Repair and Diagnosis

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Common Specifications & Procedures
  • DTC Index
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Component Locations - Navigator
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Component Harness Location Charts By Components
    • OEM Component Harness Location Charts By Connectors
    • OEM Component Harness Location Views
    • OEM Connector End Views (C100 - C315)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C2280 - C3393)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C316 - C754)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C3396 - C9804)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C800 - C2280)
    • OEM Connector Repair Procedures
    • OEM Electrical Wiring Diagram Introduction
    • OEM Fuse And Relay Location
    • OEM Ground Distribution
    • OEM Vehicle Repair Location Charts
    • OEM Wiring Diagram Symbols
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Component Testing
    • System Wiring Diagrams
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
    • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
    • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) - Vehicles With: Phone As A Key
    • Perimeter Anti-Theft Alarm
    • Remote Convenience
  • Communication Devices
    • Controller Area Network (Can) Module Communications Network (Description & Operation)
    • Controller Area Network (Can) Module Communications Network (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Controller Area Network (Can) Module Communications Network (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
    • ETHERNET Module Communications Network
    • Module Configuration
    • Module Configuration - Vehicles With: Over-The-Air (OTA) Programming
    • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Modules
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Collision Warning And Collision Avoidance System
    • Cruise Control - Vehicles With: Adaptive Cruise Control
  • Drivers Assistance Systems - ADAS
    • Interior Camera System
    • Lane Keeping System
    • Parking Aid
    • Parking Aid - Vehicles With: Active Park Assist
    • Parking Aid - Vehicles With: Parking Aid Camera
    • Parking Aid - Vehicles With: Trailer Back Up Assist (TBA)
    • Side And Rear Vision
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Description & Operation)
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Pinpoint Tests)
    • Information And Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
  • Exterior Lights
    • Exterior Lighting (Description & Operation - Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Exterior Lighting (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Exterior Lighting (DTC & Symptom Charts - Removal & Installation)
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Instrument Panel And Console
    • Instrument Panel And Interior Switches Illumination
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Description & Operation)
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Diagnosis & Testing - Removal & Installation)
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Diagnosis & Testing)
  • Horns
  • Infotainment
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Description & Operation)
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Information & Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (Pinpoint Tests)
    • Information And Entertainment System - General Information - Vehicles With: Sync 4 (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior Trim And Ornamentation
    • Interior Trim And Ornamentation
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Interior Lighting
  • Rear View Mirrors
  • Seats
    • Front Seats (Description & Operation)
    • Front Seats (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Front Seats (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
    • Front Seats (Pinpoint Tests)
    • Second Row Seats
    • Third Row Seats
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Steering Wheel And Column Electrical Components
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Wipers And Washers
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
    • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
    • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) - Vehicles With: Phone As A Key
    • Perimeter Anti-Theft Alarm
    • Remote Convenience
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Closures
    • Body System - General Information
    • Bumpers
    • Front End Body Panels
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Exterior Trim And Ornamentation
    • Interior Trim And Ornamentation
  • Frames, Subframes & Crossmembers
    • Full Frame And Body Mounting
  • Rear View Mirrors
  • Seats
    • Front Seats (Description & Operation)
    • Front Seats (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Front Seats (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
    • Front Seats (Pinpoint Tests)
    • Second Row Seats
    • Third Row Seats
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Roof Opening Panel
  • Windows
    • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) And Stability Control
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Auxiliary Brake System
    • Brake System - General Information
    • Front Disc Brake
    • Hydraulic Brake Actuation
    • Power Brake Actuation
    • Rear Disc Brake
  • Parking Brake System
    • Parking Brake And Actuation
  • Traction Control
    • Anti-Lock Brake System (Abs) And Stability Control
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Front Drive Axle Differential
    • Front Drive HALFSHAFTS
    • Rear Drive Axle Differential - Vehicles With: Ford 9.75 Inch Ring Gear
    • Rear Drive HALFSHAFTS
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Accessory Charging
    • Voltage Converter Inverter
  • Charging Systems
    • Battery, Mounting And Cables
    • Charging System - General Information
    • Generator And Regulator
  • Component Locations - Navigator
  • Gauges
    • Instrument Panel And Console
    • Instrument Panel And Interior Switches Illumination
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Description & Operation)
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Diagnosis & Testing - Removal & Installation)
    • Instrumentation, Message Center And Warning Chimes (Diagnosis & Testing)
  • Horns
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Accessory Charging
    • Voltage Converter Inverter
  • Starter
    • Starting System
    • Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Component Harness Location Charts By Components
    • OEM Component Harness Location Charts By Connectors
    • OEM Component Harness Location Views
    • OEM Connector End Views (C100 - C315)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C2280 - C3393)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C316 - C754)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C3396 - C9804)
    • OEM Connector End Views (C800 - C2280)
    • OEM Connector Repair Procedures
    • OEM Electrical Wiring Diagram Introduction
    • OEM Fuse And Relay Location
    • OEM Ground Distribution
    • OEM Vehicle Repair Location Charts
    • OEM Wiring Diagram Symbols
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Component Testing
    • System Wiring Diagrams
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Engine Emission Control
    • Evaporative Emissions
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Engine Cooling
  • Exhaust System
  • Fuel System
    • Fuel Charging And Controls
    • Fuel Charging And Controls - Turbocharger
    • Fuel System - General Information
    • Fuel Tank And Lines
  • Mechanical
    • Engine
    • Engine System - General Information
  • Starter
    • Starting System
    • Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
• Engine Performance
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
  • Engine Control Systems
    • Acceleration Control
    • Electronic Engine Controls
    • Engine Emission Control
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Fuel Charging And Controls
    • Fuel Charging And Controls - Turbocharger
    • Fuel System - General Information
    • Fuel Tank And Lines
  • Ignition System
    • Engine Ignition
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Intake Air Distribution And Filtering
  • Specifications
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
  • Tune-Up
    • Engine Ignition
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
    • Map - Brake Systems
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
  • DTC Index
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
    • Metric Conversions
  • OEM General Information
    • General Information
    • Identification Codes
    • Jacking And Lifting
    • Maintenance Schedules
    • Noise, Vibration And Harshness
    • OEM Color Coding
    • Torque Wrench Adapter Formulas
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specifications & Procedures
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Climate Control System - General Information
    • Rear Climate Control
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Description & Operation)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (General Procedures - Removal & Installation)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Pinpoint Test Bk - BM)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Pinpoint Tests A - L)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Pinpoint Tests Ac - BJ)
    • Supplemental Restraint System (Pinpoint Tests M - Ab)
  • Passive Restraints
    • SEATBELT Systems
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Steering (Description & Operation)
    • Power Steering (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Power Steering (Removal & Installation)
  • Power Steering
    • Power Steering (Description & Operation)
    • Power Steering (Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Power Steering (Removal & Installation)
  • Steering Column
• Suspension
  • Electronic Suspension
    • Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension - LHD 4WD
    • Front Suspension - LHD RWD
    • Suspension System - General Information
    • Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
  • Rear Suspension
    • Rear Suspension
    • Vehicle Dynamic Suspension
  • LINCOLN Wheel Alignment Specifications
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)
    • Wheels And Tires
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission - 10-Speed Automatic Transmission - 10R80 (Diagnosis & Testing - Overhaul)
    • Automatic Transmission - 10-Speed Automatic Transmission - 10R80 (Overhaul - Installation)
    • Automatic Transmission - 10-Speed Automatic Transmission - 10R80 (Specifications - Diagnosis & Testing)
    • Transmission Cooling
  • Transfer Case
  • Transmission Control Systems
    • Automatic Transmission External Controls
    • Four-Wheel Drive Systems
• External Pages