Self-Diagnostic System: Notes

NOTE: Electronic Control Module (ECM) and Powertrain Control Module (PCM) are the same system. Terms are often used interchangeably.

Self-diagnostic system consists of 6 components. These components are Powertrain Control Module (PCM), Instrument Panel Cluster (IPC) options, A/C Programmer (ACP) options, Supplemental Inflatable Restraint (SIR) system, Traction Control system (TCS) and Road Sensing Suspension (RSS) system options.

In addition to monitoring a particular set of sensors and switches, PCM maintains continuous communication with each system component. Should a component exceed pre-programmed limits, PCM will recognize a malfunction and may act to control malfunctioning component. To control a particular component, PCM rapidly switches an internal circuit between zero and 5 volts, converting programmed control information into series of pulses that represents coded serial data messages. These messages are transmitted to malfunctioning component, which interprets information and responds accordingly.

As a result, an alphanumeric code, known as a trouble code, is often set in PCM memory. This trouble code identifies malfunctioning component and can be accessed by a service technician as an aid to diagnostic procedures. All trouble codes are displayed on Driver Information Center (DIC) panel.

In addition to monitoring self-diagnostic system and displaying trouble codes, PCM can be programmed by service technician to perform specific diagnostic tests on individual components and systems. Results of these tests are displayed on DIC. This article covers accessing PCM trouble codes and programming self-diagnostic system to perform specific diagnostic tests on system components.