Fuel Injection System - Diesel: Description
The Ranger diesel pickup fuel injection system consists of a combination injection pump and fuel distributor, 4 fuel injection nozzles, a fuel filter with an integral priming pump, a water separator, fuel lines and fuel tank. The injection system is also tied in with a quick start (glow plug) system.
The injection pump is a vane type pump and is driven by engine timing gears. An altitude compensator and a cold start device are installed on the pump to modify injection duration as necessary. The distributor portion of the pump contains a fuel cut solenoid to stop fuel flow to injectors after ignition switch is turned off. See Fig 1 .
The injectors use a needle type valve at the end of the nozzle. Injector opening pressure can be changed by adding or subtracting adjusting shim thickness. The adjusting shim is located just above needle valve return spring in the injector.
The quick start system consists of a glow plug in each cylinder, 2 relays, a ballast resistor, a glow plug control unit as well as various switches and warning lights.
Since diesel engine operation does not produce manifold vacuum, a belt-driven pump produces vacuum for operation of power brakes and speed control servo. A low-vacuum warning system lights the brake warning lamp if system vacuum is not adequate to operate either brake booster or other related systems.