Fuel Pressure Regulator

The pressure regulator is a sealed unit which is divided by a diaphragm into 2 chambers (fuel and spring chambers). The fuel chamber receives fuel through the inlet side (both sides on Subaru) from the injector fuel rail. The spring chamber is connected to intake manifold vacuum.

At idle, intake manifold vacuum is high, the diaphragm is pulled down by intake manifold vacuum. Any excessive fuel is returned to the fuel tank. As the throttle is depressed, intake manifold vacuum decreases. The regulator increases fuel pressure to maintain the same fuel pressure-to-intake manifold vacuum difference as during high intake manifold vacuum.