal
              • Triggering Threshold - Fuel Pump Shut Down
            • System Diagram
            • Diagnosis
            • System Components
          • Light Technology
            • Purpose Of The System
            • Operating Data
              • Notes
              • Rear Direction Indicators
            • Neon Technology
              • Background
              • Neon Benefits
              • Side Direction Indicator - Fiber Optics
              • Light Control Module - LCM
              • Xenon Lights
              • Xenon High Intensity Discharge Bulbs
            • Phases Of Bulb Operation
              • Notes
              • Functional Description
              • Xenon Bulb Monitoring
              • Diagnosis
              • Xenon Headlight Testing
              • Headlight Beam Throw Control - LRA
              • Control Module
          • Multi-Information Radio System (MIR)
            • Purpose Of The System
            • System Components
    • CIP Programming - Overview
      • CIP Programming
        • CIP Programming Screens
    • Connector End Views (E52)
      • Connector List
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X10054 Connector End View
        • Light Module X10117 Connector End View
        • X10135 Component Connector (18-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10138 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10139 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10156 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10170 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1034 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1035 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10403 Component Connector (12-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10404 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10406 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10407 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10408 Component Connector (26-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10409 Component Connector (8-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10410 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10411 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10412 Connector End View
        • X10414 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10415 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10416 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10417 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10433 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10434 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10437 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Supplemental Restraint System Control Module X1081 Connector End View
        • X1110 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11175 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11176 Connector End View
        • X11197 In -line Connector (20 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X11385 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1213 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1222 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1242 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X12600 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X128 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1292 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1295 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13045 Component Connector (6-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1312 Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1313 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13157 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13159 Connector End View
        • X13251 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13293 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X137 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1404 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1582 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1601 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1603 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X161 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1653 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1654 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1658 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Electronic Drive-Away Protection Control Unit (EWS) X1659 Connector End View
        • X1714 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X17141 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1740 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1741 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1764 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1765 In -line Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1770 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Orange) Connector End View
        • X1795 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1796 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1797 Component Connector (4-Pin, Gray) Connector End View
        • X18032 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18093 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18126 Connector End View
        • X18180 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18196 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18198 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18246 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18259 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • ABS/DSC Control Module X18303 Connector End View
        • X18363 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18364 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18805 Connector End View
        • X1885 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X1886 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X18994 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X19527 In-Line Connector (16-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X19562 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1963 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X253 Connector End View
        • General Module X254 Connector End View
        • X275 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X279 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X292 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X295 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X310 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X311 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X316 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X317 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X32 Component Connector (10-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X322 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X33 Component Connector (11 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X332 Connector End View
        • X333 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X3372 Connector End View
        • DWS Control Unit X3613 Connector End View
        • X3614 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Light Module X38 Connector End View
        • X386 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Transceiver/Charging Electronics X4039 Connector End View
        • X503 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X504 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X5108 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X516 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X517 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X521 Component Connector (6-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X522 Component Connector (3 -Pin, White) Connector End View
        • X541 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X542 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X56 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 4 X60004 Connector End View
        • X6011 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • Hifi-Amplifier (Hifi) X606 Connector End View
        • X61 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X624 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X625 Connector End View
        • X6304 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6324 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X638 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X651 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6514 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X658 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X72 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X73 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X742 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X745 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X747 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X748 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X78 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X782 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X79 In-Line Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X8588 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X9002 Component Connector (26-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X9008 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X9115 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Headlight Widening Control Module X991 Connector End View
        • X9945 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X611 Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X613 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 1 X60001 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 2 X60002 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 3 X60003 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 5 X60005 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X01150 Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X01008 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X13321 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X01037 Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X623 Connector End View
    • DVOM - Overview
      • The DVOM
        • Notes
        • Introducing The DVOM
        • Choosing A DVOM
        • The Functions
          • Function Selector Rotary Switch
        • Push Button Functions
        • Input Terminals
        • Display
        • Infinity Display
        • Voltage Testing
        • Amperage Testing
        • Resistance Testing
        • Continuity Testing
        • Voltage Drop Testing
    • Electric Signals - Overview
      • Electronic Signals
        • Notes
        • Purpose of Signals
        • AC Voltage Signals
        • Inductive Sensors
        • Angle Pulse Generator
        • DC Voltage Signals
        • Analog Signals
        • NTC Sensors
          • Notes
          • Examples Of NTC Sensors
            • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
            • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • PTC Sensor
          • Notes
          • Example of PTC Sensor
        • Potentiometers
        • Digital Signals
        • Switched B+ Signal
        • Switched B- Signal
        • Modulated Square Wave
          • Notes
          • Frequency
          • Pulse Width
          • Duty Cycle
        • Hall-Effect Sensors
          • Notes
          • Examples of Hall Effect Sensors
            • Motor Position Hall Sensors
            • Wheel Speed Hall Effect Sensors
        • Magnetoresistive Sensors
        • Designated Value Signals
          • Notes
          • Coded Ground Signals
        • Transistor Function
          • Notes
          • Modulated, Momentary, Constant B- as Input/Output
          • Momentary/Constant B as an Input/Output Signal
          • Constant B-/B+ To Energize a Component
            • Constant B-
            • Constant B+
          • Modulated B-/B+ To Operate A Component
            • Modulated B-
            • Modulated B+
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
    • Operating Fluids - Electrical System
      • 1.0 Battery
      • 2.0 Sealant/Super Glue/Contact Cleaner
        • Sealant
        • Super Glue
      • 3.0 Electrical Contact Enhancer and Contact Cleaner
        • Electrical Contact/Connector Grease
        • Electrical Contact Enhancer
        • Contact Cleaner Spray
  • Starter
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
    • Starter
      • Description
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Solenoid Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Starting Systems - Overview
      • Starting Systems
        • Notes
        • Purpose of Starting System
        • System Components
          • Battery
          • Ignition Switch
          • Starter Motor Assembly
          • Electric Starter Motor
          • Armature
          • Field Coils
          • Electromagnetic
          • Permanent
          • Brushes
          • Solenoid
          • Pinion Engaging Drive
        • Starter Drives
          • Conventional Drive
          • Gear Reduction Drive
        • Overrunning Clutch
          • Notes
          • EWS
          • Starter Safety Switch
          • Cable and Wiring Harness
        • Principle of Operation
          • Electric Starter Motor
        • Motor Windings
          • Notes
          • Shunt Wound Motors
          • Series Wound Motors
          • Compound Wound Motors
          • Permanent Magnet Motors
        • Solenoid
          • Notes
          • Pinion Drive
          • Phases of Starter Operation
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • Connector End Views (E52)
      • Connector List
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X10054 Connector End View
        • Light Module X10117 Connector End View
        • X10135 Component Connector (18-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10138 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10139 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10156 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10170 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1034 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1035 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10403 Component Connector (12-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10404 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10406 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10407 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10408 Component Connector (26-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10409 Component Connector (8-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10410 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10411 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X10412 Connector End View
        • X10414 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10415 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10416 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10417 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10433 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X10434 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X10437 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Supplemental Restraint System Control Module X1081 Connector End View
        • X1110 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11175 Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster X11176 Connector End View
        • X11197 In -line Connector (20 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X11385 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1213 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1222 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1242 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X12600 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X128 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1292 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1295 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13045 Component Connector (6-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1312 Connector End View
        • Navigation Control Module X1313 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13157 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X13159 Connector End View
        • X13251 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X13293 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X137 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1404 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1582 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1601 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1603 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X161 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1653 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1654 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1658 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Electronic Drive-Away Protection Control Unit (EWS) X1659 Connector End View
        • X1714 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X17141 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1740 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1741 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X1764 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1765 In -line Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X1770 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Orange) Connector End View
        • X1795 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1796 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X1797 Component Connector (4-Pin, Gray) Connector End View
        • X18032 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18093 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18126 Connector End View
        • X18180 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18196 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18198 In-Line Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X18246 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18259 Component Connector (10 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • ABS/DSC Control Module X18303 Connector End View
        • X18363 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X18364 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X18805 Connector End View
        • X1885 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X1886 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Green) Connector End View
        • X18994 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X19527 In-Line Connector (16-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X19562 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X1963 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X253 Connector End View
        • General Module X254 Connector End View
        • X275 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X279 In-Line Connector (25 -Pin, Yellow) Connector End View
        • X292 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X295 Component Connector (10-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X310 In-Line Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X311 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X316 Component Connector (4-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X317 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X32 Component Connector (10-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X322 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X33 Component Connector (11 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • General Module X332 Connector End View
        • X333 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X3372 Connector End View
        • DWS Control Unit X3613 Connector End View
        • X3614 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Light Module X38 Connector End View
        • X386 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • Transceiver/Charging Electronics X4039 Connector End View
        • X503 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X504 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X5108 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X516 Component Connector (4-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X517 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X521 Component Connector (6-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X522 Component Connector (3 -Pin, White) Connector End View
        • X541 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X542 Component Connector (3 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X56 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 4 X60004 Connector End View
        • X6011 In-Line Connector (12 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • Hifi-Amplifier (Hifi) X606 Connector End View
        • X61 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X624 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X625 Connector End View
        • X6304 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6324 Component Connector (9 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X638 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X651 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X6514 Component Connector (4-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X658 Component Connector (5-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X72 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X73 Component Connector (6 -Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X742 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X745 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X747 Component Connector (8-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X748 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X78 Component Connector (4 -Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X782 Component Connector (6-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X79 In-Line Connector (4 -Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • X8588 Component Connector (3-Pin, Bordeaux) Connector End View
        • X9002 Component Connector (26-Pin, Blue) Connector End View
        • X9008 Component Connector (3-Pin, Natural) Connector End View
        • X9115 Component Connector (3-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Headlight Widening Control Module X991 Connector End View
        • X9945 Component Connector (18-Pin, Black) Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X611 Connector End View
        • Heating And A/C Control Module X613 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 1 X60001 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 2 X60002 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 3 X60003 Connector End View
        • Engine Control Module (DME) Moduel 5 X60005 Connector End View
        • Convertible Soft Top Control Unit X01150 Connector End View
        • GPS Receiver X01008 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X13321 Connector End View
        • Radio/Hifi X01037 Connector End View
        • Mirror Adjustment Switch X623 Connector End View
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Cooling System Bleeding
      • Belt Adjustment
      • Drive Belt Routing
      • Cooling System Specifications
  • Cooling Fans
    • Description & Operation
    • System Tests
    • Removal & Installation
      • Cooling Fan
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
      • Top Air Duct
        • Notes
        • Removal & Installation
    • Wiring Diagrams
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System - Repair Instructions
      • Coolant, checking cooling System
        • 17 00 Instructions for working on cooling system
        • 17 00 005 Draining and adding coolant (S62)
        • 17 00 009 Checking cooling system for water leaks
        • 17 00 010 Checking for leaks between cooling system and combustion chamber
        • 17 00 039 Venting cooling system and checking for water leaks (S62)
      • Radiator Expansion
        • 17 00 009 Checking cooling system for water leaks
      • Engine Radiator
        • 17 11 000 Removing and installing radiator (S62)
        • 17 11 031 Replacing fan cowl (S62)
        • 17 11 100 Removing and installing/replacing coolant expansion tank (S62)
        • 17 11 509 Flushing radiator
        • 17 11 530 Removing and installing cassette (condenser for air conditioner)
    • Cooling System - Special Tools
      • 17 0 000 Tester
      • 17 0 100 Tester
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 17 0 130 Set of adapters
    • Cooling System - Technical Data
      • Coolant checking cool
        • 17 00 Coolant, Cooling System Test E52 / S62
        • 17 11 Radiator and Mounting Parts E52 / S62
      • Engine radiator
        • 17 11 Radiator and Mounting Parts E52 / S62
    • Cooling System - Tightening Torques
      • Cooling System Hoses And Components
      • Radiator And Mounting Parts
      • Engine Oil Cooler
      • Oil Cooler And Lines
    • Operating Fluids - Radiator
      • 1.0 General Information On Long-Term Antifreeze And Corrosion Inhibitors
        • Notes
        • Initial Filling in Factory
        • Change Intervals
        • Remarks and Limitations
      • 2.0 Coolant Additives
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Cooling System Bleeding
      • Belt Adjustment
      • Drive Belt Routing
      • Cooling System Specifications
  • Exhaust
    • Exhaust System - Repair Instructions
      • Exhaust System Complete
        • 18 00 020 Removing and installing complete exhaust system (S62)
      • Mufflers Diesel
        • 18 10 031 Replacing final muffle
      • Mufflers Petrol
        • 18 12 061 Replacing center muffler
      • Exhaust Catalytic Converter
        • 18 32 010 Removing and installing/replacing left or right catalytic converter (S62)
    • Exhaust System - Tightening Torques
      • Exhaust System
    • Operating Fluids - Exhaust System
      • 1.0 General Information
  • Fuel System
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
      • Engine Diagnosis
        • Engine Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Compression Testing
          • Cylinder Leakage Testing
            • Notes
            • Workshop Hints on Cylinder Leakage Testing
          • Cylinder Arrangement And Firing Order
          • Ignition System Diagnosis
          • Fuel System Testing
            • Notes
            • Fuel Volume Testing
            • Residual Pressure
              • Notes
              • Fuel System - E32 with M60
              • Fuel System - E39/E46 with M54
              • Fuel System - E60
          • Engine Adaptation Values
          • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
          • Smooth Running Measurement
          • Valvetronic N62
          • N62 Engine Testing
          • MKA Adapter
          • Compression Test N62
            • Notes
            • Manual Compression Test (N62)
          • Rough Running Diagnosis (N62)
    • Fuel Supply System - Repair Instructions
      • Fuel pick-up cleaning
        • 16 00 Fuel supply system E52
          • Notes
          • Fuel system
          • Fuel supply to engine
          • Venting system USA:
          • Venting system worldwide:
          • Leakage detection for tank venting system USA:
          • Determining fill level in fuel tank:
          • 3.3 Service data, fuel system
          • 5. Schematic drawings of fuel supply systems
        • 16 00 General function description for fuel supply systems
        • 16 00 005 Draining and filling fuel tank
        • 16 00 100 Checking fuel tank and tank ventilation system for leaks
        • 16 00 102 Checking fuel tank and tank venting system for leaks with tank leakage diagnosis module (DM-TL)
        • 16 00 510 Conducting leak test on fuel tank and tank ventilation system
        • 16 11 130 Checking filler cap pressure relief valve
      • Fuel tank with mounting
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing leak diagnosis pump (LDP) for tank leak diagnosis module (DM-TL) with grommet seal
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing overflow hose on cover pot
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing partition wall, retaining bracket and wheel arch trim
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing screw cap with rubber seal
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing tank cap with cover pot
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing vent hose from carbon canister to dust filter
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing vent hose from carbon canister to leak diagnosis pump (LDP)
        • 16 11 030 Removing and installing/replacing fuel tank
        • 16 11 060 Removing and installing/replacing fuel filler pipe
        • 16 11 130 Checking filler cap pressure relief valve
      • Fuel transfer sensor
        • 16 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing carbon canister with leak diagnosis pump (LDP)
        • 16 12 001 Removing and installing/replacing fuel level sensor for fuel gauge
        • 16 12 010 Removing and installing / replacing active carbon filter
      • Fuel ventilation
        • 16 14 060 Removing and installing/replacing dust filter with seal grommet
      • Fuel Pump
        • 16 14 010 Removing and installing/replacing fuel pump
        • 16 14 060 Removing and installing/replacing dust filter with seal grommet
    • Fuel Supply System - Service Information
      • Functional Description Of Fuel Supply System
        • Notes
        • General Information
        • 1. Fuel Supply System E38/39
          • Notes
          • 1.2 Functional Description
          • 1.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 2. Fuel Supply System E46
          • Notes
          • 2.2 Functional Description
          • 2.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 3. Fuel Supply System E52
          • Notes
          • 3.2 Functional Description
          • 3.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 4. Fuel Supply System E53
          • Notes
          • 4.2 Functional Description
          • 4.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 5. Fuel Supply System E38/39 Diesel
          • Notes
          • 5.2 Functional Description
          • 5.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 6. Fuel Supply System E46 Diesel
          • Notes
          • 6.2 Functional Description
          • 6.3 Fuel System Operating Data
    • Fuel Supply System - Special Tools
      • 16 1 020 Pin wrench
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
    • Fuel Supply System - Technical Data
      • 16 11 Fuel Tank and Mounting Parts E52
      • Fuel transfer sensor
        • 16 12 Fuel Supply, Fuel Level Sender E52
      • Fuel pump
        • 16 14 Fuel Pump E52
    • Fuel Supply System - Tightening Torques
      • Fuel Tank And Mounting
        • Fuel Tank and Mounting Parts
      • Fuel Transfer Sensor
        • 16 12 Fuel Delivery
      • Fuel Pump
    • Fuel System - Operating Fluids
      • 1.0 Fuels for Gasoline Engines
        • Notes
        • Anti-Knock Properties
        • Boiling Range and Vapor Pressure
        • Specific Gravity
        • Calorific Value
        • Purity, Combustion Deposits
        • Sulfur Content
          • Notes
          • 1.1 Minimum Octane and AKI Ratings for Gasoline Engines
          • 1.2 Summary of Fuel Grade Requirements
      • 2.0 Fuels for Diesel Engines
      • 3.0 Other Fluids
    • Fuel System - Repair Instructions
      • Checking - Setting Engine
        • 13 00 002 Checking function of Digital Engine Electronics (DME)
      • Fuel Pump With Drive
        • 13 31 ... Notes on fuel pressure check (reference pressure: intake manifold pressure)
        • 13 31 029 Checking fuel pump delivery pressure (S62)
      • Fuel Filter
        • 13 32 051 Replacing fuel filter (S62)
      • Speed Governor
        • 13 41 500 Replacing idle speed control valve (S62)
      • Injection pump Regulator
        • 13 51 630 Replacing fuel pressure regulator (S62)
      • Injection Nozzle And Injection Pipe
        • 13 53 240 Replacing complete injection pipe (S62)
        • 13 53 540 Replacing, sealing fuel hoses
      • Throttle And Operation
        • 11 61 056 Replacing sealing flange for left or right intake air manifold (S62)
        • 13 53 240 Replacing complete injection pipe (S62)
        • 13 54 ... Supplementary work for basic throttle setting (S62)
        • 13 54 010 Performing throttle basic setting (S62)
        • 13 54 030 Removing and installing/replacing throttle body (S62)
        • 13 54 250 Replacing intake hose (between air-mass flow sensor and manifold) (S62)
      • Sensor For Control Unit
        • 13 62 560 Removing and installing/replacing air-mass flow sensor (S62)
      • Throttle Potentiometer
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 13 63 590 Replacing fuel pump relay
      • Start Valve
        • 13 64 541 Replacing all fuel injectors (S62)
      • Intake Silencer
        • 13 71 010 Removing and installing left intake filter housing (S62)
        • 13 71 020 Removing and installing right intake filter housing (S62)
      • Air Cleaner
        • 3 72 002 Replacing both air cleaner elements (S62)
      • Carbon Canister Vent
        • 13 90 500 Replacing tank venting valve (S62)
    • Fuel System - Special Tools
      • 13 0 131 Compressed air hose with filter
      • 13 0 132 Adapter
      • 13 0 133 Container
      • 13 3 010 Hose clip
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 3 060 Fixture
      • 13 5 220 Adapter
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 6 050 Set of adapters for BMW DIS
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 6 058 T-piece for 12 mm dia. line
    • Fuel System - Technical Data
      • Injection nozzle and
        • 13 53 Injectors and Lines, Fuel Pressure Regulator S62 B50
      • Throttle and operation
        • 13 54 Injector Valves, Start Valves S62 B 50
    • Fuel System - Tightening Torques
      • Fuel Pump With Drive
        • 13 31 Fuel Pump with Drive and Pipes
      • Fuel Filter
        • 13 32 Fuel Filter
      • Injection Pump Regulator
        • 13 51 Injection Pump, Control Receptacle
      • Throttle And Operation
        • 13 54 Throttle and actuator
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 13 62 Senders for Control Unit
      • Start Valves
        • 13 64 Fuel Injectors
  • Mechanical
    • Basic Measuring Techniques - Overview
      • Basic Measuring Techniques
        • Basic Engine Measurements
          • Notes
          • Vernier Measurement
          • Micrometer Measurements
            • Notes
            • Metric Micrometer Construction
          • Dial Indicator Measurements
            • Notes
            • Examples Of Dial Indicator Measurements
        • Additional Engine Measurements
          • Notes
          • Cylinder Head Measurement
          • Piston Measurements
          • Piston Ring Measurements
          • Cylinder Bore
        • Metric System
          • Notes
          • Metric System Denominations
          • Metric Reference Chart
          • Metric System Conversion Charts
          • Pressure Conversion Chart
    • Engine - Repair Instructions
      • Engine General
        • 00 00 250 BMW engine oil service incl. supplementary service (S62)
        • 11 00 039 Checking compression of all cylinders (M60 / M62 / M73 / S62 / M54)
        • 11 00 045 Checking absolute compression of all cylinders
      • Cylinder head with cover
        • 11 12 004 Removing and installing/sealing both cylinder head covers (S62)
        • 11 12 105 Removing and installing left cylinder head (S62)
        • 11 12 106 Removing and installing right cylinder head (S62)
        • 11 12 110 Replacing left cylinder head gasket (M62 / S62 / N62)
        • 11 12 111 Replacing right cylinder head gasket (M62 / S62 / N62)
        • 11 12 503 Dismantling and reassembling cylinder head (S62)
        • 11 12 517 Removing and installing both cylinder heads (S62)
        • 11 12 527 Remachining a valve seat (M62, S62)
        • 11 12 595 Checking a valve guide for wear (M62, S62)
        • 11 12 600 Reaming a valve guide (M62, S62)
        • 11 12 729 Checking cylinder head for watertightness (S62)
      • Oil Sump
        • 11 13 010 Removing and installing/replacing upper oil sump section (S62)
        • 11 13 540 Removing and installing/replacing left oil circuit changeover valve (S62)
        • 11 13 550 Removing and installing/replacing right oil circuit changeover valve (S62)
      • Housing Cover
        • 11 14 080 Removing and installing timing case cover, top left (S62)
        • 11 14 085 Removing and installing timing case cover, top right (S62)
        • 11 14 110 Removing and installing lower timing case cover (S62)
        • 11 14 141 Replacing radial seal in lower timing case cover (S62)
        • 11 14 151 Replacing crankshaft radial seal (M62/S62)
      • Crankshaft With Bearings
        • 11 21 500 Replacing crankshaft (S62)
        • 11 21 531 Replacing all crankshaft main bearing shells (S62)
        • 11 21 571 Replacing grooved ball bearing in crankshaft (M62 / S62)
      • Flywheel
        • 11 22 500 Removing and installing/replacing flywheel (M62 / S62)
      • Vibration Damper
        • 11 23 010 Removing and installing/replacing vibration damper (S62)
      • Connecting Rod With Bearings
        • 11 24 571 Replacing all conrod bearings (S62)
      • Piston With Rings
        • 11 25 530 Removing and installing/replacing all pistons (S62)
        • 11 25 671 Replacing piston rings on all pistons (S62 / S54)
      • V-Ribbed Belt With Tensioner
        • 11 28 010 Replacing alternator drive belt (S62)
        • 11 28 050 Replacing A/C compressor drive belt (S62)
      • Camshaft
        • 11 31 005 Checking camshaft timing (S62)
        • 11 31 011 Replacing left camshafts (S62)
        • 11 31 015 Replacing right camshafts (S62)
        • 11 31 051 Replacing timing chain (S62)
        • 11 31 090 Removing and installing/replacing piston for chain tensioner (S62)
        • 11 31 505 Adjusting camshaft timing (S62)
        • 11 36 050 Removing and installing/replacing left VANOS gear (S62)
        • 11 36 060 Removing and installing/replacing right VANOS gear (S62)
        • 11 36 070 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on left (S62)
        • 11 36 080 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on right (S62)
        • 11 36 090 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on left and right (S62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
      • Valves With Springs
        • 11 34 552 Removing and installing/replacing all valves (S62)
        • 11 34 560 Replacing all valve stem seals (M62, S62)
        • 11 34 715 Replacing all valve springs (S62)
      • Variable Camshaft Timing
        • 11 36 030 Removing and installing, sealing/replacing left VANOS adjustment unit (S62)
        • 11 36 040 Removing and installing, sealing/replacing right VANOS adjustment unit (S62)
        • 11 36 050 Removing and installing/replacing left VANOS gear (S62)
        • 11 36 060 Removing and installing/replacing right VANOS gear (S62)
        • 11 36 070 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on left (S62)
        • 11 36 080 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on right (S62)
        • 11 36 090 Removing and installing/replacing toothed shafts of VANOS gear on left and right (S62)
        • 11 36 640 Replacing solenoid valves on left VANOS adjustment unit (S62)
        • 11 36 650 Replacing solenoid valves on right VANOS adjustment unit (S62)
      • Oil Supply
        • 11 40 000 Checking engine oil pressure
      • Oil Pump With Filter
        • 11 13 540 Removing and installing/replacing left oil circuit changeover valve (S62)
        • 11 13 550 Removing and installing/replacing right oil circuit changeover valve (S62)
      • Oil Filter And Lines
        • 11 42 030 Sealing/replacing both oil lines (S62)
      • Oil Cooler
        • 11 44 000 Removing and installing, sealing or replacing oil-water heat exchanger (S62)
      • Water Pump With Drive
        • 11 51 000 Removing and installing/replacing water pump (M62 / S62)
      • Fan
        • 11 52 020 Removing and installing or replacing fan clutch (S62)
      • Thermostat and Connecting
        • 11 53 000 Removing and installing/replacing coolant thermostat (S62)
      • Intake Manifold
        • 11 61 050 Removing and installing intake air manifold (S62)
        • 11 61 056 Replacing sealing flange for left or right intake air manifold (S62)
      • Emission Control Oxygen Sensor
        • 11 78 510 Replacing oxygen sensor (M62 / S62)
    • Engine - Technical Data
      • Engine in general
        • 11 00 Engine in general S62
      • Engine Block
        • 11 11 Engine Block, Cylinder Crankcase S62
      • Cylinder Head with Cover
        • 11 12 Cylinder Head with Cover S62
        • 11 12 Cylinder Head with Valve Seat Cover S62
      • Crankshaft and Bearings
        • 11 21 Crankshaft and Bearings S62
      • Vibration Damper
        • 11 23 Vibration Damper S62
      • Connecting Rods and Bearings
        • 11 24 Connecting Rods and Bearings S62
      • Pistons with Rings and Pins
        • 11 25 Pistons with Rings and Pins S62
      • Camshaft
        • 11 31 Camshaft S62
      • Valves with Springs
        • 11 34 Valves with Springs S62
      • Oil supply
        • 11 41 Oil Pump with Strainer and Drive S62
        • 11 40 Oil Supply E52 / S62
      • Oil Pump with Filter
        • 11 41 Oil Pump with Strainer and Drive S62
        • 11 40 Oil Supply E52 / S62
      • Fan
        • 11 52 Fan Coupling S62
      • Thermostat and Connections
        • 11 53 Thermostat and Connections S62
    • Engine - Tightening Torques
      • Engine block
        • 11 11 Engine block
      • Cylinder Head With Cover
        • 11 12 Cylinder Head with Cover
      • Oil Sump
        • 11 13 Oil Pan
      • Housing Cover
        • 11 14 Case Covers
        • 11 24 Connecting Rods and Bearings
        • 11 21 Crankshaft and Bearings
      • Flywheel
        • 11 22 Flywheel
      • Vibration Damper
        • 11 23 Vibration Damper
      • Connecting Rod With Bearing
        • 11 11 Engine block
      • Camshaft
        • 11 31 Camshaft
      • Oil Pump With Filter
        • 11 41 Oil Pump with Strainer and Drive
      • Oil Filter and Lines
        • 11 42 Oil Filter and Pipes
      • Water Pump and Drive
        • 11 51 Water Pump and Drive
      • Fan
        • 11 52 Fan
      • Thermostat and Connections
        • 11 53 Thermostat and Connections
      • Intake Manifold
        • 11 61 Intake manifold
      • Exhaust Manifold
        • 11 62 Exhaust manifold
      • Commission - Control, Oxygen
        • 11 78 Emissions-control, Lambda oxygen sensor
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
      • Engine Suspension
        • 22 11 ... Replacing engine mounts
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Tightening Torques
      • Engine Suspension
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
      • Engine Diagnosis
        • Engine Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Compression Testing
          • Cylinder Leakage Testing
            • Notes
            • Workshop Hints on Cylinder Leakage Testing
          • Cylinder Arrangement And Firing Order
          • Ignition System Diagnosis
          • Fuel System Testing
            • Notes
            • Fuel Volume Testing
            • Residual Pressure
              • Notes
              • Fuel System - E32 with M60
              • Fuel System - E39/E46 with M54
              • Fuel System - E60
          • Engine Adaptation Values
          • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
          • Smooth Running Measurement
          • Valvetronic N62
          • N62 Engine Testing
          • MKA Adapter
          • Compression Test N62
            • Notes
            • Manual Compression Test (N62)
          • Rough Running Diagnosis (N62)
    • Engine- Special Tools
      • 11 0 000 Engine lifter for removing and installing engines
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 0 070 Engine hoist
      • 11 0 080 Engine support plates
      • 11 0 190 Accessories
      • 11 0 200 Plastic guard
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 0 210 Installation accessory for valve springs
      • 11 0 220 Compression test kit
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 0 240 Coupling
      • 11 0 270 Holder
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 0 340 Accessories
      • 11 1 200 Drift
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 1 310 Drift
      • 11 1 480 Pliers
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 1 960 Assembly sleeves
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 010 Extractor
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 030 Drift
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 070 Holder
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 300 Plug mandrel
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 340 Extractor
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 350 Drift
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 380 Puller
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 2 390 Slip bush
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 3 030 Placement board for tappet
      • 11 3 250 Suction cup
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 3 480 Guide mandrel (2)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 4 050 Reducer
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 4 180 Screwdriver socket Torx T60
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 4 190 1/4" extension piece
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 4 240 Decoupling pliers
      • 11 5 040 Open-ended spanner WAF 32
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 5 050 Holder
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 7 030 Socket wrench socket WAF 22
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 11 7 130 Connection piece
      • 11 7 140 Locking clip (2)
      • 11 7 150 Hook wrench
      • 11 7 200 Plug-on tool
      • 11 7 210 Installer
      • 11 7 230 Slip bush
      • 11 9 000 Cylinder head expander tool
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
    • M Engine Overview - Z8
      • M Engine S62B50
        • S62B50 Engine
          • Purpose of The System
        • Technical Data
        • System Components
          • Engine Block
          • Crankshaft and Bearings
          • Connecting Rods and Bearings:
          • Pistons and Piston Rings:
          • Engine Oil System
          • Crankcase Ventilation
          • Engine Cooling
          • Cylinder Heads
          • Valve Train
          • VANOS
            • Notes
            • VANOS system hydraulic operation:
            • Workshop Hints
          • Intake Air Plenum:
          • Fuel Supply:
          • Clutch Assembly:
          • Exhaust System:
    • Operating Fluids - Engine
      • 1.0 General Information
        • Notes
        • Good Wear Protection and Friction Reduction
        • Limited Tendency to Produce Combustion Residue
        • Favorable Viscosity Temperature Behavior
        • Anti-Foaming
        • Good Corrosion Inhibition
        • Mixing Ability/Compatibility
        • Good Thermal Conductivity/Good Cooling Property
        • Good Dispersant/Detergent Qualities
        • Oxidation Inhibitors and Aging Stability
      • 2.0 Grading Of Oils
        • Viscosity Number
        • Multigrade Oils
        • Single Grade Oils
        • Oil Classifications
      • 3.0 Engine Oil Requirements and Specifications
        • Approved Engine Oils
      • 4.0 Engine Oil Change Intervals
      • 5.0 Condition Based Service
      • 6.0 Engine Oil Additives
      • 7.0 Break-In Instructions
      • 8.0 Engine Oil Applied to Engine Exhaust Studs
      • 9.0 Lubricant For Oxygen Sensor
      • 10.0 Oil Consumption
      • 11.0 References
      • 12.0 Operating Fluids Table and Alternate Suppliers
    • Running Gear Overview - Z8 (E52)
      • Running Gear
        • Objectives of the Module
          • Notes
          • Front Axle
          • Suspension
          • Steering
          • Rear Axle
          • Brakes
          • Wheels/Tires
  • Starter
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
    • Starter
      • Description
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Solenoid Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Starter
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Starting Systems - Overview
      • Starting Systems
        • Notes
        • Purpose of Starting System
        • System Components
          • Battery
          • Ignition Switch
          • Starter Motor Assembly
          • Electric Starter Motor
          • Armature
          • Field Coils
          • Electromagnetic
          • Permanent
          • Brushes
          • Solenoid
          • Pinion Engaging Drive
        • Starter Drives
          • Conventional Drive
          • Gear Reduction Drive
        • Overrunning Clutch
          • Notes
          • EWS
          • Starter Safety Switch
          • Cable and Wiring Harness
        • Principle of Operation
          • Electric Starter Motor
        • Motor Windings
          • Notes
          • Shunt Wound Motors
          • Series Wound Motors
          • Compound Wound Motors
          • Permanent Magnet Motors
        • Solenoid
          • Notes
          • Pinion Drive
          • Phases of Starter Operation
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Controls - On-Vehicle Adjustments
    • Engine Mechanical
    • Valve Clearance
    • Ignition Timing
    • Idle Speed & Mixture
      • Notes
      • Hot-Film Air Mass Meter (HFM)
      • Idle Speed
      • Idle Mixture & Co Level
      • Throttle Valve
      • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Accelerator With Electronic Engine Power Control
  • Application
    • Introduction
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Engine Control Systems
    • Ms S52 - Overview - M5 & Z8
      • Ms S52
        • Notes
        • Purpose of the System
        • System Components
        • Ms S54 ECM
        • Electronic Throttle Control (EDR)
          • Functional Description
          • Throttle Position Sensor (PWG)
          • EDR Throttle Position Feedback Signals
          • EDR Safety Concept
          • Emergency Programs
          • Cruise Control Operation
          • Brake/Clutch Switch Inputs
          • Idle Control System (ZWD 5)
        • Input Signals/Components
          • Power Supply And Grounds
          • Camshaft Position Sensors
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Hot Film Air Mass Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Oil Temperature/Level Sensor
          • Throttle Progression Switch
          • Power Transmission Switch
          • Oxygen Sensors
          • Knock Sensors
          • Catalytic Converter Temperature Monitoring
          • Integrated Ambient Barometric Pressure Sensor
        • OUTPUTS/Components
          • Main Relay Control
          • Fuel Pump Module
          • Non Return Fuel Rail System
          • E Box Fan Control
          • Secondary Air Injection
          • Auxiliary Fan Control
          • VANOS Solenoid Control
          • Oil Sump Changeover Valves
          • Injector Control
          • Ignition Coil Triggering
          • Oxygen Sensor Heating
          • Idle Control Valve
          • Purge Control Valve
          • DM-TL (diagnosis Module - Tank Leakage)
        • Function
          • Notes
          • DC Motor LDP Inactive-Normal Purge Valve Operation
          • Leak Diagnosis Test Preconditions
        • Leak Diagnosis Test
          • Phase 1 - Reference Measurement
          • Phase 2 - Leak Detection
        • Test Results
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
      • Engine Diagnosis
        • Engine Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Compression Testing
          • Cylinder Leakage Testing
            • Notes
            • Workshop Hints on Cylinder Leakage Testing
          • Cylinder Arrangement And Firing Order
          • Ignition System Diagnosis
          • Fuel System Testing
            • Notes
            • Fuel Volume Testing
            • Residual Pressure
              • Notes
              • Fuel System - E32 with M60
              • Fuel System - E39/E46 with M54
              • Fuel System - E60
          • Engine Adaptation Values
          • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
          • Smooth Running Measurement
          • Valvetronic N62
          • N62 Engine Testing
          • MKA Adapter
          • Compression Test N62
            • Notes
            • Manual Compression Test (N62)
          • Rough Running Diagnosis (N62)
    • Fuel Supply System - Repair Instructions
      • Fuel pick-up cleaning
        • 16 00 Fuel supply system E52
          • Notes
          • Fuel system
          • Fuel supply to engine
          • Venting system USA:
          • Venting system worldwide:
          • Leakage detection for tank venting system USA:
          • Determining fill level in fuel tank:
          • 3.3 Service data, fuel system
          • 5. Schematic drawings of fuel supply systems
        • 16 00 General function description for fuel supply systems
        • 16 00 005 Draining and filling fuel tank
        • 16 00 100 Checking fuel tank and tank ventilation system for leaks
        • 16 00 102 Checking fuel tank and tank venting system for leaks with tank leakage diagnosis module (DM-TL)
        • 16 00 510 Conducting leak test on fuel tank and tank ventilation system
        • 16 11 130 Checking filler cap pressure relief valve
      • Fuel tank with mounting
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing leak diagnosis pump (LDP) for tank leak diagnosis module (DM-TL) with grommet seal
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing overflow hose on cover pot
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing partition wall, retaining bracket and wheel arch trim
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing screw cap with rubber seal
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing tank cap with cover pot
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing vent hose from carbon canister to dust filter
        • 16 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing vent hose from carbon canister to leak diagnosis pump (LDP)
        • 16 11 030 Removing and installing/replacing fuel tank
        • 16 11 060 Removing and installing/replacing fuel filler pipe
        • 16 11 130 Checking filler cap pressure relief valve
      • Fuel transfer sensor
        • 16 12 ... Removing and installing/replacing carbon canister with leak diagnosis pump (LDP)
        • 16 12 001 Removing and installing/replacing fuel level sensor for fuel gauge
        • 16 12 010 Removing and installing / replacing active carbon filter
      • Fuel ventilation
        • 16 14 060 Removing and installing/replacing dust filter with seal grommet
      • Fuel Pump
        • 16 14 010 Removing and installing/replacing fuel pump
        • 16 14 060 Removing and installing/replacing dust filter with seal grommet
    • Fuel Supply System - Service Information
      • Functional Description Of Fuel Supply System
        • Notes
        • General Information
        • 1. Fuel Supply System E38/39
          • Notes
          • 1.2 Functional Description
          • 1.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 2. Fuel Supply System E46
          • Notes
          • 2.2 Functional Description
          • 2.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 3. Fuel Supply System E52
          • Notes
          • 3.2 Functional Description
          • 3.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 4. Fuel Supply System E53
          • Notes
          • 4.2 Functional Description
          • 4.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 5. Fuel Supply System E38/39 Diesel
          • Notes
          • 5.2 Functional Description
          • 5.3 Fuel System Operating Data
        • 6. Fuel Supply System E46 Diesel
          • Notes
          • 6.2 Functional Description
          • 6.3 Fuel System Operating Data
    • Fuel Supply System - Special Tools
      • 16 1 020 Pin wrench
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
    • Fuel Supply System - Technical Data
      • 16 11 Fuel Tank and Mounting Parts E52
      • Fuel transfer sensor
        • 16 12 Fuel Supply, Fuel Level Sender E52
      • Fuel pump
        • 16 14 Fuel Pump E52
    • Fuel Supply System - Tightening Torques
      • Fuel Tank And Mounting
        • Fuel Tank and Mounting Parts
      • Fuel Transfer Sensor
        • 16 12 Fuel Delivery
      • Fuel Pump
    • Fuel System - Operating Fluids
      • 1.0 Fuels for Gasoline Engines
        • Notes
        • Anti-Knock Properties
        • Boiling Range and Vapor Pressure
        • Specific Gravity
        • Calorific Value
        • Purity, Combustion Deposits
        • Sulfur Content
          • Notes
          • 1.1 Minimum Octane and AKI Ratings for Gasoline Engines
          • 1.2 Summary of Fuel Grade Requirements
      • 2.0 Fuels for Diesel Engines
      • 3.0 Other Fluids
    • Fuel System - Repair Instructions
      • Checking - Setting Engine
        • 13 00 002 Checking function of Digital Engine Electronics (DME)
      • Fuel Pump With Drive
        • 13 31 ... Notes on fuel pressure check (reference pressure: intake manifold pressure)
        • 13 31 029 Checking fuel pump delivery pressure (S62)
      • Fuel Filter
        • 13 32 051 Replacing fuel filter (S62)
      • Speed Governor
        • 13 41 500 Replacing idle speed control valve (S62)
      • Injection pump Regulator
        • 13 51 630 Replacing fuel pressure regulator (S62)
      • Injection Nozzle And Injection Pipe
        • 13 53 240 Replacing complete injection pipe (S62)
        • 13 53 540 Replacing, sealing fuel hoses
      • Throttle And Operation
        • 11 61 056 Replacing sealing flange for left or right intake air manifold (S62)
        • 13 53 240 Replacing complete injection pipe (S62)
        • 13 54 ... Supplementary work for basic throttle setting (S62)
        • 13 54 010 Performing throttle basic setting (S62)
        • 13 54 030 Removing and installing/replacing throttle body (S62)
        • 13 54 250 Replacing intake hose (between air-mass flow sensor and manifold) (S62)
      • Sensor For Control Unit
        • 13 62 560 Removing and installing/replacing air-mass flow sensor (S62)
      • Throttle Potentiometer
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 13 63 590 Replacing fuel pump relay
      • Start Valve
        • 13 64 541 Replacing all fuel injectors (S62)
      • Intake Silencer
        • 13 71 010 Removing and installing left intake filter housing (S62)
        • 13 71 020 Removing and installing right intake filter housing (S62)
      • Air Cleaner
        • 3 72 002 Replacing both air cleaner elements (S62)
      • Carbon Canister Vent
        • 13 90 500 Replacing tank venting valve (S62)
    • Fuel System - Special Tools
      • 13 0 131 Compressed air hose with filter
      • 13 0 132 Adapter
      • 13 0 133 Container
      • 13 3 010 Hose clip
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 3 060 Fixture
      • 13 5 220 Adapter
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 6 050 Set of adapters for BMW DIS
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 13 6 058 T-piece for 12 mm dia. line
    • Fuel System - Technical Data
      • Injection nozzle and
        • 13 53 Injectors and Lines, Fuel Pressure Regulator S62 B50
      • Throttle and operation
        • 13 54 Injector Valves, Start Valves S62 B 50
    • Fuel System - Tightening Torques
      • Fuel Pump With Drive
        • 13 31 Fuel Pump with Drive and Pipes
      • Fuel Filter
        • 13 32 Fuel Filter
      • Injection Pump Regulator
        • 13 51 Injection Pump, Control Receptacle
      • Throttle And Operation
        • 13 54 Throttle and actuator
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 13 62 Senders for Control Unit
      • Start Valves
        • 13 64 Fuel Injectors
  • Ignition System
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
      • Engine Diagnosis
        • Engine Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Compression Testing
          • Cylinder Leakage Testing
            • Notes
            • Workshop Hints on Cylinder Leakage Testing
          • Cylinder Arrangement And Firing Order
          • Ignition System Diagnosis
          • Fuel System Testing
            • Notes
            • Fuel Volume Testing
            • Residual Pressure
              • Notes
              • Fuel System - E32 with M60
              • Fuel System - E39/E46 with M54
              • Fuel System - E60
          • Engine Adaptation Values
          • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
          • Smooth Running Measurement
          • Valvetronic N62
          • N62 Engine Testing
          • MKA Adapter
          • Compression Test N62
            • Notes
            • Manual Compression Test (N62)
          • Rough Running Diagnosis (N62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
  • Mode 6
    • Mode 06 Data
      • Introduction
      • Mode 6
  • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • 2002 M Coupe, M Roadster & M3
      • 2003 M3
      • 2002 M5
      • M5 (2003)
      • Z3
      • Z4
      • Z8 (2002-03)
      • 3-Series (2002)
      • 3-Series (2003)
      • X5-Series 6-Cylinder (2002)
      • X5-Series 6-Cylinder (2003)
      • X5-Series V8 (2002)
      • X5-Series V8 (2003)
      • 5-Series 6-Cylinder (2002)
      • 5-Series 6-Cylinder (2003)
      • 5-Series V8 (2002)
      • 5-Series V8 (2003)
      • 7-Series V8 (2002-03)
      • 7-Series V12 (2003)
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Introduction
      • Battery
      • Capacities
        • 6-Cylinder Fluid Capacities
        • V8 Fluid Capacities
        • V12 Fluid Capacities
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid Type
          • Notes
          • GM Transmissions (A5S360R/390R)
          • ZF 3HP22, 4HP22 & 4HP24
          • A5S325Z (5HP19) & A5S440Z (5HP24)
          • GA6HP26Z
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid Level Check
          • Notes
          • Transmission Without Dipstick
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
          • Service Interval Indication
          • Service Interval Light Reset (All Models Except 7-Series)
          • Condition Based Service (CBS) Light Reset (7-Series)
          • 7-Series Service Maintenance Checklist
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
        • Valve Clearance
      • Ignition System
        • Crankshaft (Speed/Position Pulse) Sensor
        • Ignition Coil
        • Spark Plugs
        • Firing Order
          • Notes
          • Firing Order (6-Cylinder)
          • Firing Order (V8)
          • Firing Order (V12)
        • Ignition Timing
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pump
        • Injector Resistance
        • Idle Speed & Mixture
        • Idle Speed Control (ISC) Valve
          • Z3
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 2 Cylinder Engine
        • 3 Cylinder Engine
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • 6 Cylinder Engine
        • V8 Engine
        • V10 Engine
        • V12 Engine
  • System
    • Coding And Programming - Overview
      • Introduction to Coding & Programming
        • Notes
        • What is Coding?
        • What is Programming?
        • What is the Purpose of Coding and Programming?
        • Where is Data Stored in a Control Module?
          • Notes
          • EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory)
          • EEPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory)
            • Notes
            • What is needed to Code and Program?
      • Coding & Programming Equipment
        • Notes
        • Equipment and Software
          • Notes
          • DISplus (Diagnostic Information System)
          • GT1 (Group Tester 1)
          • SSS (Software Service Station)
          • Diagnostic Head
          • OPPS Head - (Optical Testing & Programming System)
          • OPS Head - (Optical Programming System)
          • Deutronic Automatic Battery Charger
            • Notes
            • Hardware Operating Conditions
          • Coding & Programming Software
        • Networks
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Bus Systems
          • Workshop LAN Network
            • Notes
            • Workshop Network
          • Network Structure
            • Notes
            • Network Connections
            • Accessing Configuration Information - DISplus/GT1 & Interface(s)
              • Notes
              • Workshop Layout
              • Workshop Layout Index
          • Workshop Network Components
          • Common Terminology
            • Network
            • Local Area Network (LAN)
            • Ethernet
            • Ethernet Cable (CAT 5)
            • RJ-45 Connectors
            • Wall Jack
            • Switched HUB
            • Network Server
            • Automatic/Online Updates
            • Access Point
            • Interface Name
            • IP Address
            • IP Subnet Mask
            • Gateway
        • Remote Coding, Individualization & Programming Terminals
          • Notes
          • Software Service Station
          • OPPS/OPS/Diagnostic Head
            • Notes
            • OPPS
            • Ops
            • Diagnostic Head
          • MOST Direct Access Port
          • Equipment Configurations
        • Procedure for Coding & Programming
      • Coding Plug
        • Notes
        • Coding Plug
          • Notes
          • Coding Plug Identification
          • Ordering Replacement Coding Plug
        • Coding Plug Overview
          • Notes
          • Coding Plug Identification - E32/E34
            • Notes
            • From 2/89 to 9/91 Production
            • 9/90 Revision
            • E32/34 as of 9/91 (1992 Model Year)
          • E36 Instrument Cluster
            • 318i/is, 325i/is and M3
            • 318ti and Z3 Roadster
            • Test No. 09
        • Federal Odometer Disclosure Requirement 92-513
      • Variant Coding
        • Notes
        • Variant Coding
          • Notes
          • Variant Code Identification Display
          • Variant Code Structure
          • Variant Code Procedure
            • Notes
            • Adopt a Variant Code
            • Manually Entering a Variant Code
      • Coding Code
        • Notes
        • Coding Code (Code Number)
          • Notes
          • Code Number Identification
          • Coding Code Procedure
            • Notes
            • Ordering Pre-Coded Modules
          • Workshop Exercise
      • Vehicle Coding Information
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Coding Information
          • Introduction
        • ZCS Structure
          • Notes
          • ZCS Stored Location In Vehicle
          • ZCS Identification/Display
            • Notes
            • Accessing Stored ZCS Information
            • Accessing ZCS Information Label
            • ZCS Codable Control Modules
          • Workshop Exercise
        • Vehicle Order
      • EPROMs & EEPROMs
        • Notes
        • Introduction
        • Engine Control Module EPROM Programming
          • Notes
          • M3.1 Engine Control Modules
          • M3.3 & M3.3.1 Engine Control Modules
        • Engine Control Modules Flash (EEPROM) Programming
        • Transmission EPROMS
        • Transmission Control Module Flash (EEPROM) Programming
        • When is EPROM Replacement and/or Programming Necessary?
          • Notes
          • How A Replacement EPROM Or Control Module Is Determined
            • DME/ECM EPROM
            • TCM
          • Programming Procedure
            • Notes
            • Workshop Exercise - SIB Look-up
            • Determination Process for DME EPROM
            • Automatic Determination
            • Manual Determination
      • Progman
        • Notes
        • Progman Introduction
          • Notes
          • Progman
          • Administration
          • JETstream
          • Multiconsole/Multisession
          • CIP
        • What Will Progman Do For Me?
          • Notes
          • Before Progman (CIP 15.0)
          • With Progman (CIP15.0)
        • Getting Started With Progman
        • Administration
          • Notes
          • Interfaces
            • Notes
            • Explanation of Status Indicators
            • Examples of Possible Combinations
              • Interface Name
            • Version
            • IP Address
            • External Interface
          • Overview
          • Configuration
            • Notes
            • Interface Name
            • IP Address
            • Gateway
            • IP Subnet Mask
          • Interface Update
            • Notes
            • Updating Interface after Initial Install
          • Self-Test
          • External Interface
          • Settings
            • Notes
            • Overview
            • Operating Status
            • Network
            • Installation
            • FASTA
            • Date and Time
            • Operating Times
            • User Interface
          • Workshop Exercise - Configuration Check
        • Starting a Programming or Coding Session with Progman
          • Notes
          • Disconnecting From Interface To Be Used By Progman
          • Starting A Session With Progman
            • Notes
            • Access CIP Functions For E31E32/E34/E36/E38/E39/E46/E52/E53
            • Access CIP Functions For E60/E62/E63/E64/E65/E83/E85...
          • Return To Progman "Home" Screen
          • Progman "Home" Screen Session Status
          • Going From Progman To Diagnosis On GT1
          • Going From Diagnosis To Progman On GT1
        • Shutting Down the SSS
          • Notes
          • Workshop Exercise - Access CIP & ZCS
      • Coding, Individualization & Programming (CIP)
        • Notes
        • Coding, Individualization & Programming
          • Introduction
          • Integration Levels
          • Measures Plan
          • Initial CIP Screen
          • CIP Main Selection Screen
          • Control Module Replacement Yes/No
        • CIP Functions - If No (Non MOST-Bus Vehicles with VO)
        • CIP Functions - If No (MOST-Bus Vehicles)
        • Control Module Selection - Programming - Update Software
          • Notes
          • Control Module Selection-Programming-Special Measures
          • Retrofits
        • Management
          • Notes
          • Management - Reports
          • Management - Application - Test & Version
        • Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Vehicle - Vehicle Order
          • Vehicle - Initialization
          • Vehicle - Service Function
          • Vehicle - Complete Encoding
        • CIP Functions - If Yes
        • CKM - Individualization (Vehicle & Key Memory)
        • ZCS Coding Procedure
          • Notes
          • Coding Control Modules That Store The ZCS
            • Notes
            • Manual Input of ZCS Data
          • Automatic Coding Procedure
          • Additional ZCS Coding Functions
            • Notes
            • Retrofit
            • Conversion
    • Diagnostic Equipment - Overview - All
      • Diagnostic Equipment
        • Group Tester One and OPPS
        • Group Tester One (GT1)
          • Notes
          • Control Panel
          • Monitor
            • Notes
            • Control Block
          • Control Panel Connections
            • Top
            • Bottom
          • Power Supply
          • DVD Drive
          • Docking Station
          • Bench Power Unit
          • Optical Keyboard
          • LAN Control Panel Cable (Crossed)
          • LAN Control Panel Adapter (Uncrossed)
          • LAN Control Panel Cable
          • MFK1 and MFK2
          • Touch Pen
          • Diagnostic Cable
            • Notes
            • OBD Diagnostic Cable
          • Diagnostic Head
          • Optional Cables
            • Notes
            • USB/Centronics Adapter
          • Battery
            • Notes
            • Replacing The Battery
          • Operation
          • Control Panel Faults
            • Notes
            • Touch Screen
            • Plug-in Connections
            • Printer
            • Accessories
            • Docking Station
            • Fault Codes
            • Diagnostic Head
        • Optical Testing and Programming System - OPPS
          • Notes
          • OPPS Specifications:
          • Included With OPPS:
          • Cable Setup #1 - To Be Used If The Network Is Not Operational (Using GT1)
          • Cable Setup #2 - To Be Used If The Workshop Network Is Operational (Using GT1)
            • Notes
            • Instructions
          • OPPS Connection
            • OBD & Network Connection
            • USB and Card connection
            • MOST Connection
            • Byteflight Connection
          • OBD Connections
          • E65/E66 CIP Programming Setup
          • E65/E66 Optical Bus And Harness Testing Setup
            • Notes
            • Control Module Testing
            • Control Module Harness Testing
        • Review Questions
    • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Check Filler Cap Indicator Light
        • National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Emission Reduction Stages
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • BMW Diagnostic Hardware
          • Notes
          • DIS Plus
          • Group Tester One (GT-1)
          • Optical Testing & Programming System (OPPS )
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Hard & Intermittent Failures
          • OBD-II Diagnostics
          • BMW Diagnostics
      • Drive Cycles
        • Readiness Code
        • Retrieving & Erasing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Programming
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming
          • E85 - Z4
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Cross-Reference & Tables
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
          • Notes
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 1 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 2 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 3 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 4 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 5 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 6 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 7 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type M54B25 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 1 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type M54B25 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 2 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 3 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 4 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 5 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 6 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 7 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 8 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 9 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 1 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 2 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 3 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 4 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 5 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 6 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 7 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 8 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 9 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 10 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 1 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 2 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 3 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 4 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 5 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 6 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 7 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 8 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 9 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 10 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 11 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 12 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 1 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 2 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 3 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 4 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 5 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 6 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 7 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 8 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 9 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 10 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 11 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 1 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 2 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 3 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 4 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 5 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 6 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 7 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 8 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 9 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 10 Of 10)
      • Test Group Identification
      • Test Group Diagnosis
        • Catalyst Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Misfire Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Evaporative System Monitoring
          • Evaporative Emissions
          • On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery (ORVR)
          • 2003 BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Secondary Air Injection Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Fuel System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Adaptation Values
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Oxygen Sensor Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Oxygen Sensor Electrical Integrity Check
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Check
          • Siemens Post-Catalyst Heater
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
    • Emissions - Overview
      • Emission Overview
        • Notes
        • Emissions Overview
          • What Is OBD?
          • What Happens If A Problem Is Detected?
          • What Is The Most Common Problem Detected By OBD?
            • Fuel Filler Cap
            • Misfire Detection
        • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
        • OBD History
          • Notes
          • OBD I
          • OBD II
          • Objectives Of OBD II
        • Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Notes
          • OBD II Emission Compliance Chart
        • System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Permanent Monitoring
          • Cyclic Monitoring
          • Drive Cycle
        • The "Malfunction Indicator Light" ( MIL) will be illuminated under the following conditions
        • Readiness Code
          • Notes
          • Readiness Code Using DISplus/MoDIC
        • OBD II Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
        • Scan Tool Connection
          • Notes
          • 20 Pin Diagnostic Socket Deletion
            • Model And Production Date: E46 From 6/00 E39, E52, E53 From 9/00
            • Diagnostics Via OBD II Connector
        • BMW Fault Code (DISplus/MoDIC)
          • Notes
          • OBD II Fault Memory and Fault Codes
          • Emission Control Function Monitoring & Comprehensive Component Monitoring
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Service Precautions
        • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery
        • Disconnecting & Connecting ECM/DME Control Module
        • Starting Aid
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression (6-Cylinder & V8)
          • Compression (V12)
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
        • Fuel Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • General Information
          • Fuel Pressure Related Problems
        • Fuel Injection
          • Oscilloscope Pattern
        • Fuel Volume & Pressure
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Relay
      • Ignition Systems
        • Servicing Precautions
        • Ignition System
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics (Various Coil Manufacturers)
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics (Spark Plug Faults)
          • Ignition Voltage
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Digital Motor Electronics (DME) Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Ground, Power & Input/Output Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Sensors
        • Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Fuel Tank Pressure/Leak Detection Sensor
          • 7-Series
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • X5 (6-Cylinder) & E46
          • Z4 & M3
          • 7-Series (V8)
          • 7-Series (V12)
        • Hot-Film Air Mass Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Fuel Pressure Check (Lack Of Power)
          • Fuel Pressure Check (Hard Start)
          • Fuel Pressure & Volume
        • Fuel Control
          • Preliminary Check
          • Fuel Injector
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Cleaning
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Actuator Valve
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Direct Ignition System
          • Ignition System Testing (Siemmens 2003)
          • Checking Rod-Type Ignition Coils
          • Ignition Coil Resistance
          • Ignition Coil Primary Signal Check
          • Ignition Voltage Too High
          • Ignition Voltage Too Low
          • Ignition Coil
          • Ignition Coil Secondary Signal Check
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Fuel Evaporation
          • Fuel Cap Pressure Relief Valve Test
          • Fuel Tank Vent (Evaporation) Control Valve
        • Fuel Tank Leakage
          • Notes
          • Draining & Filling Fuel Tank
          • Leak Diagnosis Test - X5
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z3
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z4
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z8
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 3-Series (E46)
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 5-Series (E39) 6-Cylinder
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 5-Series (E39) V8
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 7-Series (E65/66)
          • Conducting Leak Test On Fuel Tank & Tank Ventilation System
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Start (Will Not Crank)
        • Engine Cranks, But Fails To Start
        • Engine Backfires
        • Loss Of Power
        • Detonation (Engine Knock)
        • Stalls At Idle
        • Engine Runs Rough (Off Idle)
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
        • Engine Misfires - All Conditions
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Excessive Emissions
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
    • Mode 06 Data
      • Introduction
      • Mode 6
    • MODIC III - Overview - All Models
      • MoDiC III
        • Introduction
        • MoDiC Features
        • MoDiC Control Panel
        • Charger/Docking Station
          • Notes
          • Battery Charging
          • Printer Interface
          • Diagnostic Head
          • Temperature Monitoring
        • MoDiC Cables and Leads
          • Diagnostic Cable
          • Serial Interface Cable
          • DC Power Supply
          • Multi-Function Cable (MFK)
          • MFK1
          • MFK2
          • 50 AMP Current Clamp
        • MoDiC Operation
          • Notes
          • Suspend Mode
        • E46 Diagnostic Concept
          • Notes
          • Start Of Diagnosis
          • Vehicle Identification
          • Fault Symptom Selection
          • Test Schedule
          • Test Information
          • Measurement System
          • Voltage Measurement
          • "Expert Mode" Troubleshooting
          • Control Unit Functions
          • Service Functions
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
      • Understanding Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Plan
        • Verify the Complaint
          • Notes
          • Symptom
          • Steps to Verify The Complaint
        • Analyze The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Analyzing The Problem
        • Isolate The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Isolating The Problem
        • Repair The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps to Repairing The Problem:
        • Verify The Repair
        • The I.P.O. Principle
          • Notes
          • This is known as the I.P.O. Principle.
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Coding And Programming - Overview
      • Introduction to Coding & Programming
        • Notes
        • What is Coding?
        • What is Programming?
        • What is the Purpose of Coding and Programming?
        • Where is Data Stored in a Control Module?
          • Notes
          • EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory)
          • EEPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory)
            • Notes
            • What is needed to Code and Program?
      • Coding & Programming Equipment
        • Notes
        • Equipment and Software
          • Notes
          • DISplus (Diagnostic Information System)
          • GT1 (Group Tester 1)
          • SSS (Software Service Station)
          • Diagnostic Head
          • OPPS Head - (Optical Testing & Programming System)
          • OPS Head - (Optical Programming System)
          • Deutronic Automatic Battery Charger
            • Notes
            • Hardware Operating Conditions
          • Coding & Programming Software
        • Networks
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Bus Systems
          • Workshop LAN Network
            • Notes
            • Workshop Network
          • Network Structure
            • Notes
            • Network Connections
            • Accessing Configuration Information - DISplus/GT1 & Interface(s)
              • Notes
              • Workshop Layout
              • Workshop Layout Index
          • Workshop Network Components
          • Common Terminology
            • Network
            • Local Area Network (LAN)
            • Ethernet
            • Ethernet Cable (CAT 5)
            • RJ-45 Connectors
            • Wall Jack
            • Switched HUB
            • Network Server
            • Automatic/Online Updates
            • Access Point
            • Interface Name
            • IP Address
            • IP Subnet Mask
            • Gateway
        • Remote Coding, Individualization & Programming Terminals
          • Notes
          • Software Service Station
          • OPPS/OPS/Diagnostic Head
            • Notes
            • OPPS
            • Ops
            • Diagnostic Head
          • MOST Direct Access Port
          • Equipment Configurations
        • Procedure for Coding & Programming
      • Coding Plug
        • Notes
        • Coding Plug
          • Notes
          • Coding Plug Identification
          • Ordering Replacement Coding Plug
        • Coding Plug Overview
          • Notes
          • Coding Plug Identification - E32/E34
            • Notes
            • From 2/89 to 9/91 Production
            • 9/90 Revision
            • E32/34 as of 9/91 (1992 Model Year)
          • E36 Instrument Cluster
            • 318i/is, 325i/is and M3
            • 318ti and Z3 Roadster
            • Test No. 09
        • Federal Odometer Disclosure Requirement 92-513
      • Variant Coding
        • Notes
        • Variant Coding
          • Notes
          • Variant Code Identification Display
          • Variant Code Structure
          • Variant Code Procedure
            • Notes
            • Adopt a Variant Code
            • Manually Entering a Variant Code
      • Coding Code
        • Notes
        • Coding Code (Code Number)
          • Notes
          • Code Number Identification
          • Coding Code Procedure
            • Notes
            • Ordering Pre-Coded Modules
          • Workshop Exercise
      • Vehicle Coding Information
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Coding Information
          • Introduction
        • ZCS Structure
          • Notes
          • ZCS Stored Location In Vehicle
          • ZCS Identification/Display
            • Notes
            • Accessing Stored ZCS Information
            • Accessing ZCS Information Label
            • ZCS Codable Control Modules
          • Workshop Exercise
        • Vehicle Order
      • EPROMs & EEPROMs
        • Notes
        • Introduction
        • Engine Control Module EPROM Programming
          • Notes
          • M3.1 Engine Control Modules
          • M3.3 & M3.3.1 Engine Control Modules
        • Engine Control Modules Flash (EEPROM) Programming
        • Transmission EPROMS
        • Transmission Control Module Flash (EEPROM) Programming
        • When is EPROM Replacement and/or Programming Necessary?
          • Notes
          • How A Replacement EPROM Or Control Module Is Determined
            • DME/ECM EPROM
            • TCM
          • Programming Procedure
            • Notes
            • Workshop Exercise - SIB Look-up
            • Determination Process for DME EPROM
            • Automatic Determination
            • Manual Determination
      • Progman
        • Notes
        • Progman Introduction
          • Notes
          • Progman
          • Administration
          • JETstream
          • Multiconsole/Multisession
          • CIP
        • What Will Progman Do For Me?
          • Notes
          • Before Progman (CIP 15.0)
          • With Progman (CIP15.0)
        • Getting Started With Progman
        • Administration
          • Notes
          • Interfaces
            • Notes
            • Explanation of Status Indicators
            • Examples of Possible Combinations
              • Interface Name
            • Version
            • IP Address
            • External Interface
          • Overview
          • Configuration
            • Notes
            • Interface Name
            • IP Address
            • Gateway
            • IP Subnet Mask
          • Interface Update
            • Notes
            • Updating Interface after Initial Install
          • Self-Test
          • External Interface
          • Settings
            • Notes
            • Overview
            • Operating Status
            • Network
            • Installation
            • FASTA
            • Date and Time
            • Operating Times
            • User Interface
          • Workshop Exercise - Configuration Check
        • Starting a Programming or Coding Session with Progman
          • Notes
          • Disconnecting From Interface To Be Used By Progman
          • Starting A Session With Progman
            • Notes
            • Access CIP Functions For E31E32/E34/E36/E38/E39/E46/E52/E53
            • Access CIP Functions For E60/E62/E63/E64/E65/E83/E85...
          • Return To Progman "Home" Screen
          • Progman "Home" Screen Session Status
          • Going From Progman To Diagnosis On GT1
          • Going From Diagnosis To Progman On GT1
        • Shutting Down the SSS
          • Notes
          • Workshop Exercise - Access CIP & ZCS
      • Coding, Individualization & Programming (CIP)
        • Notes
        • Coding, Individualization & Programming
          • Introduction
          • Integration Levels
          • Measures Plan
          • Initial CIP Screen
          • CIP Main Selection Screen
          • Control Module Replacement Yes/No
        • CIP Functions - If No (Non MOST-Bus Vehicles with VO)
        • CIP Functions - If No (MOST-Bus Vehicles)
        • Control Module Selection - Programming - Update Software
          • Notes
          • Control Module Selection-Programming-Special Measures
          • Retrofits
        • Management
          • Notes
          • Management - Reports
          • Management - Application - Test & Version
        • Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Vehicle - Vehicle Order
          • Vehicle - Initialization
          • Vehicle - Service Function
          • Vehicle - Complete Encoding
        • CIP Functions - If Yes
        • CKM - Individualization (Vehicle & Key Memory)
        • ZCS Coding Procedure
          • Notes
          • Coding Control Modules That Store The ZCS
            • Notes
            • Manual Input of ZCS Data
          • Automatic Coding Procedure
          • Additional ZCS Coding Functions
            • Notes
            • Retrofit
            • Conversion
    • Diagnostic Equipment - Overview - All
      • Diagnostic Equipment
        • Group Tester One and OPPS
        • Group Tester One (GT1)
          • Notes
          • Control Panel
          • Monitor
            • Notes
            • Control Block
          • Control Panel Connections
            • Top
            • Bottom
          • Power Supply
          • DVD Drive
          • Docking Station
          • Bench Power Unit
          • Optical Keyboard
          • LAN Control Panel Cable (Crossed)
          • LAN Control Panel Adapter (Uncrossed)
          • LAN Control Panel Cable
          • MFK1 and MFK2
          • Touch Pen
          • Diagnostic Cable
            • Notes
            • OBD Diagnostic Cable
          • Diagnostic Head
          • Optional Cables
            • Notes
            • USB/Centronics Adapter
          • Battery
            • Notes
            • Replacing The Battery
          • Operation
          • Control Panel Faults
            • Notes
            • Touch Screen
            • Plug-in Connections
            • Printer
            • Accessories
            • Docking Station
            • Fault Codes
            • Diagnostic Head
        • Optical Testing and Programming System - OPPS
          • Notes
          • OPPS Specifications:
          • Included With OPPS:
          • Cable Setup #1 - To Be Used If The Network Is Not Operational (Using GT1)
          • Cable Setup #2 - To Be Used If The Workshop Network Is Operational (Using GT1)
            • Notes
            • Instructions
          • OPPS Connection
            • OBD & Network Connection
            • USB and Card connection
            • MOST Connection
            • Byteflight Connection
          • OBD Connections
          • E65/E66 CIP Programming Setup
          • E65/E66 Optical Bus And Harness Testing Setup
            • Notes
            • Control Module Testing
            • Control Module Harness Testing
        • Review Questions
    • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Check Filler Cap Indicator Light
        • National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Emission Reduction Stages
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • BMW Diagnostic Hardware
          • Notes
          • DIS Plus
          • Group Tester One (GT-1)
          • Optical Testing & Programming System (OPPS )
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Hard & Intermittent Failures
          • OBD-II Diagnostics
          • BMW Diagnostics
      • Drive Cycles
        • Readiness Code
        • Retrieving & Erasing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Programming
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming
          • E85 - Z4
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Cross-Reference & Tables
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes With Test Charts
          • Notes
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 1 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 2 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 3 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 4 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 5 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 6 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 LEV, M54B30 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Except Z4 2.5L); Engine Type: M54B30 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Except Z4 3.0L), 3BMXT03.0E5R - 7 Of 7)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type M54B25 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 1 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type M54B25 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 2 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 3 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 4 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 5 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 6 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 7 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 8 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0LER (Z4 2.5L Only); Engine Type M54B23 ULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0M5R (Z4 3.0L Only); Engine Type M56B25 SULEV/Test Group: 3BMXV02.5M56 - 9 Of 9)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 1 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 2 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 3 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 4 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 5 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 6 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 7 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 8 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 9 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M54B25 ULEV II/M54B30 ULEV II/Test Group: 3BMXV03.0UL2 - 10 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 1 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 2 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 3 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 4 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 5 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 6 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 7 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 8 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 9 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 10 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 11 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: M62B44 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.4LEV; 3BMXT004.4E53 Engine Type: M62B46 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXT04.6XHP - 12 Of 12)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 1 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 2 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 3 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 4 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 5 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 6 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 7 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 8 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 9 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 10 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S54B32 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV03.2S54 - 11 Of 11)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 1 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 2 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 3 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 4 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 5 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 6 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 7 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 8 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 9 Of 10)
          • DTC Chart (Engine Type: S62B49 LEV/Test Group: 3BMXV04.9S62 - 10 Of 10)
      • Test Group Identification
      • Test Group Diagnosis
        • Catalyst Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Misfire Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Evaporative System Monitoring
          • Evaporative Emissions
          • On-Board Refueling Vapor Recovery (ORVR)
          • 2003 BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Secondary Air Injection Monitoring
          • Notes
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Fuel System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Adaptation Values
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R, 3BMXT03.0E5R & 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 3BMXV04.4LEV, 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
        • Oxygen Sensor Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Oxygen Sensor Electrical Integrity Check
          • Oxygen Sensor Heater Check
          • Siemens Post-Catalyst Heater
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.0LER, 3BMXV03.0M5R & 3BMXT03.0E5R
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV02.5M56
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.0UL2
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV04.4LEV (540i), 3BMXT04.4E53 & 3BMXT04.6XHP
          • 2003 Test Groups: 3BMXV03.2S54 & 3BMXV04.9S62
    • Emissions - Overview
      • Emission Overview
        • Notes
        • Emissions Overview
          • What Is OBD?
          • What Happens If A Problem Is Detected?
          • What Is The Most Common Problem Detected By OBD?
            • Fuel Filler Cap
            • Misfire Detection
        • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
        • OBD History
          • Notes
          • OBD I
          • OBD II
          • Objectives Of OBD II
        • Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Notes
          • OBD II Emission Compliance Chart
        • System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Permanent Monitoring
          • Cyclic Monitoring
          • Drive Cycle
        • The "Malfunction Indicator Light" ( MIL) will be illuminated under the following conditions
        • Readiness Code
          • Notes
          • Readiness Code Using DISplus/MoDIC
        • OBD II Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
        • Scan Tool Connection
          • Notes
          • 20 Pin Diagnostic Socket Deletion
            • Model And Production Date: E46 From 6/00 E39, E52, E53 From 9/00
            • Diagnostics Via OBD II Connector
        • BMW Fault Code (DISplus/MoDIC)
          • Notes
          • OBD II Fault Memory and Fault Codes
          • Emission Control Function Monitoring & Comprehensive Component Monitoring
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Service Precautions
        • Disconnecting & Connecting Battery
        • Disconnecting & Connecting ECM/DME Control Module
        • Starting Aid
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression (6-Cylinder & V8)
          • Compression (V12)
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
        • Fuel Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • General Information
          • Fuel Pressure Related Problems
        • Fuel Injection
          • Oscilloscope Pattern
        • Fuel Volume & Pressure
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Relay
      • Ignition Systems
        • Servicing Precautions
        • Ignition System
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics (Various Coil Manufacturers)
          • Oscilloscope Pattern Diagnostics (Spark Plug Faults)
          • Ignition Voltage
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Digital Motor Electronics (DME) Control Unit
          • Notes
          • Ground, Power & Input/Output Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Sensors
        • Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Fuel Tank Pressure/Leak Detection Sensor
          • 7-Series
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • X5 (6-Cylinder) & E46
          • Z4 & M3
          • 7-Series (V8)
          • 7-Series (V12)
        • Hot-Film Air Mass Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Fuel Pressure Check (Lack Of Power)
          • Fuel Pressure Check (Hard Start)
          • Fuel Pressure & Volume
        • Fuel Control
          • Preliminary Check
          • Fuel Injector
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Cleaning
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Actuator Valve
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Direct Ignition System
          • Ignition System Testing (Siemmens 2003)
          • Checking Rod-Type Ignition Coils
          • Ignition Coil Resistance
          • Ignition Coil Primary Signal Check
          • Ignition Voltage Too High
          • Ignition Voltage Too Low
          • Ignition Coil
          • Ignition Coil Secondary Signal Check
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Fuel Evaporation
          • Fuel Cap Pressure Relief Valve Test
          • Fuel Tank Vent (Evaporation) Control Valve
        • Fuel Tank Leakage
          • Notes
          • Draining & Filling Fuel Tank
          • Leak Diagnosis Test - X5
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z3
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z4
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - Z8
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 3-Series (E46)
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 5-Series (E39) 6-Cylinder
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 5-Series (E39) V8
          • Checking Fuel Tank & Tank Venting System For Leaks With Tank Leakage Diagnosis Module (DM-TL) - 7-Series (E65/66)
          • Conducting Leak Test On Fuel Tank & Tank Ventilation System
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptoms
        • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Start (Will Not Crank)
        • Engine Cranks, But Fails To Start
        • Engine Backfires
        • Loss Of Power
        • Detonation (Engine Knock)
        • Stalls At Idle
        • Engine Runs Rough (Off Idle)
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
        • Engine Misfires - All Conditions
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Excessive Emissions
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
    • Mode 06 Data
      • Introduction
      • Mode 6
    • MODIC III - Overview - All Models
      • MoDiC III
        • Introduction
        • MoDiC Features
        • MoDiC Control Panel
        • Charger/Docking Station
          • Notes
          • Battery Charging
          • Printer Interface
          • Diagnostic Head
          • Temperature Monitoring
        • MoDiC Cables and Leads
          • Diagnostic Cable
          • Serial Interface Cable
          • DC Power Supply
          • Multi-Function Cable (MFK)
          • MFK1
          • MFK2
          • 50 AMP Current Clamp
        • MoDiC Operation
          • Notes
          • Suspend Mode
        • E46 Diagnostic Concept
          • Notes
          • Start Of Diagnosis
          • Vehicle Identification
          • Fault Symptom Selection
          • Test Schedule
          • Test Information
          • Measurement System
          • Voltage Measurement
          • "Expert Mode" Troubleshooting
          • Control Unit Functions
          • Service Functions
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
      • Understanding Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Plan
        • Verify the Complaint
          • Notes
          • Symptom
          • Steps to Verify The Complaint
        • Analyze The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Analyzing The Problem
        • Isolate The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Isolating The Problem
        • Repair The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps to Repairing The Problem:
        • Verify The Repair
        • The I.P.O. Principle
          • Notes
          • This is known as the I.P.O. Principle.
  • Theory and Operation
    • Emissions - Overview
      • Emission Overview
        • Notes
        • Emissions Overview
          • What Is OBD?
          • What Happens If A Problem Is Detected?
          • What Is The Most Common Problem Detected By OBD?
            • Fuel Filler Cap
            • Misfire Detection
        • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
        • OBD History
          • Notes
          • OBD I
          • OBD II
          • Objectives Of OBD II
        • Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Notes
          • OBD II Emission Compliance Chart
        • System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Permanent Monitoring
          • Cyclic Monitoring
          • Drive Cycle
        • The "Malfunction Indicator Light" ( MIL) will be illuminated under the following conditions
        • Readiness Code
          • Notes
          • Readiness Code Using DISplus/MoDIC
        • OBD II Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
        • Scan Tool Connection
          • Notes
          • 20 Pin Diagnostic Socket Deletion
            • Model And Production Date: E46 From 6/00 E39, E52, E53 From 9/00
            • Diagnostics Via OBD II Connector
        • BMW Fault Code (DISplus/MoDIC)
          • Notes
          • OBD II Fault Memory and Fault Codes
          • Emission Control Function Monitoring & Comprehensive Component Monitoring
    • Understanding Diagnostics - Overview
      • Understanding Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Plan
        • Verify the Complaint
          • Notes
          • Symptom
          • Steps to Verify The Complaint
        • Analyze The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Analyzing The Problem
        • Isolate The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps in Isolating The Problem
        • Repair The Problem
          • Notes
          • Steps to Repairing The Problem:
        • Verify The Repair
        • The I.P.O. Principle
          • Notes
          • This is known as the I.P.O. Principle.
  • Tune-Up
    • Engine Diagnosis - Overview
      • Engine Diagnosis
        • Engine Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Compression Testing
          • Cylinder Leakage Testing
            • Notes
            • Workshop Hints on Cylinder Leakage Testing
          • Cylinder Arrangement And Firing Order
          • Ignition System Diagnosis
          • Fuel System Testing
            • Notes
            • Fuel Volume Testing
            • Residual Pressure
              • Notes
              • Fuel System - E32 with M60
              • Fuel System - E39/E46 with M54
              • Fuel System - E60
          • Engine Adaptation Values
          • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
          • Smooth Running Measurement
          • Valvetronic N62
          • N62 Engine Testing
          • MKA Adapter
          • Compression Test N62
            • Notes
            • Manual Compression Test (N62)
          • Rough Running Diagnosis (N62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 Contents of Engine Electrical System General
        • 12 00 ... Information on working on ignition system
          • Safety instructions:
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for removing and installing electronic control units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for welding work (overload protection of control units)
      • Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for connecting and disconnecting test units
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on component testing
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
          • Notes
          • Preparation:
          • Carrying out:
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
          • Troubleshooting
            • Fault In Fuel Injection System
            • Spark-Plug Faults
            • Ignition Coil Faults
            • Further Fault Patterns With Evaluation
            • Additional Fault Notes For Troubleshooting
          • Oscillograms
            • Normal Oscillogram (M, S, W Engines Only)
            • Oscillograms of ignition coils from different manufacturers
      • Ignition wires, Spark Plugs
        • 12 12 011 Replacing all spark plugs (S62)
      • Ignition Coil
        • 12 13 Notes on checking ignition system
        • 12 13 ... Checking secondary signal for stationary ignition distribution
        • 12 13 ... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (M60, M62, S62)
        • 12 13 009 Checking ignition coils (secondary coil)
        • 12 13 511 Replacing ignition coil (S62)
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 520 Replacing pulse generator (M62)
        • 12 14 523 Replacing pulse generator for inlet camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 524 Replacing pulse generator for exhaust camshaft (S62)
        • 12 14 550 Replacing control unit (DME) (S62)
        • 12 14 610 Replacing right knock sensors (cylinder bank 1-4) (S62)
        • 12 14 611 Replacing left knock sensors (cylinder bank 5-8) (S62)
        • 12 14 700 Coding control module (DME / DDE)
        • 12 14 705 Programming control unit (DME / DDE)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
        • 13 63 555 Replacing throttle potentiometer (S62)
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 ... Replacing alternator belt pulley
        • 12 31 020 Removing and installing/replacing alternator (S62)
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 501 Replacing voltage regulator (Valeo/Bosch)
          • Notes
          • Valeo alternator:
          • Bosch alternator:
      • Starter With Mounting
        • 12 41 020 Removing and installing/replacing starter (S62)
        • 12 41 041 Replacing solenoid switch
      • Starter Lead
        • 12 42 500 Removing and installing or replacing battery positive lead (S62)
        • 12 42 540 Replacing safety battery terminal (SBK)
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 001 Replacing wiring harness section for engine (S62)
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 280 Removing and installing/replacing oil pressure switch (S62)
        • 12 61 285 Replacing level switch for engine oil
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 500 Replacing coolant temperature sensor (DME) (S62)
      • Switches And Relays
        • 12 63 500 Replacing temperature sensor for electronics box (S62)
        • 12 63 520 Replacing main relay (S62)
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 010 Removing and installing/replacing throttle actuator (S62)
    • Engine Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 12 1 305 Zero-coded cover cap for 52-pin test box (12 1300/304)
      • 12 6 050 Switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 6 410 Adapter lead and switching unit
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 12 7 060 Antistatic mat (ESD)
      • 12 7 121 Counterholder wrench
      • 12 7 122 Socket
      • 12 7 190 Eprom tools / ID marking
      • 12 7 200 Set of tools
      • 12 7 210 Control unit seal
    • Engine Electrical System - Technical Data
      • Ignition wires, spark
        • 12 12 Ignition Harness, Spark Plugs S62
      • Electronic switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units E52 / S62 B50
    • Engine Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Ignition Wires Spark
        • 12 12 Spark Plugs
      • Electronic Switching
        • 12 14 Electronic Shift Units or Control Units
      • Alternator With Drive
        • 12 31 Alternator with Drive and Mounting Parts
      • Regulator
        • 12 32 Governor
      • Starter and Mounting
        • 12 41 Starter and Mounting Parts
      • Starter With Lead
        • 12 42 Wires to starter
      • Engine Wiring Loom
        • 12 51 Engine wiring harness
      • Oil Pressure, Oil Temperature
        • 12 61 Oil pressure, oil temperature, oil level display
      • Coolant Temperature
        • 12 62 Coolant Temperature
      • Sensor for Control Unit
        • 12 72 Senders for Control Unit
      • Control Unit Box
        • 12 90 Control Unit Housing
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Body Controls
      • Engine Controls
      • All Models
      • Component Activation
      • Power Window Calibration
        • 7-Series
        • Except 7-Series
      • Sun Roof Calibration
        • 3-Series
  • Drive Cycles
    • Emissions - Overview
      • Emission Overview
        • Notes
        • Emissions Overview
          • What Is OBD?
          • What Happens If A Problem Is Detected?
          • What Is The Most Common Problem Detected By OBD?
            • Fuel Filler Cap
            • Misfire Detection
        • Engine Misfire Diagnosis
        • OBD History
          • Notes
          • OBD I
          • OBD II
          • Objectives Of OBD II
        • Overview of the National Low Emission Vehicle Program
          • Notes
          • OBD II Emission Compliance Chart
        • System Monitoring
          • Notes
          • Permanent Monitoring
          • Cyclic Monitoring
          • Drive Cycle
        • The "Malfunction Indicator Light" ( MIL) will be illuminated under the following conditions
        • Readiness Code
          • Notes
          • Readiness Code Using DISplus/MoDIC
        • OBD II Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC)
        • Scan Tool Connection
          • Notes
          • 20 Pin Diagnostic Socket Deletion
            • Model And Production Date: E46 From 6/00 E39, E52, E53 From 9/00
            • Diagnostics Via OBD II Connector
        • BMW Fault Code (DISplus/MoDIC)
          • Notes
          • OBD II Fault Memory and Fault Codes
          • Emission Control Function Monitoring & Comprehensive Component Monitoring
    • OBD-II Drive Cycles
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Drive Cycle
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • DTC Index (Engine)
      • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MSS54, ENGINE: S54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MSS52, ENGINE: S62, FROM 9-1-02 To 8-1-03
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS43, ENGINE: M54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2-28-03
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: ME7.2, ENGINE: M62 E53, FROM 10-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS45, ENGINE: M54, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS45, ENGINE: M56, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: MS43, ENGINE: M54, FROM 3-1-03 To 2003
        • SELF-DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES (DTC) LIST - ECU: ME7.2, ENGINE: M62 E39, FROM 9-1-02 To 2003
    • DTC Index (Transmission)
      • Self-Diagnostics (Transmission) DTCS
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3, 318i & 318ti (1/96-8/96)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3, 318i & 318ti (9/96-8/97)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES Z3 (10/97-8/98), 318i (9/97-6/98) & 318ti (9/97-6/98)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 318ti (9/98-12/98)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder : M52 - 2.8L (11/95-8/96)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (3-Series - 9/96-8/97) & 5-Series (3/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (M3 - 4/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (9/97-8/98)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (323i, 328i & 528i - 9/98-5/99)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (M COUPE, M ROADSTER, M3, Z3, 328is, 528i - 9/98-5/99)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (Z3 - 6/99-5/00)
        • DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODES 6-CYLINDER (323i, 328i & 528i - 6/99-8/00)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder (4/00-9/01)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: ZF Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 5HP19 Transmission (9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm5 Transmission (9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: SMG Transmission (3/03-2003)
        • DTC Index (Transmission)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 5HP19 (5-Speed) - AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: 6HP19 (6-Speed) - AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Non-AWD Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: Gm5 - AWD (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes 6-Cylinder: SMG Transmission (2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8: Transmission (1/96-8/97)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/97-8/00)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/00-8/01)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (9/01-8/02)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 Transmission (5-Speed - 9/02-2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8: Transmission (SMG - 2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 & V12 Transmission (6-Speed - 2003)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V8 & V12 Transmission (6-Speed - 2004)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1996)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1997)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (1998-2000)
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes V12 Transmission (2001)
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Identification
    • BMW Model & Engine Identification
      • Model Identification
        • Model Year Index
        • 1984
        • 1985
        • 1986
        • 1987
        • 1988
        • 1989
        • 1990
        • 1991
        • 1992
        • 1993
        • 1994
        • 1995
        • 1996
        • 1997
        • 1998
        • 1999
        • 2000
        • 2001
        • 2002
        • 2003
        • 2004
        • 2005
        • 2006
        • 2007
        • 2008
        • 2009
        • 2010
        • 2011
        • 2012
        • 2013
        • 2014
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
    • Euro English-To-U.S. Translations
      • Introduction
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • BMW Features - Overview - All Models
      • BMW Features
        • Introduction
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Keys
            • Notes
            • Replacement Keys
            • Operation Of Radio Transmitter Keys (FZV)
          • Locking System
            • Operation Of Locks
            • Models Before M.Y. 99
            • Models M.Y. 99 And Later
            • Emergency Lock Operation Of The Doors And Trunk
            • Emergency Unlocking Of The Fuel Filler Flap
            • Emergency Opening Of Liftgates And Tailgates On Sport Wagons And SAVs
            • E39 Sport Wagon
            • E46 Sport Wagon
            • Child Safety Locks
            • Valet (Hotel) Locking
            • Glove Box Locking
          • Sunroof Operation
            • Lifting, Opening, And Closing
            • Safety Feature
            • Power Loss
            • Manual Operation
          • Automatic Convertible Top Operation
            • E36 Convertible
            • Convenience Closing From Drivers Door Lock
            • Emergency Closing Procedures
            • Z3 Roadster
            • E46 Convertible
            • Convenience Opening/Closing
            • Emergency Opening/Closing Procedures
            • Z8 Roadster
            • Emergency Opening/Closing Procedure
          • Passive Safety Systems And Airbags
            • Notes
            • Automatic Front Safety-Belt Tensioners
            • Airbags
            • Front Airbags
            • Side And Head Protection Airbags
            • Battery Safety Terminal
            • Interior
            • Rollover Protection System
            • E36 RPS Reset
            • E46 RPS Reset
            • Child Restraint Systems
            • Never Install A Child Safety Seat Rear-Facing In Front Of An Airbag
            • Installation In Vehicles Before The UCSSS
            • Typical Sedan And Coupe Location
            • Typical Sport Wagon Location
            • Instrument Cluster
          • Instrument Cluster Self Test Functions
            • Notes
            • Instrument Cluster Test for Basic Clusters (E39, E46, E52, E53)
            • Instrument Cluster Tests For High Clusters (E38, E39, E53)
          • Multi-Information Displays, Audio Systems And Board Computers
            • Notes
            • E39/E53 Mid
            • Onboard Computer (BC)
            • Remote Control
            • Emergency Deactivation Of Code Function
          • Base Onboard Computer
          • MID Self Test
            • Notes
            • Unit Identification
            • Display Test
            • Button Test
            • Volume Control Test
            • Status LED Test
          • Radio Service Modes
          • Onboard Monitor System
          • Board Monitor Service Mode
            • Notes
            • Multifunction Steering Wheel (MFL)
            • Standard Steering Wheel
            • Sports Steering Wheel
          • Park Distance Control (PDC)
          • Rain Sensor (AIC)
          • Universal Transmitter
            • Notes
            • Programming
          • Using Memory Storage For Seat, Steering And Mirrors
            • Notes
            • To Recall A Stored Position
          • Fuse Locations
            • Notes
            • 3 Series Locations
            • 5 Series And X5
            • 7 Series Locations
            • 8 Series And Z8
          • Jump Starting
    • Coding And Programming - Overview - All Models
      • Coding & Programming
        • Notes
        • What is the Purpose of Coding and Programming?
        • Where is the Data Stored in a Control Module?
          • Notes
          • EPROM (Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory)
          • EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory)
        • What is the Difference Between Coding and Programming
          • Coding
          • Programming
        • Central Coding Key (ZCS)
          • Notes
          • ZCS Structure
          • ZCS Electronic Storage Locations
          • Central Coding Code Labels
          • ZCS Coding Procedures
            • Notes
            • Automatic ZCS Retrieval and Coding of Control Modules
            • Automatic Coding Procedure
            • Manual Input of ZCS Code
            • Manual ZCS Coding Procedure
          • Other Coding Software Tools
            • Retrofit
            • Display of ZCS for Printout
            • Conversion
            • Service Measures
        • DME Variant Code
          • Notes
          • Variant Code Structure
          • Variant Code Identification and Display
          • Variant Encoding Procedure
            • Notes
            • Procedure for Adopting Existing Variant Code
            • Manually Entering the Variant Code
            • Recoding
          • DME Variant Codes
        • DME Control Module Programming
          • Notes
          • Storage of Programming Data
          • Programming a replacement basic control module:
          • Programming Update:
          • EPROM Replacement and Programming
          • Control Module Identification
          • Programming Procedure
          • Programming Procedures for "Customer Service Measures"
            • Notes
            • Programming Procedures for "Exchange Control Unit"
          • Programming Procedures for "Exchange EPROM"
        • Flash Programming
          • Notes
          • Procedure for Flash Programming a Control Unit.
    • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • * Please Read This First *
      • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • Application
        • Notes
        • Introduction/Engine/VIN Id
      • Emission Applications
        • Notes
        • Emission Application Tables
      • Specifications
        • Notes
        • Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Adjustment
        • Notes
        • On-Vehicle Adjustments
      • Theory & Operation
      • Testing & Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Basic Diagnostic Procedures/Basic Testing
        • Self-Diagnostics/Tests W/Codes
        • Trouble Shooting - No Codes/Tests W/O Codes
        • System & Component Testing
      • Pin Voltage Charts
      • Sensor Range Charts
        • Notes
        • Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams - Engine Performance
        • Notes
        • 2002 & Earlier
        • 2003 & Later
    • Introduction & History - Z8
      • Introduction & History
        • History
          • Z8 (E52) Complete Vehicle
        • Introduction
        • Vehicle Dimensions
        • Technical Data
        • Vehicles In Same Market Segment
    • Maintenance And General Information - Repair Instructions
      • 00 .. ... Lifting vehicle with a lifting platform
      • 00 ... ... Notes on Using Repair Instructions, Technical Data, Tightening Torques
      • 00 ... ... Raising vehicle with trolley jack (vehicle equipped with jacking point)
        • Notes
        • Raising vehicle at front:
        • Raising vehicle at rear:
      • 00 00 ... Battery: check acid level, top up with distilled water if necessary. If necessary, recharge battery.
      • 00 00 ... Body and underbody: checking for corrosion and damage
      • 00 00 ... Body and underbody: checking for corrosion and damage - except cavities
      • 00 00 ... Brake and clutch hydraulic system: checking fluid level, topping up if necessary
      • 00 00 ... Brake lines and connections: visual inspection for leaks, damage and correct position
      • 00 00 ... Changing brake fluid
      • 00 00 ... Changing coolant
      • 00 00 ... Changing differential oil
      • 00 00 ... Changing engine oil and oil filter
      • 00 00 ... Changing manual transmission (gear) oil
      • 00 00 ... Checking coolant level In event of topping up: checking concentration
      • 00 00 ... Checking handbrake lever travel, adjusting according to setting specifications if necessary
      • 00 00 ... Checking horn, headlight flashers and hazard warning system
      • 00 00 ... Checking instrument and indication field lighting, heater blower
      • 00 00 ... Checking lighting system
      • 00 00 ... Checking roadworthiness
      • 00 00 ... Diagnostic brief test
      • 00 00 ... Engine oil service
      • 00 00 ... Exhaust system: checking condition, suspension, for leaks
      • 00 00 ... Fault memory interrogation
      • 00 00 ... Front and rear brake linings: checking lining thickness with measuring gauge. If linings are replaced: cleaning brake shafts, checking brake disk thickness and surface, applying grease to wheel centering on alloy wheels. If rear linings are replaced: checking parking brake linings
      • 00 00 ... Fuel lines, hoses and tank(s): visual inspection for routing, condition and leaks
      • (00 00 ... Heating/air conditioning: replacing microfilter/carbon canister (shorten replacement interval accordingly in event of larger buildup of dust))
      • 00 00 ... Information / warning labels
      • 00 00 ... Intake muffler: replacing air cleaner element (shorten replacement interval accordingly in event of larger buildup of dust)
      • 00 00 ... Locking systems: checking status and function, oiling or greasing if necessary
      • 00 00 ... Output shafts: checking gaiters for leaks
      • 00 00 ... Parking brake: checking function, adjusting/repairing as prescribed
      • 00 00 ... Parking brake: checking lining thickness
      • 00 00 ... Positioning of multitrailer hood for maintenance and repair work
      • 00 00 ... Raising BMW multi-trailer
      • 00 00 ... Replacing spark plugs
      • 00 00 ... Resetting service interval indicator according to factory specifications
      • 00 00 ... Seat belts: checking condition of belt strap, function of inertia reel mechanism, locking reel, belt buckle
      • 00 00 ... Steering components: checking for zero clearance, leaks, damage and wear
      • 00 00 ... Steering fluid reservoir: checking fluid level, topping up if necessary
      • 00 00 ... Tires: checking inflation pressure, correcting if necessary (incl. spare wheel), checking external condition, tread depth, pattern. In event of nonuniform wear, carry out measurement and correction of wheel alignment
      • 00 00 ... Transmission (all gears): visually inspect for leaks.
      • 00 00 ... Underfloor incl. all visible components: checking for damage, leaks, corrosion Visual inspection in visible area for:
      • 00 00 ... Upkeep measures for stored vehicles (new and used cars) and vehicles to be laid up at customer's premises
      • 00 00 ... Windshield wash/wipe system: checking wiper reservoir and spray nozzle adjustment
      • 00 00 ... Windshield washer system and intensive cleaning system: checking fluid level, topping up if necessary
      • 00 00 210 BMW running-in inspection incl. used-oil disposal (S62)
      • 00 00 250 BMW engine oil service incl. supplementary service (S62)
        • Notes
        • Engine oil service:
      • 00 11 229 Oil change in manual transmission
      • 00 11 259 Replenishing / changing rear differential oil
    • Maintenance And General Information - Special Tools
      • 00 0 010 Special tool board I complete.
      • 00 0 020 Special tool board II complete
      • 00 0 030 Special tool board III complete
      • 00 0 040 Special tool board IV complete
      • 00 0 050 Caption board: "SPECIAL TOOLS"
      • 00 0 051 Film sheet, German
      • 00 0 052 Film sheet, English
      • 00 0 053 Film sheet, French
      • 00 0 054 Film sheet, Dutch
      • 00 0 055 Film sheet, Italian
      • 00 0 056 Film sheet, Spanish
      • 00 0 060 Special tool board V complete
      • 00 0 070 Special tool cabinet, length 6 m
      • 00 0 080 Folding index
      • 00 0 120 Cardboard box (set) for cable cabinet
      • 00 0 130 Special tool board VI complete
      • 00 0 150 Special tool cabinet
      • 00 0 170 Parts cabinet
      • 00 0 180 Cable cabinet II, complete
      • 00 0 190 Cable cabinet I, complete
      • 00 0 200 Cross member
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 0 210 Conversion kit
      • 00 0 220 Special tool cabinet, length 2 m
      • 00 0 230 Holders and rollers
      • 00 0 240 Small moving special tool board without films
      • 00 0 250 Shelf
      • 00 0 260 Drawer block
      • 00 0 270 Rear panel (2 pcs.)
      • 00 0 280 Film sheet and hook sets from special tool board VII
      • 00 0 334 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 335 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 336 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 337 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 338 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 339 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 341 Supplementary film / hook set
      • 00 0 342 Supplementary film and hook set
      • 00 0 343 Film and hook set
      • 00 0 344 Film and hook set
      • 00 0 450 Cross-member / sub-no.
      • 00 1 000 Special tool cabinet, length 6 m, complete current range of equipment.
      • 00 1 010 Special tool cabinet, length 4 m and 2 m, complete current range of equipment.
      • 00 1 140 E87 film and hook set
      • 00 1 150 N 52 film and hook set
      • 00 1 300 Tool cabinet, USA version, complete
      • 00 1 310 Tool boards, complete, USA version
      • 00 1 320 Film set, complete, USA version
      • 00 1 340 Hook set, complete, for 00 1 300, USA version
      • 00 1 450 Assembly stand
      • 00 1 490 Assembly stand
      • 00 2 030 Universal hydro-lifter basic unit
      • 00 2 040 Basic take-up fixture
      • 00 2 080 Hand pump
      • 00 2 210 Exhaust pipe cutter
      • 00 2 220 Wrench sockets 11 /10 A/F
      • 00 2 250 Special pliers for cable reconditioning
      • 00 2 480 Measurement stand with clamp
      • 00 2 510 Dial gauge with feeler
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 2 520 Torx sockets E10, E12, E14
      • 00 2 550 Depth gauge
      • 00 2 590 Plastigage (5)
      • 00 3 520 Valve seat turning tool in case (Hunger)
      • 00 3 580 Set of valve seat milling cutters in case (Neway)
      • 00 4 210 Seat of reamers with guide cones 6, 7 and 8 mm
      • 00 4 420 Charger
      • 00 5 010 Universal puller
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 5 030 Special pliers for seat belt limiter
      • 00 5 040 Riveting tool
      • 00 5 500 Handle for drifts
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 7 500 Universal puller Kukko 17/K
      • 00 8 000 Hydraulic puller tool
      • 00 8 600 Hook set
      • 00 8 660 Magnet
      • 00 8 690 Washers and screws
      • 00 9 11 0 Circlip pliers
      • 00 9 120 Torque angle measuring dial
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 9 130 Magnet with 1/2" connection
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 9 220 Bending lever (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 9 290 Riveting tool
      • 00 9 310 Assembly wedges (13)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 9 330 Windscreen wiper setting tool
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 00 9 340 Disassembly aid (2)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
    • Maintenance And General Information - Tightening Torques
      • BMW Standard
      • M10 And M10 X 1 - Maximum Tightening Torque
      • M12 and M12 x 1.5 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M14 and M14 x 1.5 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M16 and M16 x 1.5 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M18 and M18 x 1.5 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M4 and M5 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M6 and M7 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
      • M8 and M8 x 1 - MAXIMUM TIGHTENING TORQUE
    • Operating Fluids - Maintenance & General Information
      • 1.0 Introduction
      • 2.0 Corrosion Protection For Vehicle In Long-term Storage
        • Notes
        • Pre-Delivery Cars
        • Exterior Finish
      • 3.0 Conversion Table
      • 4.0 Alternate Universal Lubricants And Workshop Supplies
      • 5.0 Approved Operating Fluids Sources
    • Service & Maintenance - Overview - All Models
      • Service And Maintenance
        • Service Interval Indicator System (SIA)
          • Purpose Of The System
        • SIA II
          • Models: All
            • Production: 1986 Up To 1996
          • Instrument Cluster With LED Display
          • DME
          • Vehicle Speed Input
          • Engine Temperature Sensor
          • Principle Of Operation
          • Workshop Hints
          • Reset Procedure Using Special Tool
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Diagnosis
        • SIA III
          • Models: E38, E39, E53, E36/5, /7
          • Instrument Cluster (IKE, KOMBI) With LED Display
          • DME
          • Principle Of Operation
          • Workshop Hints
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Diagnosis
          • Read SIA Data
        • SIA IV
          • Models: E46 And E52
            • From Start Of Production
            • Instrument Cluster (IKE, KOMBI) With LED Display
          • DME
          • ASC/DSC Control Module
          • Principle Of Operation
          • Workshop Hints
          • Reset Procedure Using The Reset Mode (Possible From 9/99 Onward For E46, MY 2001 E52)
          • Reset Using Diagnosis Program
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Diagnosis
    • Service Maintenance Procedures - Overview - All Models
      • Service Maintenance Procedures
        • Introduction
        • Quality Certification I
          • Notes
          • Display Vehicle Check
          • Delivery Check
        • BMW Engine Oil Service
          • Notes
          • Checking Thickness Of Brake Linings
          • Microfilter Replacement
          • Brake Fluid Service
          • Engine Coolant Service
          • Oxygen Sensor Service
          • Spark Plug Service
          • Servicing The M-Mobility System (Motorsport Models Only)
        • Additional Services
          • Changing Differential Oil
          • Changing Transmission Oil
    • Technical Systems
      • Introduction To BMW
        • BMW Model Identification
          • Notes
          • External Designations
          • Internal Designations
          • Model Identification
        • Vehicle Identification Numbers
          • Notes
          • VIN Location On Vehicle
          • Vehicle Production Dates
          • Vehicle Production Anti-Theft Labels
        • Paint Code Identification
        • Engine Identification
          • Notes
          • Engine Specification Plate Locations
        • Transmission Identification
        • Vehicle Transmissions
          • Automatic Transmissions
          • Manual Transmissions
          • Transmission Data Plate
        • BMW Abbreviations and Acronyms
  • Reset Procedures
    • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
      • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder
        • Notes
        • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
          • Notes
          • CBS Reset With Diagnosis System
          • CBS Reset In The Car
          • CBS Reset Of Inspections/Tests Required By Law
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
        • Notes
        • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder
        • Notes
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Description
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
          • Notes
          • Resetting Service Interval Indicator
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
      • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
        • Notes
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
          • Resetting TPM With iDrive
          • Resetting TPM Without iDrive
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
          • With iDrive
            • Indirect System (Flat Tire Monitor)
            • Direct System (Tire Pressure Monitor)
          • Without iDrive
            • Indirect System (Flat Tire Monitor)
            • Direct System (Tire Pressure Monitor)
        • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
    • Tire Pressure Monitor Systems
      • Description & Operation
        • Tire Pressure Monitor (TPM) System
        • Tire Pressure Monitor Warning Light
      • TPMS Reset Procedures
        • Notes
        • Tire Pressure Monitor System REINITIALIZATION
      • Dismounting/Mounting Procedures
      • Torque Specifications
  • Restraints
    • Air Bag Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • ACURA
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (MDX)
          • Activating Air Bag System (MDX)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (RSX)
          • Activating Air Bag System (RSX)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (3.2CL & 3.5RL)
          • Activating Air Bag System (3.2CL & 3.5RL)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (3.2TL)
          • Activating Air Bag System (3.2TL)
      • AUDI
        • System Operation Check
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
      • BMW
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • HONDA
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Civic)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Civic)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Activating Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Element)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Element)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Pilot)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Pilot)
      • HYUNDAI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • INFINITI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • ISUZU
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (Axiom, Rodeo & Rodeo Sport)
          • Activating System (Axiom, Rodeo & Rodeo Sport)
          • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint (SIR) Disabling & Enabling Zones (Ascender)
          • Disabling System (Ascender)
          • Activating System (Ascender)
      • Jaguar
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • XJR & XJ8
          • XK Series
          • J-Type
          • X-Type
      • KIA
        • System Operation Check
          • Optima, Magentis (Canadian), Sedona & Sorento
          • Rio & Spectra
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Optima, Magentis (Canadian), Sedona & Sorento
          • Rio & Spectra
      • Land Rover
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • LEXUS
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MAZDA
        • System Operation Check
          • B Series Pickup & Tribute
          • Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata & Protege
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (B Series Pickup)
          • Activating System (B Series Pickup)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disabling System (Tribute)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Tribute)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MITSUBISHI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • NISSAN
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • PORSCHE
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SAAB
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUBARU
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUZUKI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Aerio)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Aerio)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Grand Vitara, Vitara & XL-7)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Grand Vitara, Vitara & XL-7)
      • TOYOTA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • VOLKSWAGEN
        • System Operation Check
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
      • VOLVO
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • S40 & V40
          • S60, V70, XC70, XC90 & S80 - Built After Chassis Number 29668
          • S60, V70, XC70, XC90 & S80 - Built Before Chassis Number 29668
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
      • ALFA Romeo (1991-95)
      • AUDI (1989-04)
      • BMW (1986-04)
      • Jaguar (1990-04)
      • Land Rover (1995-04)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ (1986-04)
      • Mini (2002-04)
      • PORSCHE (1987-04)
      • SAAB (1989-04)
      • VOLKSWAGEN (1990-04)
      • VOLVO (1987-04)
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Specifications Index
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • General Servicing
    • Cabin Air Filter
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
          • Removal & Installation
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Repair
      • Heater With Operation
        • 64 11 ... Installing servodrive
        • 64 11 205 Removing and installing/replacing heater (A/C control)
        • 64 11 213 Removing and installing/replacing blower for heater/air conditioner
        • 64 11 220 Removing and installing/replacing resistor for heater blower
        • 64 11 262 Removing and installing / replacing auxiliary water pump
        • 64 11 271 Replacing water valve for heater
        • 64 11 331 Replacing heating controls
        • 64 11 748 Removing and installing heater control
        • 64 11 820 Replacing servodrive of fresh air flap
        • 64 11 825 Replacing servodrive of recirculated air flaps
        • 64 11 829 Replacing servodrive of ventilation flaps
        • 64 11 834 Replacing servodrive of stratification flap
        • 64 11 839 Replacing servodrive of footwell flap
        • 64 11 845 Replacing servodrive of defrosting flaps
      • Nozzle and Outlets
        • 64 22 135 Removing and installing/replacing left fresh-air grill
        • 64 22 136 Removing and installing/replacing right fresh-air grille
        • 64 22 161 Removing and installing/replacing fresh-air grille center
      • Microfilter
        • 64 31 010 Replacing microfilter for interior ventilation
      • Air Conditioning System
        • 64 50 ... Air conditioner test (R 134a)
        • 64 50 ... Leak-testing with leak tester device
        • 64 50 ... Removing and installing/replacing pressure fan for condenser
        • 64 50 ... Safety instructions for handling refrigerant R 134a
        • 64 50 ... Safety precautions when handling refrigerant oil (for refrigerant R 134a)
        • 64 50 009 Drawing off, evacuating and filling A/C system (R 134a)
      • AC Housing - Evaporator
        • 64 51 522 Removing and installing/replacing expansion valve
      • Compressor
        • 64 52 ... Instructions for compressor replacement
        • 64 52 520 Removing and installing/replacing complete A/C compressor
      • Condenser and Dryer
        • 17 11 530 Removing and installing cassette (condenser for air conditioner)
        • 64 50 ... Removing and installing/replacing pressure fan for condenser
        • 64 53 ... Notes on replacing drier bottle or drier insert
        • 64 53 510 Removing and installing / replacing drier flask for air conditioner
        • 64 53 550 Removing and installing or replacing condenser for air conditioner
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Special Tools
      • 64 1 020 Release hook
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 64 1 251 Spray lance, RHD vehicles
      • 64 1 252 Guide
      • 64 1 491 Spray lance (LHD vehicles)
      • 64 1 492 Guide for spray lance (LHD vehicles)
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Technical Data
      • Air Conditioning system
        • 64 50 A/C system, refrigerant amounts E52
        • 64 50 A/C system, refrigerant amounts E46
      • AC housing-evaporator
        • 64 51 Air Conditioner (evaporator), Shift Elements
        • 64 51 Air Conditioner (expansion valve), Shift Elements
    • Heating And Air Conditioning - Tightening Torques
      • 64 12 Additional Heater with Controls
      • 64 51 Air Conditioner (Evaporator) Control Units
      • Compressor
        • 64 52 A/C compressor
      • Condenser And Dryer
        • 64 53 Condenser and Drier with Pipes
    • Operating Fluids - Air Conditioning And Heating
      • 1.0 Air Conditioner Refrigerant
        • Freon(R)
        • Safety Warning
        • HFC-134a
      • 2.0 Refrigeration Oil
        • Oil Used in Freon(R)-Charged Systems
        • Oil Used in R-134a-Charged Systems:
      • 3.0 Air Conditioning Unit Disinfectants
      • 4.0 Air Conditioner Refrigeration/Oil Fill Capacities
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant, Special Features, Production Range, Fill Capacity g (lbs), Fill Capacity ml (oz), BMW P/N
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Brake Pad Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Notes
        • CBS Reset With Diagnosis System
        • CBS Reset In The Car
        • CBS Reset Of Inspections/Tests Required By Law
    • Emissions Maintenance Reminder
      • Notes
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Emissions Maintenance Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
    • Maintenance Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Description
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
        • Notes
        • Resetting Service Interval Indicator
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Resetting TPM With iDrive
        • Resetting TPM Without iDrive
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • With iDrive
          • Indirect System (Flat Tire Monitor)
          • Direct System (Tire Pressure Monitor)
        • Without iDrive
          • Indirect System (Flat Tire Monitor)
          • Direct System (Tire Pressure Monitor)
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • 2000-03 Restraints
      • AIRBAG Triggering Unit
        • 65 77 016 Removing And Installing Airbag Control Unit
        • 65 77 518 Replacing AIRBAG control unit
        • 65 77 550 Removing and installing/replacing impact sensor for left or right side AIRBAG
    • Air Bag - Trouble Codes
      • Identification
      • SRS Diagnostic Trouble Code Tables
        • SRS 1
        • SRS 2
        • MRS
        • MRS2
        • MRS3
        • BAE & ZAE
        • ZAE2
        • 5WK4 060
        • MRS4
    • Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables - EUROPEAN
      • ALFA Romeo (1991-95)
      • AUDI (1989-04)
      • BMW (1986-04)
      • Jaguar (1990-04)
      • Land Rover (1995-04)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ (1986-04)
      • Mini (2002-04)
      • PORSCHE (1987-04)
      • SAAB (1989-04)
      • VOLKSWAGEN (1990-04)
      • VOLVO (1987-04)
    • Airbag Triggering Control - Tightening Torques
      • Airbag Triggering Unit
        • 65 77 Airbag triggering control
    • General Electrical System - Repair Instructions
      • Troubleshooting
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Wiring harness
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front left
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at front right
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness at rear
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for left door
        • 61 11 ... Replacing wiring harness for right door
      • Auxiliary Cable
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
      • Plug connection terminals
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 Special tools for wiring harness repairs
        • 61 13 ... Unlocking and disconnecting different plug connections
        • 61 13 ... Antenna elbow plug on radio receiver
        • 61 13 ... Base of tab connector housings
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Power Quadlock contacts (MPQ)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping Micro Quadlock System contacts (MQS)
        • 61 13 ... Crimping annular contacts
        • 61 13 ... Crimping optical fibres
        • 61 13 ... Cutting off, stripping insulation and cutting optical fibres to length
        • 61 13 ... Opening plug housings and removing contacts of different plug systems
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
        • 61 13 ... Repairing ribbon cables
        • 61 13 ... Retaining bracket
        • 61 13 ... Socket housing (radio plug), Hybrid System MQS/MPQ
      • Battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions for disconnecting and connecting battery
        • 12 00 ... Instructions on starting aid
        • 61 00 ... Battery
        • 61 00 ... Battery charging
        • 61 00 ... Safety instructions for handling vehicle battery
        • 61 20 ... Threshold values for battery inspection of all battery (telephone except for telephone battery)
        • 61 20 ... Battery open-circuit current test
      • Switch
        • 61 31 016 Removing and installing/replacing turn indicator/dimmer stalk
        • 61 31 018 Removing and installing/replacing cruise control switch
        • 61 31 022 Removing and installing steering lock/ignition starter switch
        • 61 31 028 Removing and installing/replacing light switch
        • 61 31 035 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for steering column adjustment
        • 61 31 040 Removing and installing/replacing stalk for windshield wipers
        • 61 31 047 Removing and installing/replacing dimmer switch for instrument panel lighting
        • 61 31 071 Removing and installing/replacing switch for rear fog light
        • 61 31 080 Removing and installing/replacing switch for hazard warning lights
        • 61 31 089 Removing and installing/replacing switch for tire pressure warning
        • 61 31 090 Removing and installing / replacing switch for left or right seat heating
        • 61 31 115 Replacing rocker switch for power window operation
        • 61 31 204 Replacing switch combination for seat adjustment
        • 61 31 212 Removing and installing/replacing switch for automatic/dynamic stability control
        • 61 31 241 Removing and installing/replacing engine hood contact switch
        • 61 31 255 Replacing switch for outside mirror
        • 61 31 287 Removing and installing/replacing driving dynamics switch
        • 61 31 292 Replacing clutch switch for starter interlock
        • 61 31 295 Replacing clutch switch for cruise control system
        • 61 31 310 Replacing brake light switch
        • 61 31 440 Removing and installing/replacing temperature switch for heated windshield spray jets
        • 61 31 578 Removing and installing/replacing switch for convertible top operation
        • 61 31 582 Removing and installing / replacing switch for central locking system
      • Horn
        • 61 33 000 Replacing horn (anti-theft system)
        • 61 33 040 Removing and installing/replacing a fanfare horn
        • 61 33 060 Removing and installing/replacing both fanfare horns
      • ECUs, Modules
        • 61 35 ... Note on replacing codable/programmable control units
        • 61 35 ... Notes on ESD protection (Electro Static Discharge)
        • 61 35 900 Removing and installing/replacing ring antenna of electronic immobilizer
        • Diagnosis Programming/Coding
      • Relays
        • 61 13 ... DME master relay connector
        • 61 13 ... Relay carrier
      • Windscreen wipers
        • 61 61 010 Checking/adjusting approach angle of windshield wiper arms on front windscreen
        • 61 61 081 Replacing left or right windshield wiper arm
        • 61 61 100 Removing and installing/replacing both windshield wiper arms
        • 61 61 250 Replacing windshield wiper motor
        • 61 61 270 Removing and installing complete mounting bracket for windshield wiper system (with motor)
        • 61 61 271 Replacing bracket for windshield washer system
      • Windscreen washer system
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
      • Headlight - cleaning system
        • 61 67 045 Removing and installing/replacing spray nozzles for left or right headlight cleaning system
      • Window washer system
        • 61 71 004 Adjusting windshield washer spray nozzles
        • 61 71 015 Removing and installing/replacing a jet nozzle in windshield washer system
        • 61 71 061 Replacing fluid tank for windshield washer system
        • 61 71 100 Removing and installing/replacing windshield washer pump(s)
    • General Electrical System - Special Tools
      • 51 0 010 Test gauge for windscreen and rear window installation
        • Minimum set: Measuring and testing equipment
      • 51 0 101 Support, right
      • 51 0 102 Support, left
      • 51 0 103 Bridge
      • 51 0 104 Windscreen/rear window locating fixture
      • 51 0 105 Side window locating fixture
      • 51 0 106 Vacuum pump
      • 51 0 107 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 108 Hoisting winch
      • 51 0 109 Suction cup
      • 51 2 196 Protection
      • 51 2 197 Drift
      • 51 3 010 Suction lift (2 x)
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 51 3 080 Tool
      • 51 3 220 Hand-held suction cup
    • General Electrical System - Tightening Torques
      • Battery - Vapor Separate
        • 61 21 Battery with terminal
      • Windscreen Wipers
        • 61 61 Windshield Wipers
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
      • ZF Gemmer Steering
      • ZF Rack and Pinion Steering
      • Ball and Nut or Rack and Pinion Power Steering
      • ZF Ball and Nut Power Steering with H31 System
      • Horn Slip Rings
  • Power Steering
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
      • ZF Gemmer Steering
      • ZF Rack and Pinion Steering
      • Ball and Nut or Rack and Pinion Power Steering
      • ZF Ball and Nut Power Steering with H31 System
      • Horn Slip Rings
• Suspension
  • Electronic Suspension
    • Integrated Suspension Systems - Operating Fluids
      • Approved Hydraulic Fluids
        • ZF rack-and-pinion steering
        • E24, E28, E32, E34, and E38
          • E24, E28 produced prior to 9/87
          • E24, E28 produced since 9/87
          • E32 produced prior to 9/91
          • E32, E34 produced since 9/91
          • E38 produced since 1/94
        • LHM hydraulic fluid
      • Checking Hydraulic Fluid Levels
  • Front Suspension
    • Operating Fluids - Front Axle
      • 1.0 General Information on High Temperature Multi-Purpose Grease
      • 2.0 Approved High Temperature Multi-purpose Grease
        • Notes
        • Ball Bearings (E24 from mid 1982, E28, E30, E31, E32 and all following)
        • Tapered Roller Bearings (E23, E21)
      • 3.0 Approved Front Axle Final Drive Oils
    • Suspension - Front
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Adjustments
        • Front Axle
        • Ride Height
        • Wheel Alignment
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Coil Spring
        • Control Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Ride Level Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Suspension Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rubber Mounts On Tension Struts
          • Removal & Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar
          • Removal & Installation
        • Stabilizer Link (Push Rod)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Strut Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Swivel Bearing
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Tension Struts
          • Removal & Installation
        • Thrust Bearings
        • Wheel Bearing
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Special Tools
    • Suspension Systems - Overview
      • Suspension Systems
        • Purpose of the System
        • Basic Suspension Geometry
          • Caster
            • Notes
            • Cross Caster
          • Camber
            • Notes
            • Cross Camber
          • Toe In/Toe Out
          • Steering Roll Radius (Steering Offset)
          • Steering Axis Inclination (SAI)
            • Notes
            • Included Angle (IA)
          • Toe Out On Turns
          • Geometric Axis
            • Notes
            • Thrust Line/Thrust Angle
            • Alignment Procedures
        • Suspension Systems
          • Front Axles
            • Notes
            • Single Joint Spring Strut Axle
              • Notes
              • E46 Front Suspension
              • Adjustments
            • Double Pivot Spring Strut Axle
        • Rear Suspension Systems
          • Notes
          • Semi-Trailing Arm
          • Semi-Trailing Arm With "Track Link"
          • Central "C" Link Rear Suspension
            • Notes
            • E46 Rear Suspension
            • E85 Rear Suspension
            • Rear Suspension Adjustments (Central "C" Link)
              • Rear Toe
              • Rear Camber
          • Multi-Link Rear Suspensions
            • Notes
            • Elasto-Kinematics
            • E38/E39 Multi-Link Suspension
            • Rear Suspension Adjustments
            • E39 Sportwagon And X5 Rear Suspension
            • E65/E66 Rear Suspension
        • Alignment Procedures
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Inspection
            • Notes
            • Road Testing
          • Ride Height Measurement
            • Notes
            • Ride Height
            • Z3 Ride Height Tool
          • Identification Of Suspension
          • Vehicle Loading
            • Notes
            • Alignment Sensor Mounting
            • Alignment Adjustment Summary
          • Alignment Specifications
  • Rear Suspension
    • Operating Fluids - Rear Axle
      • 1.0 General Information On Final Drive Oil
        • Notes
        • Oil Additives
      • 2.0 Approved Final Drive Oils For Front And Rear Axle Final Drives With And Without Limited Slip Or Viscous Coupling
        • Notes
        • Limited Slip Differentials
          • Notes
          • Non-Limited Slip Differentials
      • 3.0 Final Drive Oil For BMW M1 Motorsport Coupe
      • 4.0 Oil Change Intervals
      • 5.0 Cars Without Service Indicator (Including BMW M1)
      • 6.0 Cars With Service Indicator
        • Notes
        • Break-In Procedures
      • 7.0 Output Shafts
      • 8.0 Wheel Bearings
        • Ball Bearings E24 (Since 5/82), E28, E30, E31, E32 And All Following
        • Grooved Ball Bearings E12, E21, E23, E24 Before 5/82
      • 9.0 Differential Housing Final Drive Covers And Housing
    • Suspension - Rear
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Adjustments
        • Ride Height
        • Wheel Alignment Specifications & Procedures
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Axle Carrier
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Axle Carrier Rubber Mounts
          • Removal & Installation
        • Coil Spring
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Integral Link
          • Removal & Installation
        • Spring Strut Shock Absorber
          • Removal & Installation
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer
          • Removal & Installation
        • Swinging Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Thrust Bearing For Spring Strut Shock Absorber
          • Removal & Installation
        • Traction Strut
          • Removal & Installation
        • Upper Control Arm
          • Removal & Installation
        • Wheel Bearings
        • Wheel Carrier
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Carrier Ball Joint
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Special Tools
    • Suspension Systems - Overview
      • Suspension Systems
        • Purpose of the System
        • Basic Suspension Geometry
          • Caster
            • Notes
            • Cross Caster
          • Camber
            • Notes
            • Cross Camber
          • Toe In/Toe Out
          • Steering Roll Radius (Steering Offset)
          • Steering Axis Inclination (SAI)
            • Notes
            • Included Angle (IA)
          • Toe Out On Turns
          • Geometric Axis
            • Notes
            • Thrust Line/Thrust Angle
            • Alignment Procedures
        • Suspension Systems
          • Front Axles
            • Notes
            • Single Joint Spring Strut Axle
              • Notes
              • E46 Front Suspension
              • Adjustments
            • Double Pivot Spring Strut Axle
        • Rear Suspension Systems
          • Notes
          • Semi-Trailing Arm
          • Semi-Trailing Arm With "Track Link"
          • Central "C" Link Rear Suspension
            • Notes
            • E46 Rear Suspension
            • E85 Rear Suspension
            • Rear Suspension Adjustments (Central "C" Link)
              • Rear Toe
              • Rear Camber
          • Multi-Link Rear Suspensions
            • Notes
            • Elasto-Kinematics
            • E38/E39 Multi-Link Suspension
            • Rear Suspension Adjustments
            • E39 Sportwagon And X5 Rear Suspension
            • E65/E66 Rear Suspension
        • Alignment Procedures
          • Notes
          • Vehicle Inspection
            • Notes
            • Road Testing
          • Ride Height Measurement
            • Notes
            • Ride Height
            • Z3 Ride Height Tool
          • Identification Of Suspension
          • Vehicle Loading
            • Notes
            • Alignment Sensor Mounting
            • Alignment Adjustment Summary
          • Alignment Specifications
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Specifications & Procedures
      • Identification
        • Notes
        • BMW Kinematic Diagnosis System
      • Riding Height Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Ride Height Specifications
      • Jacking & Hoisting
        • Frame & Underbody
        • OUTERBODY
      • Wheel Alignment Procedures
        • Notes
        • Trouble Shooting
        • Camber Adjustment
          • Front
          • Rear
        • Caster Adjustment
        • Toe-In Adjustment
          • Front
          • Rear
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wheel Alignment Specifications
      • Special Tools
    • Steering - Operating Fluids
      • ZF Gemmer Steering
      • ZF Rack and Pinion Steering
      • Ball and Nut or Rack and Pinion Power Steering
      • ZF Ball and Nut Power Steering with H31 System
      • Horn Slip Rings
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Operating Fluids - Wheels And Tires
      • 1.0 Tire Mounting Paste
      • 2.0 Wheel Cleaners
      • 3.0 Wheel Hub Covers
      • 4.0 Anti-Corrosion Paste
    • Tire Pressure Warning Systems - Overview
      • Tire Pressure Warning Systems
        • Purpose of the System
        • System Components
          • Notes
          • DSC III Control Module/Wheel Speed Sensor
          • RDW Control Module
          • Set/Push Button Switch
          • Check Control Display
        • Principle of Operation
          • Notes
          • Initialization
            • Notes
            • No Warning Conditions
          • E85 Initialization/Operation
        • Diagnosis
        • Run Flat Tire (RFT) Technology
          • Purpose Of The System
          • Principle of Operation
          • System Components
          • Tire Manufacturer Information
    • Wheel And Tires - Repair Instructions
      • Wheels
        • 36 10 209 Checking front and rear wheel for face and radial runout
        • 36 10 300 Removing or installing front or rear wheel
        • 36 10 508 Stationary Wheel Balancing (wheel removed)
        • 36 10 713 Checking one road wheel on balancing machine for face and radial runout (wheel removed)
        • 36 10 715 Checking rim for face and radial runout
      • disc wheel (rims)
        • 36 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing RDW control unit
      • Tires
        • 36 12 001 Replacing a tire (Run Flat)
      • RDC tire check system
        • 36 11 ... Removing and installing/replacing RDW control unit
    • Wheel And Tires - Service Information
      • Kinematic Diagnosis System And Environment
        • Notes
        • 1. Foreword
          • 1.1 Objectives
          • 1.2 Further development of the BMW Kinematic Diagnosis System
          • 1.3 Technical Data
          • 1.4 Scope Of Delivery
          • 1.5 Accessories Required
          • 1.6 Accessories recommended
        • 2. Measuring Options Using The BMW Kinematic Diagnosis System
          • 2.1 Front Axle
          • 2.2 Rear Axle
          • 2.3 Other Measuring Options
        • 3. System Description
          • 3.1 BMW Kinematic Diagnosis System 1, Based On The Beissbarth ML4000
            • Notes
            • 1. Mobile Workstation
            • 2. Mobile Compact Cabinet
            • 3.2 Computer
            • 3.3 Graphical Tablet
            • 3.4 Equipment Cabinet
            • 3.5 Remote Display
            • 3.6 Measuring Sensors With CCD Camera
            • 3.7 BMW Quick-Acting Clamp
            • 3.8 Rotating/Sliding Plates
            • 3.9 Sensor Pins
            • 3.10 Spoiler Adapter
            • 3.11 Quick-Clamping Units
            • 3.12 Retainers
        • 4. Workstation
          • 4.1 Environment
          • 4.2 Preconditions For Alignment
          • 4.3 Measuring Tolerance
          • 4.4 Levelling The Measuring Station
        • 5. Chassis-Related Terms
          • 5.1 Toe-Differential Angle
          • 5.2 Camber
          • 5.3 Toe-In
          • 5.4 Caster
          • 5.5 Geometrical Drive Axis/Symmetrical Axis
          • 5.6 Wheel Displacement Angle
          • 5.7 Kingpin Offset
        • 6. Wheel Suspension
          • Notes
          • 6.1 Rigid Axle Suspension
          • 6.2 Independent Wheel Suspension
        • 7. Wheel Alignment Procedure
          • 7.1 Measuring Options
          • 7.2 Preparatory Work
          • 7.3 Initial/Final Measurement
          • 7.4 Printing Out The Data
        • 8. Special Features
          • 8.1 Free Wheel Alignment
          • 8.2 System Settings
        • 9. BMW Kinematic Diagnosis System Comparison (BOSCH - BEISSBARTH)
        • 10. Control Modification (Menu)
          • 10.1 Remote Control With Display
          • 10.2 Brief Operating Instructions
          • 10.3 Display Support
        • 11. Updating The Software/SETPOINT Data
          • Notes
          • 11.1 Requirements
          • 11.2 Procedure (Beissbarth)
          • 11.3 Procedure (Bosch)
        • 12. Creating, Copying And Editing SETPOINT Data
          • 12.1 Copying
          • 12.2 Creating
          • 12.3 Editing
        • 13. Special Functions
          • 13.1 Customer-Specific Printer Report Header
          • 13.2 Adjusting Options
          • 13.3 Rotating Plate Test
          • 13.4 Viewing And Deleting Customer Entries From Database
        • 14. Modifications Within Program
        • 15. Faults
          • 15.1 Tyre Faults
          • 15.2 Front Axle Faults
          • 15.3 Rear Axle Faults
      • Runflat indicator
        • Notes
        • Introduction
        • Brief Description Of Components
        • System Functions
          • Notes
          • Self-Test
          • Initialization
          • Detects Drop In Tyre Pressure
          • Visual And Acoustic Warning
        • Special Conditions For System Function
        • Operation
        • Notes for service staff
          • Notes
          • General information:
          • Diagnosis:
        • Us National Version
      • Tires With Emergency Running Characteristics And Tyre Pressure Warning Systems
        • Notes
        • General information
          • Warning Systems
          • Emergency Running Systems
        • Tyre Pressure Control (RDC)
          • RDC System Description
          • Advantages of RDC
          • RDC System Layout
            • Notes
            • Component Description
        • Tyre Pressure Warning RDW
          • RDW System Description
            • Notes
            • Advantages of RDW
          • RDW System Layout
            • Notes
            • Component Description
        • Emergency Running Systems
          • Introduction
          • Emergency Running Systems Setup
            • Emergency Running System With Self-Supporting Tires
            • Comparison Standard Tyres/Self-Supporting Tires
            • Disc Wheels
            • Emergency Running System With Integrated Support Ring
            • Wheel Structure With Integrated Support Ring
      • Storing wheels and tires
        • Notes
        • Wheels/Tires - General Notes
          • Notes
          • Storage Requirements
          • Preparing Wheels/Tires
          • Wheel/Tyre Storage Requirements
    • Wheel And Tires - Special Tools
      • 36 1 010 Spring lifter
      • 36 1 020 Tyre pliers
      • 36 1 030 Tester
      • 36 1 040 Scraper
      • 36 1 090 Installation accessory for run-flat tires
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
      • 36 1 250 Wheel hub grinder
      • 36 1 300 Set of wheel stud adapters
        • Minimum set: Mechanical tools
    • Wheel And Tires - Technical Data
      • Wheels
        • 36 10 Wheels One-part alloy wheels
        • 36 10 Wheels Steel and aluminum strip wheels
        • 36 10 Wheels Two-part alloy wheels
    • Wheel And Tires - Tightening Torques
      • Wheels
        • Wheels
      • Disc Wheels (Rims)
        • Tires
        • Wheel Rims
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission Control - Overview
      • Electronic Transmission Control
        • Purpose of the System
        • Transmission Version and Control Systems
          • Notes
          • ZF Control Systems
          • Hydramatic Control Systems
        • Transmission Identification
          • Notes
          • Transmission ID Tag Location
        • System Components (Electrical)
          • Notes
          • Transmission Control Module
          • Turbine Speed Sensor
            • Notes
            • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Transmission Oil Temp Sensor
          • Kickdown Switch
          • Brake Switch
          • Transmission Range Selector Switch
          • Transmission Program Switch
          • Steptronic Components
          • Magnetic Valves
          • Pressure Regulating Solenoids
            • Notes
            • Hydramatic Pressure Regulator
          • Mechatronics Module GA 6HP26Z
          • Instrument Cluster
        • Transmission Features and Principles of Operation
          • Adaptive Hydraulic Pressure Control
          • Downshift Protection
          • Reverse Lockout
          • Engine Warm Up Cycle
          • ASC/DSC Shift Intervention
          • Torque Reduction
          • Emergency Program
          • AC Compressor Load Sensing (Hydramatic Transmissions)
          • Shift Lock
          • Torque Converter Clutch
            • Notes
            • Lock-Up Torque Converter
          • Shift Solenoid Control
          • Pressure Regulation
          • Shift Programs
          • Steptronic Shift Modes
            • Notes
            • Automatic Functions In Manual Mode
            • Steptronic Shifter Circuit
            • Steptronic System Comparison
        • Adaptive Features (AGS)
          • Notes
          • Driver Influenced Features Of AGS
            • Notes
            • Drive Away Evaluation
            • Kick Fast Feature
          • Environmentally Influenced AGS Features
            • Notes
            • STOP And GO
            • Winter Drive Program
            • Hill Recognition Program
            • Curve Recognition
            • Cruise Control Drive program
            • Manually Selected "Extreme Sport" Program
            • Modifications To AGS Features
        • CAN Bus Communication
          • Notes
          • CAN Bus Topology
            • Notes
            • Troubleshooting The CAN Bus
        • Diagnosis and Troubleshooting
          • Notes
          • Establishing A Diagnostic Plan
          • Fault Codes
            • Notes
            • Fault Conditions
          • Identification Page
          • Diagnosis Program
          • Test Modules
          • Diagnostic Tips
          • Information Resources
            • Notes
            • Technical Information System (TIS)
            • Service Round Table
        • TCM Coding and Programming
          • Notes
          • Coding
          • Programming
        • Transmission Fluid Information
          • Transmission Fluid (Oil)
          • Transmission Fluid Checking Procedures
          • Transmission Fluid Application
        • Transmission Service
          • Overview Of Allowable Repairs
            • Notes
            • BMW Technical Hotline
            • BMW Value Line Program
        • BMW Special Tools (Transmission)
          • Notes
          • Transmission Removal And Installation
            • Tool # 24 1 110
            • Tool # 24 4 130
            • Tool # 24 2 300
          • Transmission Adjustments
            • Tool # 24 2 320
            • Tool # 24 2 330
            • Tool # 24 1 120
          • Transmission Diagnostic Tools
            • Tool # 24 6 000
            • Tool # 24 6 060
            • Tool # 24 6 020
            • Tool # 24 6 010
            • Tool # 24 6 080
            • Tool # 24 6 070
          • Service and Repair Tools
            • Tool # 24 1 170
            • Tool # 24 4 110
            • Tool # 24 1 220
            • Tool # 24 2 380
            • Tool # 24 2 310
            • Tool # 24 1 200
    • Electronic Transmission - Overview
      • Purpose Of System
      • Transmission Versions & Control Systems
      • Transmission Identification
        • Notes
        • Transmission Id Tag Location
      • System Components
        • Transmission Control Module
        • Turbine Speed Sensor
          • Notes
          • 4HP22/24 (Eh), A4S310/270R
          • A5S310Z, A5S325Z, A5S440Z, A5S560Z, A5S360/390R
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Transmission Oil Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • 4HP22/24 (Eh)
          • All Except A5S360/390R, GA6HP26Z
          • A5S360/390R Transmission
          • GA6HP26Z
        • KICKDOWN Switch
        • Brake Switch
        • Transmission Range Selector Switch
        • Transmission Program Switch
        • STEPTRONIC Components
        • Magnetic Valves
        • Pressure Regulating Solenoids
        • HYDRAMATIC Pressure Regulator
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Transmission Range
          • Transmission Program
          • Transmission Fault Information
      • Transmission Features & Principles Of Operation
        • Adaptive Hydraulic Pressure Control
        • Downshift Protection
        • Reverse Lockout
        • Engine Warm Up Cycle
        • ASC/DSC Shift Intervention
        • Torque Reduction
        • Emergency Program
        • A/C Compressor Load Sensing (HYDRAMATIC Transmissions)
        • Shift Lock
        • Torque Converter Clutch
        • Shift Solenoid Control
        • Pressure Regulation
        • Shift Programs
        • STEPTRONIC Shift Modes
        • Automatic Functions In Manual Mode
        • STEPTRONIC Shifter Circuit
      • Adaptive Features (AGS)
        • Notes
        • Driver Influenced Features Of AGS
        • Drive Away Evaluation
        • Kick Fast Feature
        • Stop & Go
        • Winter Drive Program
        • Hill Recognition Program
        • Curve Recognition
        • Cruise Control Drive Program
        • Manually Selected "Extreme Sport" Program
        • Modifications To AGS Features
      • Can Bus Communication
        • Notes
        • Can Bus Topology
        • Troubleshooting The Can Bus
        • Failure Of The Can Bus Cables
        • Terminal Resistors
      • Diagnosis & Troubleshooting
        • Notes
        • Establishing A Diagnostic Plan
        • Fault Codes
        • Fault Conditions
        • Identification Page
        • Diagnosis Program
        • Test Modules
        • Diagnostic Tips
      • TCM Coding & Programming
        • Notes
        • Coding
        • Programming
      • Transmission Fluid Information
        • Transmission Fluid (Oil)
        • Transmission Fluid Checking Procedures
        • Transmission Fluid Application
      • Transmission Service
        • Overview Of Allowable Repairs
    • Electronic Transmission Control - Overview
      • Transmission Fundamentals
        • Standard/Automatic Transmission Comparison
        • Hydraulic Transmission vs. Electro-hydraulic Transmission
        • Transmission Identification
        • Transmission Hydraulics
          • Transmission Fluid (Oil)
        • Transmission Fluid Application
        • Torque Converter
          • Notes
          • Torque Converter
            • Torque Converter Operation At Low Speeds
            • Torque Converter Operation At High Speed
        • Torque Converter Clutch
          • Notes
          • Example Of TCC Oil Control Circuit From The A5S440/560Z Transmission.
        • Oil Pump
          • Notes
          • Crescent Type Oil Pump (All Except A5S360/390R)
            • Notes
            • Oil Volume Control
          • Vane Type Pump (A5S360/390R)
        • Hydraulic Control Components
          • Electro/Hydraulic Valve Body
          • Shift Valves
        • Pressure Regulation
          • Notes
          • Pressure Regulation
        • Apply Components
          • Multi - Plate Clutches And Brakes
            • Notes
            • Multi - Plate Clutch Operation
          • Band Brakes
          • One-Way Clutches (Freewheel)
        • Planetary Gear Set
          • Notes
          • Advantages Of Planetary Design
          • Basic Power Flow
        • Compound Planetary Gear Sets
          • Notes
          • Simpson Gear Set
          • Ravigneaux Gear Set
          • Wilson Gear Set
          • Lepelletier Gear Set
          • Double Planetary Set
        • Planetary Gear Set Operation
          • Notes
          • Power Flow Schematic
          • Second Gear
          • Third Gear
          • Fourth Gear
          • Reverse Gear
        • Shift Control
          • Freewheel Shifting
          • Overlap Shift Control
          • Overlap Shifting
          • Negative Overlap
          • Positive Overlap
        • Transmission Control Module
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
      • Engine Suspension
        • 22 11 ... Replacing engine mounts
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Tightening Torques
      • Engine Suspension
    • Gear Shift Mechanisms
      • Identification
      • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Lever
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Lever Grip/Knob
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Rod Joint
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Arm For Shift Lever Mount
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Bearing Bushings For Shift Arm
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Arm Support
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Operating Fluids - Automatic Transmission
      • 1.0 General Information On Automatic Transmission Fluids
      • 2.0 Oil Additives
      • 3.0 Approved Automatic Transmission Fluids For Initial Fillings and Correcting Fluid Levels
        • 3.1 GM Transmissions
          • Notes
          • A4S 270R (THM-R1W)
          • A4S 310R (THM-R1)
          • A4S 200R (Gm4) & A5S 360R/390R (Gm5)
            • Notes
            • Vehicles using transmission oils ETL 7045 E and Dexron VI
        • 3.2 ZF Transmissions
          • Notes
          • ZF 3HP22, 4HP22, 4HP24
          • A5S 310Z (5HP18)
            • E36
            • E34
          • A5S325Z (5HP19)
            • E46
            • E39
            • E83
            • E85
          • A5S 440Z (5HP24)
            • E31
            • E38
            • E39
            • E53
          • A5S 560Z (5HP30)
            • E31
            • E32
            • E34
            • E38
            • E39
          • GA6HP19Z
            • E90
          • GA6HP26Z
            • E60/61
            • E60
            • E63, E64
            • E65
            • E66
      • 4.0 Checking Transmission Fluid Level
        • Notes
        • ZF 3HP and 4HP
        • A5S 560Z, A5S440Z, GA6HP19Z, GA6HP26Z, GA6HP26Z, A5S325Z, A5S 310Z
        • A4S 270R, A4S 310R and A5S 360R
      • 5.0 Transmission Fluid Change Intervals (If Applicable)
    • Operating Fluids - Gear Shift Mechanism
      • 1.0 General Information
    • Servicing - A/T
      • Application
      • Lubrication
        • Notes
        • Service Intervals
        • Checking Fluid Level
          • Notes
          • Models Without A Transmission Dipstick
          • Models With A Transmission Dipstick
        • Recommended Transmission Fluid
      • Adjustments
        • Gearshift Selector Lever Cable
      • Torque Specifications
    • Standard/Automatic Transmission - Overview
      • Standard/Automatic Transmission
      • Hydraulic Transmission Vs. Electro-Hydraulic Transmission
      • Transmission Identification
      • Transmission Hydraulics
        • Transmission Fluid (Oil)
        • Transmission Fluid Application
        • Torque Converter
          • Notes
          • Torque Converter Operation At Low Speeds
          • Torque Converter Operation at High Speed
          • Torque Converter Clutch
        • Oil Pump
          • Notes
          • Crescent Type Oil Pump (All except A5S360/390R)
          • Oil Volume Control
          • Vane Type Pump (A5S360/390R)
        • Hydraulic Control Components
          • Electro/Hydraulic Valve Body
          • Shift Valves
          • Pressure Regulation
        • Apply Components
          • Multi - Plate Clutches and Brakes
          • Multi - Plate Clutch Operation
        • Band Brakes
        • One-Way Clutches (Freewheel)
        • Planetary Gear Set
          • Notes
          • Advantages of Planetary Design
          • Basic Power Flow Example
          • Compound Planetary Gear Sets
          • Simpson Gear Set
          • Ravigneaux Gear Set
          • Wilson Gear Set
          • Lepelletier Gear Set
          • Planetary Gear Set Operation
        • Power Flow Schematic
          • Notes
          • Power Flow In First Gear
          • Second Gear
          • Third Gear
          • Fourth Gear
          • Reverse Gear
        • Shift Control
          • Freewheel Shifting
          • Overlap Shift Control
          • Overlap Shifting
          • Negative Overlap
          • Positive Overlap
      • Transmission Control Module
  • Clutch
    • Clutch - Repair
      • Application
      • Bleeding
      • Adjustments
        • Clutch Pedal
        • Breaking In Self-Adjusting Clutch (Sac)
      • Troubleshooting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Release Unit Guide Tube
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Mounting Block For Pedals
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Release Bearing/Lever
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Slave Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Torque Specifications
    • Clutch - Torque Specifications
      • 11 Clutch Housing
        • 21 11 Bell Housing
      • 21 Clutch With Driving Disc
        • 21 21 Clutch Disc And Drive Plate
      • 52 Clutch Operation (Hydraulic)
        • 21 52 Clutch Operation (Hydraulic)
    • Operating Fluids - Clutch
      • 1.0 General Information
      • 2.0 SMG: Sequential Manual Gear Box
      • 3.0 Other Operating Fluids
        • Clutch Component Grease
    • Pedals - Repair
      • Pedal mounting block
        • 35 11 000 Removing and installing mounting block for pedals
        • 35 21 000 Removing and installing/replacing brake pedal
        • 35 31 000 Removing and installing / replacing clutch pedal
      • brake pedal with linkage
        • 35 21 000 Removing and installing/replacing brake pedal
      • Clutch pedal with linkage
        • 35 31 000 Removing and installing / replacing clutch pedal
      • accelerator pedal
        • 35 40 001 Removing and installing/replacing accelerator pedal module
        • 35 40 503 Replacing adapter plate
      • Kick down
        • 35 40 001 Removing and installing/replacing accelerator pedal module
        • 35 40 503 Replacing adapter plate
    • Pedals - Tightening Torques
      • Pedal Mounting Block
        • Pedal Assembly Console
      • Brake Pedal and Linkage
        • Brake Pedal and Linkage
      • Clutch Pedal and Linkage
        • Clutch Pedal and Linkage
      • Accessories Pedal
        • Parking Brake
        • Pedal Assembly Console
        • Pedals
      • Kick down
        • Accelerator Pedal and Linkage
  • Manual Trans
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Repair
      • Engine Suspension
        • 22 11 ... Replacing engine mounts
    • Engine And Transmission Mounting - Tightening Torques
      • Engine Suspension
    • Gear Shift Mechanisms
      • Identification
      • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Lever
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Lever Grip/Knob
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Rod Joint
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Arm For Shift Lever Mount
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Bearing Bushings For Shift Arm
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shift Arm Support
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Manual Transmission - Servicing
      • Application
      • Lubrication
        • Service Intervals
        • Checking Fluid Level
        • Recommended Fluid
          • Notes
          • Cold Shift Effort
        • Fluid Capacities
      • Adjustments
        • Gearshift Linkage
      • Torque Specifications
    • Operating Fluids - Gear Shift Mechanism
      • 1.0 General Information
    • Operating Fluids - Manual Transmission
      • 1.0 General Information on Gear Lubricants
      • 2.0 Oil Additives
      • 3.0 Manual Transmission Oil Requirements and Specifications
        • Notes
        • Manual Transmission Cold Shift Effort
      • 4.0 Transmission Oil Change Interval
    • Removal & Installation (S6S 420G)
      • Identification
      • Removal & Installation
        • Manual Transmission
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Pulse Generator
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
• External Pages