Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)
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Quick Lookups- Common Specs & Procedures (Except HEV)
Fluids
Technical Bulletins
Tire Fitment
Wiring Diagrams- System Wiring Diagrams
- Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
- Active BODYWORKS
- Air Conditioning
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Theft
- Body Control Modules
- Computer Data Lines
- Cooling Fan
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Power Steering
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Memory Systems
- Navigation
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Seats
- Power Top/Sunroof
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlock
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Accessories & Equipment
- Anti-Theft Systems
- HYUNDAI Digital Key System (Except HEV)
- Specifications
- Description And Operation
- Components And Components Location
- Identity Authentication Unit (IAU)
- Blootooth Low Energy (BLE) Unit
- Hyundai Digital Key System Diagnostic
- Repair Procedures
- Inspection
- Hyundai Digital Key System Operation Verification
- Hyundai Digital Key System A/S Procedure
- Diagnosis with Diagnostic Tools
- IAU-IBU learning status inspection
- IAU-BLE Module learning status inspection
- Smartphone Key Registration Status Inspection
- NFC Key Card registration status Inspection
- IAU-IBU learning and IAU-BLE module learning procedure
- Neutralization mode
- Inspection
- Repair Procedures
- NFC Key Card Registration
- Identity Authentication Unit Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B160F-00: IAU Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC B165A-00: BLE Module Fault
- DTC B165B-00: IAU ECU I2C Error
- DTC B165C-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/IBU)
- DTC B166D-00: Front Left Door Handle Module Fault
- DTC B166E-00: Front Right Door Handle Module Fault
- DTC B167F-00: BLE LIN BUS Off
- DTC B16C5-00: CAN Time-Out DHFL (Door Handle Front Left Module)
- DTC B16C6-00: CAN Time-Out DHFR (Door Handle Front Right Module)
- DTC B18CC-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/FPM)
- DTC B18CD-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/FRU)
- DTC B18CF-00: IAU ECU SPI Error
- Immobilizer System (Except HEV)
- Immobilizer System Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC P1691-00: Immobilizer-Antenna Coil Error
- DTC P1693-00: Transponder No Response Error Invalid Response
- DTC P1698-00: Immobilizer-Invalid TP (TP Has Different PIN)
- DTC P1677-00: Immobilizer-EMS VIN Data Error (EMS Has Different VIN)
- DTC P1678-00: Immobilizer-EMS No Request (EMS Data Line Open No Immo.)
- DTC P1688-00: Immobilizer Lock
- Keyless Entry And Burglar Alarm (Except HEV)
- Power Door Locks (Except HEV)
- Smart Key Code Saving Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Smart Key Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1602-00: CAN Error
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B16A9-00: Interior Antenna #2 Failure
- DTC B16AA-00: Interior Antenna #3 (Trunk Antenna: Sedan Type) Failure
- DTC B16AC-00: Driver Side Door Handle Antenna Failure
- DTC B16AD-00: Passenger Side Door Handle Antenna Failure
- DTC C160E-00: P-CAN BUS Off
- Smart Key System (Except HEV)
- Description & Operation
- Description
- Operation
- Passive Functions
- Passive Access (Passive Entry)
- Passive Locking (Exit)
- Passive Trunk Warning (Sedan only)
- Smart Trunk
- Smart Key Reminder 1
- Smart Key Reminder 2
- Smart Key Door Lock Warning
- Door Lock Warning 1
- Door Lock Warning 2
- Door Lock Warning 3
- Smartkey Lamp Warning
- Failsafe Functions (Backup For Limp Home)
- User Information Functions
- Fob Battery Low Voltage Detection
- Learning Description
- Learning Mode
- Teaching Mode
- Teaching Mode Procedure Description (Step By Step)
- Starting After Replacing (Virgin Start)
- Components And Components Location
- Specifications
- Smart Key
- Smart Key Unit
- Smart Key Diagnostic
- Smart Key Antenna
- Description & Operation
- HYUNDAI Digital Key System (Except HEV)
- Collision/Avoidance
- Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) - General Information (Except HEV)
- Driver Driving Assistance System (Except HEV)
- Front Camera
- Front Radar
- Rear Corner Radar
- Driver Driving Assistance Switch
- Driver Parking Assistance System (Except HEV)
- Front Radar Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC C1101-17: Battery Voltage High
- DTC C1102-16: Battery Voltage Low
- DTC C1604-04: ECU Hardware Error
- DTC C160A-88: Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC C160C-87: Local CAN Time-Out
- DTC C2721-46: System Calibration Required
- DTC C2722-46: System Out Of Calibration
- DTC C2A24-97: FR_RDR Blockage: Conditions In Which Front Radar Is Obscured By External Obstructions
- DTC C2A27-4B: ADAS Sensor Temperature Out Of Normal Range (Not System Failure)
- Rear View Monitor Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Communication Devices
- BCM Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1000-51: EOL Not Programmed
- DTC B1000-52: EOL Not Programmed
- DTC B1210-00: Front Left Sensor Fault
- DTC B1211-00: Front Center Left Sensor Fault
- DTC B1212-00: Front Center Right Sensor Fault
- DTC B1213-00: Front Right Sensor Fault
- DTC B1214-00: Rear Left Sensor Fault
- DTC B1215-00: Rear Center Left Sensor Fault
- DTC B1216-00: Rear Center Right Sensor Fault
- DTC B1217-00: Rear Right Sensor Fault
- DTC B1602-00: CAN Line Error (B-CAN)
- DTC B1603-00: CAN Bus Off (B-CAN)
- DTC B1613-00: CAN Time Out
- DTC B1631-00: LIN Communication Error - FL SPW
- DTC B1632-00: LIN Communication Error - FR SPW
- DTC C160E-00: P-CAN Bus Off
- Cluster Module Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1000-51: Cluster Coding Not Programmed
- DTC B1001-52: SCC Missing Error - Without SCC Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1001-55: SCC Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1002-52: EPB Missing Error - Without EPB Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1002-55: EPB Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1003-52: ABS Missing Error - Without ABS Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1003-55: ABS Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1005-52: Airbag Missing Error - Without Airbag Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1005-55: Airbag Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1008-52: MDPS Missing Error - Without MDPS Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1008-55: MDPS Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1010-52: ESC Missing Error - Without ESC Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1010-55: ESC Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1020-52: TPMS Missing Error - Without TPMS Unit Or Connector Fault
- DTC B1020-55: TPMS Present Error - Coding Code Error
- DTC B1040-52: LKA Missing Error
- DTC B1040-55: LKA Present Error
- DTC B1090-52: TCU Missing Error
- DTC B1090-55: TCU Present Error
- DTC B2800-00: MM CAN Bus Off Error
- DTC B2801-00: MM CAN Signal Line Error
- Integrated Body Control Unit (IBU) (Except HEV)
- BCM Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Drivers Assistance Systems - ADAS
- Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) - General Information (Except HEV)
- Driver Driving Assistance System (Except HEV)
- Front Camera
- Front Radar
- Rear Corner Radar
- Driver Driving Assistance Switch
- Driver Parking Assistance System (Except HEV)
- Front Radar Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC C1101-17: Battery Voltage High
- DTC C1102-16: Battery Voltage Low
- DTC C1604-04: ECU Hardware Error
- DTC C160A-88: Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC C160C-87: Local CAN Time-Out
- DTC C2721-46: System Calibration Required
- DTC C2722-46: System Out Of Calibration
- DTC C2A24-97: FR_RDR Blockage: Conditions In Which Front Radar Is Obscured By External Obstructions
- DTC C2A27-4B: ADAS Sensor Temperature Out Of Normal Range (Not System Failure)
- Rear View Monitor Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Entertainment Systems
- Amplifier Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) & Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC B2915-00: Front Left Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2916-00: Front Right Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2917-00: Front Left Mid-TWT Open Load
- DTC B2918-00: Front Right Mid-TWT Open Load
- DTC B2919-00: Front Center Open Load
- DTC B291A-00: Rear Left Woofer Open Load
- DTC B291B-00: Rear Right Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2920-00: Subwoofer 1 Open Load
- DTC B2921-00: Subwoofer 2 Open Load
- Audio System (Except HEV)
- AVN System (Except HEV)
- Amplifier Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Exterior Lights
- Auto Lighting Control System (Except HEV)
- Head Lamp Leveling Device (Except HEV)
- Lighting System (Except HEV)
- Gauges & Instrument Panels
- Crash Pad (Except HEV)
- Indicators And Gauges (Except HEV)
- Headlights
- Heated Glass/Defoggers
- Horns
- Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
- Infotainment
- Amplifier Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) & Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC B2915-00: Front Left Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2916-00: Front Right Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2917-00: Front Left Mid-TWT Open Load
- DTC B2918-00: Front Right Mid-TWT Open Load
- DTC B2919-00: Front Center Open Load
- DTC B291A-00: Rear Left Woofer Open Load
- DTC B291B-00: Rear Right Woofer Open Load
- DTC B2920-00: Subwoofer 1 Open Load
- DTC B2921-00: Subwoofer 2 Open Load
- Audio System (Except HEV)
- AVN System (Except HEV)
- Amplifier Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Interior/Exterior Trim
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Body Side Molding And Rear Spoiler (Except HEV)
- Crash Pad (Except HEV)
- Floor Carpet (Except HEV)
- Floor Console (Except HEV)
- Interior Trim (Except HEV)
- Roof Trim (Except HEV)
- Interior/Illumination Lights
- Lighting System (Except HEV)
- Mood Lamp Module Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B2622-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 0 Malfunction Error
- DTC B2623-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 0 LIN Communication Error
- DTC B2624-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 1 Malfunction Error
- DTC B2625-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 1 LIN Communication Error
- DTC B2626-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 2 Malfunction Error
- DTC B2627-00: Cockpit Mood Lamp 2 LIN Communication Error
- Memory Modules
- Mirrors
- Seats
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Front Seat Assembly (Except HEV)
- IMS (Integrated Memory System) (Except HEV)
- Power Seat Module Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Rear Seat Assembly (Except HEV)
- Seat Electrical (Except HEV)
- Seat Heater Ventilation Control Unit (Front) Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Seat Heater Ventilation Control Unit (Rear) Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Steering Column Switches
- Window Motors & Regulators
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Power Windows (Except HEV)
- Rear Window Glass (Except HEV)
- Windshield Glass (Except HEV)
- Wiper/Washer Systems
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Body & Frame
- Door Locks
- HYUNDAI Digital Key System (Except HEV)
- Specifications
- Description And Operation
- Components And Components Location
- Identity Authentication Unit (IAU)
- Blootooth Low Energy (BLE) Unit
- Hyundai Digital Key System Diagnostic
- Repair Procedures
- Inspection
- Hyundai Digital Key System Operation Verification
- Hyundai Digital Key System A/S Procedure
- Diagnosis with Diagnostic Tools
- IAU-IBU learning status inspection
- IAU-BLE Module learning status inspection
- Smartphone Key Registration Status Inspection
- NFC Key Card registration status Inspection
- IAU-IBU learning and IAU-BLE module learning procedure
- Neutralization mode
- Inspection
- Repair Procedures
- NFC Key Card Registration
- Identity Authentication Unit Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B160F-00: IAU Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC B165A-00: BLE Module Fault
- DTC B165B-00: IAU ECU I2C Error
- DTC B165C-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/IBU)
- DTC B166D-00: Front Left Door Handle Module Fault
- DTC B166E-00: Front Right Door Handle Module Fault
- DTC B167F-00: BLE LIN BUS Off
- DTC B16C5-00: CAN Time-Out DHFL (Door Handle Front Left Module)
- DTC B16C6-00: CAN Time-Out DHFR (Door Handle Front Right Module)
- DTC B18CC-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/FPM)
- DTC B18CD-00: IAU Teaching Error (w/FRU)
- DTC B18CF-00: IAU ECU SPI Error
- Immobilizer System (Except HEV)
- Immobilizer System Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC P1691-00: Immobilizer-Antenna Coil Error
- DTC P1693-00: Transponder No Response Error Invalid Response
- DTC P1698-00: Immobilizer-Invalid TP (TP Has Different PIN)
- DTC P1677-00: Immobilizer-EMS VIN Data Error (EMS Has Different VIN)
- DTC P1678-00: Immobilizer-EMS No Request (EMS Data Line Open No Immo.)
- DTC P1688-00: Immobilizer Lock
- Keyless Entry And Burglar Alarm (Except HEV)
- Power Door Locks (Except HEV)
- Smart Key Code Saving Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Smart Key Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- DTC B1602-00: CAN Error
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B16A9-00: Interior Antenna #2 Failure
- DTC B16AA-00: Interior Antenna #3 (Trunk Antenna: Sedan Type) Failure
- DTC B16AC-00: Driver Side Door Handle Antenna Failure
- DTC B16AD-00: Passenger Side Door Handle Antenna Failure
- DTC C160E-00: P-CAN BUS Off
- Smart Key System (Except HEV)
- Description & Operation
- Description
- Operation
- Passive Functions
- Passive Access (Passive Entry)
- Passive Locking (Exit)
- Passive Trunk Warning (Sedan only)
- Smart Trunk
- Smart Key Reminder 1
- Smart Key Reminder 2
- Smart Key Door Lock Warning
- Door Lock Warning 1
- Door Lock Warning 2
- Door Lock Warning 3
- Smartkey Lamp Warning
- Failsafe Functions (Backup For Limp Home)
- User Information Functions
- Fob Battery Low Voltage Detection
- Learning Description
- Learning Mode
- Teaching Mode
- Teaching Mode Procedure Description (Step By Step)
- Starting After Replacing (Virgin Start)
- Components And Components Location
- Specifications
- Smart Key
- Smart Key Unit
- Smart Key Diagnostic
- Smart Key Antenna
- Description & Operation
- HYUNDAI Digital Key System (Except HEV)
- Exterior Body Panels
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Cowl Top Cover (Except HEV)
- Fender (Except HEV)
- Front Bumper And Radiator Grille (Except HEV)
- Front Door Assembly (Except HEV)
- Fuel Filler Door (Except HEV)
- Hood (Except HEV)
- Rear Bumper (Except HEV)
- Rear Door Assembly (Except HEV)
- Trunk Lid (Except HEV)
- Exterior/Interior Trim
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Body Side Molding And Rear Spoiler (Except HEV)
- Crash Pad (Except HEV)
- Floor Carpet (Except HEV)
- Floor Console (Except HEV)
- Interior Trim (Except HEV)
- Roof Trim (Except HEV)
- Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
- Mirrors
- Seats
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Front Seat Assembly (Except HEV)
- IMS (Integrated Memory System) (Except HEV)
- Power Seat Module Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Rear Seat Assembly (Except HEV)
- Seat Electrical (Except HEV)
- Seat Heater Ventilation Control Unit (Front) Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Seat Heater Ventilation Control Unit (Rear) Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
- Windows
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Power Windows (Except HEV)
- Rear Window Glass (Except HEV)
- Windshield Glass (Except HEV)
- Door Locks
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Components And Components Location
- Troubleshooting
- Failure Diagnosis
- Notes
- Memory of Fail Code
- Failure Checkup
- Countermeasures in Fail
- Warning Lamp ON
- Standard Flow of Diagnostic Troubleshooting
- Notes With Regard to Diagnosis
- ABS Check Sheet
- Problem Symptoms Table
- ABS Does Not Operate
- ABS Does Not Operate (Intermittently)
- Communication With KDS Is Not Possible (Communication With Any System Is Not Possible)
- Communication With KDS Is Not Possible (Communication With ABS Only Is Not Possible)
- When Ignition Key Is Turned ON (Engine OFF), The ABS Warning Lamp Does Not Light up
- Even After The Engine Is Started, The ABS Lamp Remains On
- Failure Diagnosis
- Schematic Diagrams
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) Module
- ESC OFF Switch
- Front Wheel Speed Sensor
- Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) System (Except HEV)
- Mechanical - Hydraulic
- Parking Brake System (Except HEV)
- Traction Control
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Components And Components Location
- Troubleshooting
- Failure Diagnosis
- Notes
- Memory of Fail Code
- Failure Checkup
- Countermeasures in Fail
- Warning Lamp ON
- Standard Flow of Diagnostic Troubleshooting
- Notes With Regard to Diagnosis
- ABS Check Sheet
- Problem Symptoms Table
- ABS Does Not Operate
- ABS Does Not Operate (Intermittently)
- Communication With KDS Is Not Possible (Communication With Any System Is Not Possible)
- Communication With KDS Is Not Possible (Communication With ABS Only Is Not Possible)
- When Ignition Key Is Turned ON (Engine OFF), The ABS Warning Lamp Does Not Light up
- Even After The Engine Is Started, The ABS Lamp Remains On
- Failure Diagnosis
- Schematic Diagrams
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) Module
- ESC OFF Switch
- Front Wheel Speed Sensor
- Rear Wheel Speed Sensor
- ESC (Electronic Stability Control) System (Except HEV)
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Drivelines & Axles
- Axle Shafts
- Wheel Hubs
- Electrical
- Body Electrical
- Body Electrical System - General Information (Except HEV)
- Wireless Power Charger Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) & Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC B1602-00: CAN Line Error
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B160F-00: IAU Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC B1621-00: ECU Hardware
- DTC B16B2-00: WPC ECU Internal Error
- Wireless Power Charger System (Except HEV)
- Charging Systems
- Charging System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Troubleshooting
- Repair Procedures
- Inspection
- Inspection Item
- Inspection Component Location
- Inspection
- Alternator
- Battery
- Battery Sensor
- Engine Electrical System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Charging System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Gauges
- Crash Pad (Except HEV)
- Indicators And Gauges (Except HEV)
- Horns
- Motors, Switches, Relays
- Body Electrical System - General Information (Except HEV)
- Wireless Power Charger Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) & Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC B1602-00: CAN Line Error
- DTC B1603-00: CAN BUS Off
- DTC B160F-00: IAU Local CAN Bus Off
- DTC B1621-00: ECU Hardware
- DTC B16B2-00: WPC ECU Internal Error
- Wireless Power Charger System (Except HEV)
- Starter
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Description
- System Overview
- System Main Function
- Button Engine Start System
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition At Ignition Key Off Condition
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition According To Ignition Key's Position
- Operation for each function of button starting
- Limp home mode
- Smart Key Unit
- Start-Stop Button (SSB)
- BES (Button Engine Start) System State Chart
- Description
- Components And Components Location
- Start-Stop Button
- Description And Operation
- Engine Electrical System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Starting System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
- Active BODYWORKS
- Air Conditioning
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Theft
- Body Control Modules
- Computer Data Lines
- Cooling Fan
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Power Steering
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Memory Systems
- Navigation
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Seats
- Power Top/Sunroof
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlock
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Body Electrical
- Engine Mechanical
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
- Emission Control System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Evaporative Emission Control System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Exhaust Emission Control System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Blowers, Superchargers & Turbochargers
- Cooling Fan
- Cooling System (Mechanical)
- Intake And Exhaust System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Fuel System
- Engine Control/Fuel System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Troubleshooting
- Specifications
- Fuel Delivery System
- Sensors
- Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS)
- Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS)
- Ambient Temperature Sensor (ATS)
- Boost Pressure Sensor (BPS)
- Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS)
- CVVT Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS)
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS)
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) [integrated into ETC Module]
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS)
- Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS)
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1]
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 2]
- Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS)
- EWGA Position Sensor [integrated into EWGA]
- Accelerator Position Sensor (APS)
- Actuators
- Service Standard
- Special Service Tools
- Fuel Delivery System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine Control/Fuel System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine Lubrication System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Mechanical
- Cylinder Block - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Cylinder Head Assembly - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Drive Belt System 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine And Transaxle Assembly - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine Mechanical System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Intake And Exhaust System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Timing System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Starter
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Description
- System Overview
- System Main Function
- Button Engine Start System
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition At Ignition Key Off Condition
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition According To Ignition Key's Position
- Operation for each function of button starting
- Limp home mode
- Smart Key Unit
- Start-Stop Button (SSB)
- BES (Button Engine Start) System State Chart
- Description
- Components And Components Location
- Start-Stop Button
- Description And Operation
- Engine Electrical System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Starting System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Engine Performance
- Emissions
- Emission Applications
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Engine Control Systems
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Description
- System Overview
- System Main Function
- Button Engine Start System
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition At Ignition Key Off Condition
- Indicator ON/OFF Condition According To Ignition Key's Position
- Operation for each function of button starting
- Limp home mode
- Smart Key Unit
- Start-Stop Button (SSB)
- BES (Button Engine Start) System State Chart
- Description
- Components And Components Location
- Start-Stop Button
- Description And Operation
- Engine Control System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- Components And Components Location
- Engine Control Module (ECM)
- Boost Pressure Sensor (BPS)
- ETC (Electronic Throttle Control) System
- Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS)
- Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS)
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS)
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS)
- Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS)
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
- Accelerator Position Sensor (APS)
- CVVT Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS)
- Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS)
- Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS)
- Injector
- Ambient Temperature Sensor (ATS)
- Purge Control Solenoid Valve (PCSV)
- CVVT Oil Control Valve (OCV)
- Variable Force Solenoid (VFS)
- Fuel Pressure Cont Valve (FPCV)
- Electric WGT Control Actuator
- RCV Control Solenoid Valve
- Integrated Thermal Management Module (ITM)
- CVVD Actuator
- Engine Control/Fuel System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Troubleshooting
- Specifications
- Fuel Delivery System
- Sensors
- Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS)
- Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS)
- Ambient Temperature Sensor (ATS)
- Boost Pressure Sensor (BPS)
- Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS)
- CVVT Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS)
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS)
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) [integrated into ETC Module]
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS)
- Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS)
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1]
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 2]
- Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS)
- EWGA Position Sensor [integrated into EWGA]
- Accelerator Position Sensor (APS)
- Actuators
- Service Standard
- Special Service Tools
- Button Engine Start System (Except HEV)
- Fuel Delivery
- Engine Control/Fuel System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Troubleshooting
- Specifications
- Fuel Delivery System
- Sensors
- Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (MAPS)
- Intake Air Temperature Sensor (IATS)
- Ambient Temperature Sensor (ATS)
- Boost Pressure Sensor (BPS)
- Oil Pressure Sensor (OPS)
- CVVT Oil Temperature Sensor (OTS)
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor (ECTS)
- Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) [integrated into ETC Module]
- Crankshaft Position Sensor (CKPS)
- Camshaft Position Sensor (CMPS)
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 1]
- Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) [Bank 1/Sensor 2]
- Rail Pressure Sensor (RPS)
- EWGA Position Sensor [integrated into EWGA]
- Accelerator Position Sensor (APS)
- Actuators
- Service Standard
- Special Service Tools
- Fuel Delivery System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine Control/Fuel System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Ignition System
- Specifications
- Tune-Up
- Emissions
- General Information
- Abbreviations
- Basic Trouble Shooting
- Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
- Map - Brake Systems
- Brake Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accelerometers
- Accumulators
- Anchor Pins
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
- Anti-Lock Brake Controller
- Anti-Lock Brake Systems
- Axle Seal
- Backing Plates
- Bleeder Screw
- Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
- Brake Fluid
- Brake Friction Material
- Brake On - Off Switch
- Brake Pads
- Brake Pedals
- Brake Shoe Hardware
- Brake Shoes
- Brake Stoplight Switches
- Brake Warning Light (Amber)
- Brake Warning Light (Red)
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs And LEDS
- Caliper Hardware
- Caliper Mounting Pin
- Caliper Piston
- Caliper Shim
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
- Calipers
- Combination Valve
- Controllers
- Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
- Disable Switches
- Drums
- Electrical Brake Pumps
- Electrical Park Motor
- Electrical Pumps And Motors
- Electro-Magnetic Interference
- Electronic Brake Control Modulator
- Electronic Brake Distribution
- Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
- Electronic Controllers
- Electronic Traction Control
- External Brake Cable
- Flow Control Valve
- Fluid Level Sensor Switches
- Fluid
- Four Wheel Drive Switches
- Friction Material
- G Sensors
- Gaskets
- Gravitational Switches
- Grease Seal
- Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
- High Pressure Accumulator
- Hoses
- Hub
- Hydraulic Control Unit
- Hydraulic Modulators
- Hydro-Boosters
- Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
- Ignition Disable Switches
- Lamp Driver Relay
- Lateral Acceleration Switches
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Low Pressure Accumulator
- Lug Nut
- Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
- Master Cylinders
- Modulators
- Motor Pack
- Motors
- Pads
- Parking Brake Cable
- Parking Brake Mechanism
- Parking Brake Shoes
- Parking Brake Switches
- Parking Brake Systems
- Pedal Travel Switches
- Pedals
- Power Distribution Center
- POWERMASTER
- Pressure Differential Switches
- Pressure Switches
- Pressure Transducers
- Proportioning Valve
- Pumps
- Relays
- RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
- Rotors
- Self-Adjusting Systems
- Shoe Hardware
- Shoes
- Sockets
- Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Star Wheel
- Steel Brake Lines
- Stoplight Switches
- Stroke Sensor
- Switches
- Tires
- Tone Ring
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Traction Control System (TCS)
- Transfer Tubes
- Vacuum Boosters
- Vacuum Hoses
- Valves
- Wear Indicator
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheel Cylinders
- Wiring Harnesses
- Yaw Rate Sensor
- Brake System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Brake Systems
- Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Maintenance Overview
- Antifreeze/Coolant
- Visual Inspection
- Radiator Cap Test
- Engine Fan
- Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
- Belts (Except Timing Belts)
- Belt TENSIONER
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
- Engine Oil
- Air Filters
- Cabin Air Filter
- Brake Fluid
- Battery
- Battery Cables
- Power Steering
- Power Steering Fluid
- Wiper Blades
- Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
- Routine Inspection - UICS
- Brake Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- Differential Fluid
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Filters And Screens
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Vacuum Hoses
- Electrical Systems
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accessory Belts
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Pump Belts
- Batteries
- Battery Connectors
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Rotors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Intake Cleaning
- O2 Sensors
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Valves
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Spark Plugs
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Timing Belts
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Wheel & Tire Supplement
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Check Lists
- Driveline/Axles
- Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
- Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
- Map - Drive Train & Transmission
- Drive Train & Transmission Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Axles
- Bearings And Races
- Bell Cranks
- Bell Housings
- Bushings (External)
- Cables (Speedometer)
- Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
- Carrier Bearings
- Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
- Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
- Clutch Forks
- Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Clutch Pedals
- Clutch Pivots
- Clutch Pressure Plates
- Clutch Release Bearings
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
- Companion Flanges
- Connectors
- Cooler Bypass Valves
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- CV Joints
- Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
- Differential Fluid
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
- Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Drive Shaft Flanges
- Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
- Dust Boots
- Engine Mounts
- Exciter Rings
- Filler Tubes
- Filters And Screens
- Flanges
- Flex Plates
- Fluid Level Indicators
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Flywheels
- Force Motors
- Gaskets
- Guides
- Half Shafts
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
- Key Interlock Systems
- Limited Slips
- Lines
- Linkages (External)
- Locking Hub Assemblies
- Locking Hub Control Knobs
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
- Metal Clad Seals
- METALASTIC Joints
- Modulator Pins
- Modulators
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Oil Pans
- Pans
- Pilot Holes
- Pressure Plates
- Pressure Switches
- Races
- Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
- Screens
- Seals (Metal Clad)
- Seals
- Selector Interlock Systems
- Sensors
- Servos
- Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
- Side Covers
- Slip Yokes
- Solenoids
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
- Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
- Switches
- Tone Wheels
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Torque Converters
- Transaxle Mounts
- Transducers (Transmission)
- Transfer Case Assemblies
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Transmission Coolers
- Transmission Mounts
- Transmission Pans
- Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
- Tubes
- Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
- Vacuum Controls
- Vacuum Hoses
- Vacuum Motors
- Vacuum-Operated Switches
- Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Vents
- Vibration Dampers
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Speed Sensors
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Yokes And Slip Yokes
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
- Electrical
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Electrical Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Actuator Motors (Electric)
- Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
- Air Bags
- Alternators And Generators
- Amplifiers
- Antennas
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Cables
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belts
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
- Cd Players
- Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
- Circuit Breakers
- Clutch Switches
- Connectors
- Control Modules
- Cruise Control Brake Switches
- Cruise Control Cables
- Cruise Control Clutch Switches
- Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
- Cruise Control Reservoirs
- Cruise Control Tubes
- Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
- Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
- Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Defoggers
- Defrosters
- Delays
- Dimmers
- Electric Heaters
- Equalizers
- Fuse Blocks
- Fuse Boxes And Blocks
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gauges
- Generators
- Ground Cables And Straps
- Ground Straps
- Headlight Adjusters
- Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
- Horns And Sirens
- Ignition Switches
- Indicator Lights
- Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
- Keyless Entry Transmitters
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Microphones
- Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
- Motors
- Neutral Safety Switches
- Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
- Odometers
- Power Distribution Center
- Pulleys
- Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
- Relay Boxes
- Relays
- Sealed Beams
- Seat Heaters
- Security Alarm Sensors
- Sirens
- Solenoids
- Speakers And Microphones
- Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
- Speedometer Cables
- Speedometers
- Starters
- Sub-Woofer Volume Control
- Switches
- Tachometer Cables
- Tachometers
- Tape Players And Cd Players
- TENSIONERS
- Timers
- Transceivers
- Transducers
- Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
- Voltage Regulators
- Washer Fluid Level Senders
- Washer Pumps
- Wiper Arms And Blades
- Wiper Blades
- Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
- Wiper Linkages
- Wiper Nozzles
- Wiper Pump Reservoirs
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Electrical Systems
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Engine
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Description
- Engine Identification
- Inspection Procedures
- Cleaning Procedures
- Component Cleaning
- Cylinder Head Replacement
- Cylinder Head Overhaul
- Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
- Crankshaft & Main Bearings
- Camshaft
- Timing Chains & Belts
- Timing Gears
- Oil Pump
- Break-In Procedure
- General Cooling System Service - General Information
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- Engine Performance
- Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
- Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
- Engine Performance Safety Precautions
- Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
- Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
- Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
- Accessory Belts
- Accessory Pulleys
- Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
- Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
- Air Ducts And Tubes
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
- Air Injection Control Solenoids
- Air Plenums
- Air Pump Belts
- Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
- Air Tubes
- Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
- Baffles
- Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
- Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
- Barometric Pressure Sensors
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Connectors
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Belt-Driven Air Pumps
- Boost Control Mechanism
- Camshaft Position Sensors
- Carburetors And Chokes
- Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
- Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
- Check Valves
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Chokes
- Clutch Pedal Position Switches
- Cold Start Injectors
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Connectors
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Motor Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
- Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
- Cooling Fan Motor Switches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Crankshaft Position Sensors
- Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
- Cylinder Head Assemblies
- DECEL Valves
- Deflectors
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks And Tubes
- Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Boots And Shields
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Rotors
- Distributor Shields
- Distributors
- Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
- EGR Coolers
- EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Plates And Coolers
- Electronic Spark Control Modules
- Electronic Transmission Control Devices
- Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Canisters
- Engine Oil Coolers (External)
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil Gaskets
- Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
- Engine Oil
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
- Expansion Plugs
- Fan Control Sensor
- Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
- Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
- Fuel Caps
- Fuel Dampers
- Fuel Delivery Check Valves
- Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
- Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Level Senders
- Fuel Pressure Regulators
- Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
- Fuel Rails
- Fuel RESTRICTORS
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Fuel Tanks
- Fuel
- Gaskets
- Grommets (Valve Cover)
- Harmonic Dampers
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Housings
- Idle Air Controls
- Idle Speed Control Actuators
- Ignition Boots
- Ignition Coil Towers
- Ignition Coils
- Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
- Ignition Switches
- Ignition Terminals
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
- Intake Air Temperature Sensors
- Intake Cleaning
- Intake Manifolds
- In-Tank Fuel Strainers
- INTERCOOLERS
- Knock Sensors
- Liquid Vapor Separators
- Long Block Assemblies
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
- Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
- Metal Air Pipes
- Mix Control Solenoids
- Motor Mounts
- O2 Sensors
- Oil Pans
- Oil Pressure Sending Units
- Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
- Oil Pumps
- O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
- Park Neutral Position Switches
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Orifices
- PCV Valves
- Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
- Power Steering Pressure Sensors
- Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
- Powertrain Control Prom
- Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiators
- Roll Over Valves
- Sealing Compounds
- Seals
- Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
- Sensors
- Short Block Assemblies
- Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
- Spark Plugs
- Spring Locks
- Super Chargers
- Switches
- Thermal Vacuum Valves
- Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Bodies
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Throttle Cables
- Throttle Linkages And Cables
- Throttle Position Sensors
- Throttle Position Switches
- Timing Belt Sprockets
- Timing Belts
- Timing Covers
- Torque Struts
- Transmission Range Switches
- Tube Clamps
- Tube Connectors
- Tube Couplers
- Tubes
- Turbo Chargers
- Vacuum Connections
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valve Covers
- Vehicle Speed Senors
- Volume Air Flow Sensors
- Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
- Waste Gate Control Solenoids
- Water Pumps (Electric)
- Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Purpose Of This Article
- Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
- The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
- The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
- Interpreting Injector Waveforms
- Current Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Voltage Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Map - Exhaust Systems
- Exhaust Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Catalytic Converters
- Exhaust And Tail Pipes
- Exhaust Connections
- Hangers
- Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
- Heat Shields
- Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
- Mechanical EFE Devices
- Muffler Valve
- Mufflers And Resonators
- Reason Code Explanation
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accumulators
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Air Conditioning Fittings
- Air Conditioning Hoses
- Air Conditioning Metal Lines
- Air Control Doors
- Air Dams (External)
- Air Distribution System
- Belts
- Blend Doors
- Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
- Blower Motors
- Blower Resistors
- Blower Switches
- Cabin Air Filters
- Circuit Breakers
- Compressor Clutch Assemblies
- Compressors
- Condenser Air Seals
- Condenser Fan Motors
- Condensers
- Connectors
- Control Cables
- Control Heads (Function Selectors)
- Control Linkages
- Control Modules
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Blades
- Cooling Fan Clutches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Evaporator Drain Tubes
- Evaporator Filters
- Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
- Evaporators
- Expansion Valves
- Function Selectors
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gaskets
- Heater Cases
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Heater Hoses
- High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
- Idlers
- In-Line Filters
- Metal Fittings
- Metal Lines
- Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
- ORIFACE Tubes
- O-Rings
- Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
- Plenums
- Pressure Control Valves
- Pressure Sensors
- Pulleys
- Radiators
- Receiver-DRIERS
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant
- Relays
- Seals
- Service Ports
- Spring Lock Couplings
- Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
- Switches (Electrical)
- TENSIONERS
- Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
- Thermostats And Housings
- Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
- Vacuum Reservoirs
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
- Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Hoist/Jack
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Important Safety Notice
- Identification Numbers
- Warning And Caution Labels
- Lift & Support Points
- Towing
- General Tightening Torque Table
- Basic Service Symbols
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Service Information
- Notes
- Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
- Special Tools
- Removal of Parts
- Disassembly
- Parts
- Replacement
- Adjustment
- Electrical System
- Rubber Parts and Tubes
- Measuring Body Dimensions
- Projected Dimensions
- Measuring Actual Dimensions
- Measurement Point
- Checking Cables and Wires
- Checking Fuses
- Servicing the Electrical System
- Precautions for Catalytic Converter
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Identification
- CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Important Safety Notice
- Identification Numbers
- Warning And Caution Labels
- Lift & Support Points
- Towing
- General Tightening Torque Table
- Basic Service Symbols
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Service Information
- Notes
- Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
- Special Tools
- Removal of Parts
- Disassembly
- Parts
- Replacement
- Adjustment
- Electrical System
- Rubber Parts and Tubes
- Measuring Body Dimensions
- Projected Dimensions
- Measuring Actual Dimensions
- Measurement Point
- Checking Cables and Wires
- Checking Fuses
- Servicing the Electrical System
- Precautions for Catalytic Converter
- General Service Information
- General Information
- Metric Conversions
- OEM General Information
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Important Safety Notice
- Identification Numbers
- Warning And Caution Labels
- Lift & Support Points
- Towing
- General Tightening Torque Table
- Basic Service Symbols
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Service Information
- Notes
- Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
- Special Tools
- Removal of Parts
- Disassembly
- Parts
- Replacement
- Adjustment
- Electrical System
- Rubber Parts and Tubes
- Measuring Body Dimensions
- Projected Dimensions
- Measuring Actual Dimensions
- Measurement Point
- Checking Cables and Wires
- Checking Fuses
- Servicing the Electrical System
- Precautions for Catalytic Converter
- General Service Information
- General Information
- Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
- Specifications Index
- Steering
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Steering & Suspension Systems
- Wheel And Tire
- Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
- Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Notes
- Active Handling
- Active Suspension Control Modules
- Active Variable Ratio Steering
- Active Yaw Control
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Advance TRAC
- Air Bags
- Air Ride Control Modules
- Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
- Air Ride Suspension
- Air Ride Tubes
- Air Shocks And Air Struts
- Air Spring Valves
- Air Springs
- Air Suspension Control Valves
- Air Suspension DRIERS
- Axle Acceleration Sensor
- Ball Joints
- Body Acceleration Sensor
- Bushings
- Center Links
- Compressors
- Continuous Damping Control
- Control Arm Shafts
- Control Arms
- Control Modules
- Distance Regulation Control Module
- Distance Regulation Sensor
- Drag Links
- Dynamic Stability Control
- Dynamic Stability Traction Control
- Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
- Electronic Stability Control
- Electronic Suspension System
- Flex Couplers
- Gaskets
- Height Sensors
- Hydraulic Hoses
- Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
- Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
- Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
- Idler Arms
- Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
- King Pins
- Modules
- Pitman Arms
- Power Steering Belts
- Power Steering Coolers
- Power Steering Fluid
- Power Steering Hoses
- Power Steering Lines (Steel)
- Power Steering Pumps - Electric
- Power Steering Pumps
- Radar Sensor
- Radius Arms
- Relay Rods
- Relays
- Sensors
- Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
- Spindles
- Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
- STABILITRAC
- Stability Management System
- Steering Angle Sensor
- Steering Arms
- Steering Couplers
- Steering Dampers
- Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
- Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
- Steering Knuckles
- Strike Out Bumpers
- Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
- Strut Rods
- Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
- Sway Bar Links
- Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
- Sway Bars
- Switches
- Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System
- Tire Pressure Sensors
- Tires
- Torque Sensor
- Torsion Springs
- Track Bar Bushings
- Track Bars
- Trailing Arm Bushings
- Trailing Arms
- Valve Stems
- Vehicle Dynamics Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Vehicle Stability Assist
- Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
- Warning Lamps
- Wheel Alignment
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheels (Rims)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Towing
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Important Safety Notice
- Identification Numbers
- Warning And Caution Labels
- Lift & Support Points
- Towing
- General Tightening Torque Table
- Basic Service Symbols
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Service Information
- Notes
- Preparation of Tools and Measuring Equipment
- Special Tools
- Removal of Parts
- Disassembly
- Parts
- Replacement
- Adjustment
- Electrical System
- Rubber Parts and Tubes
- Measuring Body Dimensions
- Projected Dimensions
- Measuring Actual Dimensions
- Measurement Point
- Checking Cables and Wires
- Checking Fuses
- Servicing the Electrical System
- Precautions for Catalytic Converter
- General Service Information
- General Information
- General Information (Except HEV)
- Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- A/C Compressor
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- General Safety Information And Caution
- Components And Components Location
- Repair Procedures
- Compressor Oil
- Refrigerant Line
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Receiver-Drier
- A/C Pressure Transducer
- Evaporator Temperature Sensor
- In-Car Sensor
- Photo Sensor
- Ambient Temperature Sensor
- Auto Defogging Sensor
- PM Sensor
- Heating, Ventilation, And Air Conditioning - General Information (Except HEV)
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- General Servicing
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- General Safety Information And Caution
- Components And Components Location
- Repair Procedures
- Compressor Oil
- Refrigerant Line
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Receiver-Drier
- A/C Pressure Transducer
- Evaporator Temperature Sensor
- In-Car Sensor
- Photo Sensor
- Ambient Temperature Sensor
- Auto Defogging Sensor
- PM Sensor
- Cabin Air Filter
- Heating, Ventilation, And Air Conditioning - General Information (Except HEV)
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- HVAC Control Systems
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- Description And Operation
- General Safety Information And Caution
- Components And Components Location
- Repair Procedures
- Compressor Oil
- Refrigerant Line
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Receiver-Drier
- A/C Pressure Transducer
- Evaporator Temperature Sensor
- In-Car Sensor
- Photo Sensor
- Ambient Temperature Sensor
- Auto Defogging Sensor
- PM Sensor
- Blower System (Except HEV)
- Heater And A/C Control Unit (Except HEV)
- Heater System (Except HEV)
- Heating, Ventilation, And Air Conditioning - General Information (Except HEV)
- Air Conditioning System (Except HEV)
- A/C Compressor
- Maintenance
- Restraints
- Air Bag, SRS
- Airbag Modules And Clock Spring (Except HEV)
- Occupant Classification System Diagnosis (Except HEV)
- Component (Location) And Function
- High Speed CAN Communication
- Low Speed CAN Communication
- DTC B1111-17: Ignition Voltage High
- DTC B1112-16: Ignition Voltage Low
- DTC B1496-54: OCS Not Calibrated
- DTC B1499-07: ALR Defect
- DTC B1603-88: CAN Bus Off
- DTC B1680-87: Vehicle Speed Communication Fault
- DTC B1681-81: Vehicle Speed Message Failure
- DTC B1697-87: ACU Communication Error
- DTC B1763-00: OCS ECU Defect
- Restraint - General Information (Except HEV)
- Supplemental Restraint System Control Module (SRSCM) And Sensors (Except HEV)
- Passive Restraints
- Front Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Rear Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Restraint - General Information (Except HEV)
- Seat Belt PRETENSIONER (Except HEV)
- Restraints Control Systems
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Front Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Rear Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Restraint - General Information (Except HEV)
- Seat Belt PRETENSIONER (Except HEV)
- Seat Belts
- Body Interior And Exterior - General Information (Except HEV)
- Front Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Rear Seat Belt (Except HEV)
- Restraint - General Information (Except HEV)
- Seat Belt PRETENSIONER (Except HEV)
- Air Bag, SRS
- Steering
- Electronic Steering
- Manual Steering
- Power Steering
- Steering Column
- Steering Gear
- Steering Linkage
- Suspension
- Front Suspension
- Rear Suspension
- Wheel Alignment
- Wheels & Tire System
- Suspension System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System (Except HEV)
- Tires/Wheels/Alignment 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Transmission
- Automatic Trans
- DCT (Dual Clutch Transmission) System - General Information - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Dual Clutch System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Dual Clutch Transmission Assembly - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Dual Clutch Transmission Control System - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Engine And Transaxle Assembly - 1.6L (Except HEV)
- Transmission Control Systems
- Automatic Trans
- External Pages