Electrical Circuit Inspection Procedure

Check Open Circuit

Procedures for Open Circuit
- Continuity Check
- Voltage Check
  If an open circuit occurs (as seen in [Fig 1]), it can be found by performing Step 2 (Continuity Check Method) or Step 3 (Voltage Check Method) as shown below.
  
  Fig 1: Checking Open Circuit Continuity
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
Continuity Check Method
NOTE: When measuring resistance, lightly shake the wire harness vertically or horizontally.

Specification (Resistance)

1Ω or less → Normal Circuit

1MΩ or Higher → Open Circuit
1. Disconnect connectors (A), (C) and measure resistance between connector (A) and (C) as shown in [Fig 2].
  In [Fig 2], the measured resistance of line 1 and 2 are higher than 1MΩ and below 1 Ω respectively. Specifically, the open circuit is line 1. (Line 2 is normal.) To find exact break point, check sub line of line 1 as described in next step.
  
  Fig 2: Measuring Resistance Between Connectors
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
2. Disconnect connector (B), and measure the resistance between connector (C) and (B1) and between (B2) and (A) as shown in [Fig 3].
  In this case, the measured resistance between connector (C) and (B1) is higher than 1MΩ and the open circuit is between terminal 1 of connector (C) and terminal 1 of connector (B1).
  
  Fig 3: Measuring Resistance Between Connector (C) And (B1) And Between (B2) Or (A)
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
Voltage Check Method
1. With each connector still connected, measure the voltage between the chassis ground and terminal 1 of each connectors (A), (B) and (C) as shown in [Fig 4].
  The measured voltage of each connector is 5V, 5V and 0V respectively. So the open circuit is between connector (C) and (B).
  
  Fig 4: Measuring Voltage Between Connectors
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.

Check Short Circuit
1. How to Test Short to Ground Circuit
  - Continuity Check with Chassis Ground
  If short to ground circuit occurs as shown in [Fig 5], the broken point can be found by performing Step 2 (Continuity Check Method with Chassis Ground) as shown below.
  
  Fig 5: Checking Short Circuit Continuity
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
2. How to Check Continuity (with Chassis Ground)
  NOTE: Lightly shake the wire harness vertically or horizontally when measuring the resistance.
  
  Specification (Resistance)
  
  1Ω or less → Short to Ground Circuit
  
  1MΩ or Higher → Normal Circuit
  1. Disconnect connectors (A), (C) and measure the resistance between connector (A) and Chassis Ground as shown in [Fig 6].
    The measured resistance of line 1 and 2 in this example is below 1 Ω and higher than 1MΩ respectively. Specifically, the short to ground circuit is on Line 1. (Line 2 is normal.) To find exact broken point, check the sub line of line 1 as described in the following step.
    
    Fig 6: Measuring Resistance Between Connectors
    Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
  2. Disconnect connector (B), and measure the resistance between connector (A) and chassis ground, and between (B1) and chassis ground as shown in [Fig 7].
    The measured resistance between connector (B1) and chassis ground is 1Ω or less. The short to ground circuit is between terminal 1 of connector (C) and terminal 1 of connector (B1).
  Fig 7: Measuring Resistance Between Connector And Chassis Ground
  Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.
Voltage Drop Test
This test checks for voltage drop along a wire, or through a connection or switch.
1. Connect the positive lead of a voltmeter to the end of the wire (or to the side of the connector or switch) closest to the battery.
2. Connect the negative lead to the other end of the wire (or the other side of the connector or switch).
3. Operate the circuit.
4. The voltmeter will show the difference in voltage between the two points. A difference or drop of more than 0.1 volts (50 mV in 5 V circuits), may indicate a problem. Check the circuit for loose or dirty connections.
Fig 8: Checking Voltage Between Two Points
Courtesy of KIA MOTORS AMERICA, INC.