Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Specifications Index
  • DTC Index
    • Anti-Lock Brake DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission (FN4A-El) DTCS
    • Engine Performance DTCS
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege 1.5L & 626)
        • PCM Connector End View -- Mazda6 (2.3L)
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View (MPV)
        • APP Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Clockspring Connector End View
        • TR Switch Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type D)
        • O/D Off Switch Connector End View
        • Cargo Compartment Light Connector End View
        • Panel Light Control Switch Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock Control Module Connector End View
        • Climate Control Unit Connector End View
        • Sunroof Switch Connector End View
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege 2.0L)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View
        • Power Window Main Switch Connector End View
        • BARO Sensor 3-Pin Harness Connector End View (MAZDA6 2.3L)
        • Ignition Coil 3-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Clutch Switch 5-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Air Intake Actuator Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type B)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Unit Connector End View
        • Selector Lever Connector End View
        • Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • Trunk Compartment Light Switch Connector End View
        • MAP Sensor 4-Pin Harness Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Fan Control Module 3-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View -- MPV
        • Sunroof Motor Connector End View
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Miata)
        • Back-Up Light Switch Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View
        • Buckle Switch Connector End View
        • Generator Connector End View (MPV)
        • In-Line Harness Connector X13 Connector End View
        • Flasher Control Module Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type A)
        • Side Air Bag System Connector End View
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Transaxle Connector No. 2 Connector End View
        • ECT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (MPV)
        • Main Relay Connector End View (Except MPV & 626)
        • Interior Light Connector End View
        • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Connector End View
        • Wiper And Washer Switch Connector End View
        • Keyless Control Module Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Interior And Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View
        • HO2S Harness Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Hazard Warning Switch Connector End View
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Connector End View
        • Generator Harness Connector End View
        • KS Connector End View (Protege)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type C)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Mazda6 & MPV)
        • Relay Connector End View
        • Control Switch Connector End View
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • VSS Connector End View
        • DRL Control Module Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • SAS Control Module Connector End View
        • Condenser Fan Connector End View
        • Key Reminder Switch Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View (Protege)
        • Transaxle Connector End View
        • Light Switch Connector End View
        • Junction Box JB-03, JB-04 Connector End View
        • Amplifier Connector End View
        • Blower Resistor Connector End View
        • ABS Hydraulic Unit Control Module Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 5-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Throttle Position Sensor Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View
        • Door Key Cylinder Switch Connector End View
        • HO2S Connector End View (Protege)
        • Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump 4-Pin Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Cooling Fan Relay Connector End View
        • Cruise Control Module Connector End View
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Miata)
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock-Link Switch Connector End View
        • Fog Light Switch Connector End View
        • Door Lock Switch Connector End View
        • Turn Switch Connector End View
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlocks
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Anti-Theft System & Keyless Entry System
      • Keyless Entry System Diagram
      • Foreword
      • Keyless Entry System Check Sheet
      • Keyless Entry System Pre-Inspection
      • Keyless Entry System On-Board Diagnostic Function
      • Trouble Shooting Index
      • No. 1: One Or More On-Board Diagnostic Functions Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 2: All On-Board Diagnostic Functions Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 3: Transmitter Id Code Cannot Be Reprogrammed
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Keyless Control Module Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Keyless Control Module Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Keyless Control Module Id Code Change
      • Transmitter Battery Inspection
      • Transmitter Battery Replacement
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
    • Power Door Locks
      • Location Index
      • Front Door Lock And Opener Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Front Door Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock-Link Switch Inspection
      • Door Lock-Link Switch Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Lock And Opener Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Rear Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Rear Door Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Liftgate Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Door Key Cylinder Switch Inspection
      • Door Key Cylinder Switch Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock Switch Inspection
      • Door Lock Switch Removal/Installation
      • Power Door Lock System Circuit Diagram
      • Door Lock Control Module Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Door Lock Control Module Removal/Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Location Index
    • Cruise Control Module Removal/Installation
    • Cruise Control Module Inspection
      • Notes
      • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
    • Cruise Actuator Removal/Installation
    • Cruise Actuator Inspection
    • Actuator Cable Removal
    • Actuator Cable Installation
    • Cruise Control Switch Removal/Installation
    • Cruise Control Switch Inspection
    • Clutch Switch Inspection
      • Notes
      • Circuit Open/Short Inspection
    • Brake Switch Inspection
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Protege
      • Protege5
  • Exterior Lights
    • Location Index
    • Front Fog Light Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • Front Fog Light Adjustment
    • Front Combination Light Removal/Installation
    • Headlight Adjustment
    • Headlight Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Headlight Bulb Removal Note (4SD And 5HB Low-Beam)
      • Headlight Bulb Removal Note (5HB High-Beam)
      • Cover Installation Note
    • Front Turn Light/Parking Light Bulb Removal/Installation
    • Front Side Turn Light Removal/Installation
    • Front Side Marker Light Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
        • Notes
        • Front Side Marker Light Removal Note
    • Rear Combination Light Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Socket Installation Note
    • High-Mount Brake Light Removal/Installation
      • In-Vehicle Type
      • Rear Spoiler Type
      • High-Mount Brake Light Removal Note (4SD)
    • Rear Spoiler Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • License Plate Light Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • License Plate Light Removal Note
    • Combination Switch Removal/Installation
    • Combination Switch Disassembly/Assembly
    • Light Switch Removal/Installation
    • Light Switch Inspection
    • Front Fog Light Switch Removal/Installation
    • Front Fog Light Switch Inspection
    • Hazard Warning Switch Removal/Installation
    • Hazard Warning Switch Inspection
    • Back-Up Light Switch Removal/Installation
    • Back-Up Light Switch Inspection
    • Flasher Control Module Removal/Installation
    • Flasher Control Module Inspection
      • Notes
      • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
    • DRL Control Module Removal/Installation (CANADA)
    • DRL Control Module Inspection (CANADA)
      • Notes
      • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
    • Relay Inspection
      • Relay Type
      • Four-Terminal
        • Type A
        • Type B
        • Type C
        • Type D
      • Five-Terminal
        • Type A
        • Type B
      • Eight-Terminal
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Protege
      • Protege5
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Location Index
    • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Instrument Cluster Removal Note
    • Instrument Cluster Disassembly/Assembly
    • Instrument Cluster Inspection
      • Speedometer
      • Tachometer
      • Fuel Gauge
      • Water Temperature Gauge
    • Instrument Cluster Repair
      • Tachometer
    • Instrument Cluster Input/Output Check Mode
      • Notes
      • DTC Chart
      • Operating Order
      • Checking Order
      • Inspection Of DTCS
        • DTC 01: Buckle Switch On/Off Signal
        • DTC 04: Door Switch On/Off Signal
        • DTC 05: Door Lock-Link Switch On/Off Signal
        • DTC 08: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
        • DTC 10: Vehicle Speed Input Signal
        • DTC 11: Engine Speed Input Signal
        • DTC 12: Operation Signal To Speedometer
        • DTC 13: Operation Signal To Tachometer
        • DTC 14: Operation Signal To Buzzer
        • DTC 16: Operation Signal To Fuel-Level Warning Light
        • DTC 22: Fuel Level Signal
        • DTC 23: Operation Signal To Fuel Gauge
        • DTC 24: Water Temperature Signal
        • DTC 25: Operation Signal To Water Temperature Gauge
        • DTC 26: LCD Indication
        • DTC 27: Operation Signal To Interior Light
        • DTC 31: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
    • Buckle Switch Inspection
    • TNS Relay (4-Terminal Type A)
    • Warning And Indicator Light Bulb Removal/Installation
    • Fuel Gauge Sender Unit Inspection
    • Oil Pressure Switch Inspection
    • Horn Removal/Installation
    • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Front Bumper Removal Note
      • Front Bumper Installation Note
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Notes
      • Protege
      • Protege5
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info Technical Data
    • Body & Accessories SST
  • Headlights
    • Exterior Lights
      • Location Index
      • Front Fog Light Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Front Fog Light Adjustment
      • Front Combination Light Removal/Installation
      • Headlight Adjustment
      • Headlight Bulb Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Headlight Bulb Removal Note (4SD And 5HB Low-Beam)
        • Headlight Bulb Removal Note (5HB High-Beam)
        • Cover Installation Note
      • Front Turn Light/Parking Light Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Front Side Turn Light Removal/Installation
      • Front Side Marker Light Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
          • Notes
          • Front Side Marker Light Removal Note
      • Rear Combination Light Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Socket Installation Note
      • High-Mount Brake Light Removal/Installation
        • In-Vehicle Type
        • Rear Spoiler Type
        • High-Mount Brake Light Removal Note (4SD)
      • Rear Spoiler Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • License Plate Light Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • License Plate Light Removal Note
      • Combination Switch Removal/Installation
      • Combination Switch Disassembly/Assembly
      • Light Switch Removal/Installation
      • Light Switch Inspection
      • Front Fog Light Switch Removal/Installation
      • Front Fog Light Switch Inspection
      • Hazard Warning Switch Removal/Installation
      • Hazard Warning Switch Inspection
      • Back-Up Light Switch Removal/Installation
      • Back-Up Light Switch Inspection
      • Flasher Control Module Removal/Installation
      • Flasher Control Module Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • DRL Control Module Removal/Installation (CANADA)
      • DRL Control Module Inspection (CANADA)
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Relay Inspection
        • Relay Type
        • Four-Terminal
          • Type A
          • Type B
          • Type C
          • Type D
        • Five-Terminal
          • Type A
          • Type B
        • Eight-Terminal
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Heated Glass/Defoggers
    • Rear Window Defogger
      • Filament Inspection
      • Filament Repair
      • Rear Window Defroster Switch Inspection
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Horns
    • Instrument Panel
      • Location Index
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Removal Note
      • Instrument Cluster Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Cluster Inspection
        • Speedometer
        • Tachometer
        • Fuel Gauge
        • Water Temperature Gauge
      • Instrument Cluster Repair
        • Tachometer
      • Instrument Cluster Input/Output Check Mode
        • Notes
        • DTC Chart
        • Operating Order
        • Checking Order
        • Inspection Of DTCS
          • DTC 01: Buckle Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 04: Door Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 05: Door Lock-Link Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 08: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
          • DTC 10: Vehicle Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 11: Engine Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 12: Operation Signal To Speedometer
          • DTC 13: Operation Signal To Tachometer
          • DTC 14: Operation Signal To Buzzer
          • DTC 16: Operation Signal To Fuel-Level Warning Light
          • DTC 22: Fuel Level Signal
          • DTC 23: Operation Signal To Fuel Gauge
          • DTC 24: Water Temperature Signal
          • DTC 25: Operation Signal To Water Temperature Gauge
          • DTC 26: LCD Indication
          • DTC 27: Operation Signal To Interior Light
          • DTC 31: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
      • Buckle Switch Inspection
      • TNS Relay (4-Terminal Type A)
      • Warning And Indicator Light Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Gauge Sender Unit Inspection
      • Oil Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Bumper Removal Note
        • Front Bumper Installation Note
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Notes
        • Protege
        • Protege5
      • Instrumentation/Driver Info Technical Data
      • Body & Accessories SST
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior/Interior Trim
      • Dashboard Removal/Installation
      • Dashboard Disassembly/Assembly
      • Ventilator Grille Removal/Installation
        • Center Side
        • Driver's Side
        • Passenger's Side
      • Center Panel Removal/Installation
      • Column Cover Removal/Installation
      • Console Adjustment
      • Console Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Boot Panel Removal Note
        • Console Cover Removal Note
      • Console Disassembly/Assembly
      • Glove Compartment Removal/Installation
      • Lower Panel Removal/Installation
        • Driver's Side
        • Passenger's Side
      • Meter Hood Removal/Installation
      • Side Panel Removal/Installation
      • Side Wall Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • A-Pillar Trim Removal/Installation
      • B-Pillar Lower Trim Removal
      • B-Pillar Lower Trim Installation
      • B-Pillar Upper Trim Removal/Installation
      • C-Pillar Trim Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Rear Package Trim Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Front Scuff Plate Removal/Installation
      • Rear Scuff Plate Removal/Installation
      • Front Side Trim Removal/Installation
      • Tire House Trim Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Trunk End Trim Removal/Installation
      • Trunk Side Trim Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Trunk Side Upper Trim Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Trim Removal/Installation
      • Headliner Removal/Installation
      • Floor Covering Removal/Installation
      • Selector Lever Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Interlock Cable And Lock Unit Installation Note
        • Selector Cable Removal Note
        • Selector Cable Installation Note
      • Front Seat Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Side Air Bag Module Connector Removal Note
        • Side Air Bag Module Connector Installation Note
        • Buckle Switch Connector Installation Note
      • Rear Seat Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
          • Rear seat cushion
          • Rear seat back
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Illumination/Interior Lights
      • Interior And Map Light Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Lens Removal Note
      • Interior And Map Light Inspection
      • Map Light Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Lens Removal Note
      • Map Light Inspection
      • Interior Light Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Lens Removal Note
      • Interior Light Inspection
      • Trunk Compartment Light Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Trunk Compartment Light Switch Inspection
      • Cargo Compartment Light Removal/Installation
      • Cargo Compartment Light Inspection
      • Cargo Compartment Light Switch Inspection
      • Ignition Key Illumination Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Door Switch Removal/Installation
        • Front
        • Rear
      • Door Switch Inspection
      • Panel Light Control Switch Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Panel Light Control Switch Removal Note
      • Panel Light Control Switch Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
        • Terminal C Inspection
  • Power Mirrors
    • Power Outside Mirror Inspection
    • Power Outside Mirror Removal/Installation
    • Outside Mirror Glass Removal
    • Outside Mirror Glass Installation
    • Power Outside Mirror Switch Removal/Installation
    • Power Outside Mirror Switch Inspection
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Protege
      • Protege5
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Precaution
      • Notes
      • Connectors Disconnection/Connection
    • Steering Lock (ATX Model) Inspection
    • Combination Switch Removal/Installation
    • Combination Switch Disassembly/Assembly
    • Light Switch Removal/Installation
    • Light Switch Inspection
      • Headlight Switch
      • Turn Switch
    • Ignition Switch Removal/Installation
    • Ignition Switch Inspection
    • Key Reminder Switch Removal/Installation
    • Key Reminder Switch Inspection
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Power Windows
      • Location Index
        • Power Window System
      • Front Door Glass And Guide Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Glass And Guide Removal/Installation
      • Power Window Motor Inspection
      • Front Power Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Front Power Window Regulator Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Power Window Motor Disassembly Note
      • Rear Power Window Regulator Removal/Installation
      • Rear Power Window Regulator Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Power Window Motor Disassembly Note
        • Power Window Motor Assembly Note
      • Power Window Main Switch Removal/Installation
      • Power Window Main Switch Inspection
        • Notes
        • Driver's Side
        • Passenger's Side
        • Rear Left
        • Rear Right
        • Power-Cut Switch
      • Power Window SUBSWITCH Removal/Installation
        • Passenger's Side
        • Rear
      • Power Window SUBSWITCH Inspection
        • Notes
        • Passenger's Side
        • Rear
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Washer System & Wiper System
      • Location Index
        • Windshield Wiper And Washer System
        • Rear Wiper And Washer System
      • Windshield Wiper Arm And Blade Adjustment
      • Windshield Wiper Arm And Blade Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Windshield Wiper Arm Installation Note
      • Windshield Wiper Link Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Cowl Grille Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Motor Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Motor Inspection
      • Washer Tank Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Washer Motor Removal/Installation
      • Windshield Washer Motor Inspection
      • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Inspection
      • Wiper And Washer Switch Removal/Installation
      • Wiper And Washer Switch Inspection
        • Windshield Wiper And Washer
        • Rear Wiper And Washer
      • Windshield Washer Nozzle Adjustment
      • Windshield Washer Nozzle Cleaning
      • Windshield Washer Nozzle Removal
      • Windshield Washer Nozzle Installation
      • Windshield Washer Hose Removal/Installation
      • Rear Wiper Arm And Blade Adjustment
      • Rear Wiper Arm And Blade Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Rear Wiper Arm Installation Note
      • Rear Wiper Motor Removal/Installation
      • Rear Wiper Motor Inspection
      • Rear Washer Motor Removal/Installation
      • Rear Washer Motor Inspection
      • Rear Washer Nozzle Removal/Installation
      • Rear Washer Nozzle Adjustment
      • Rear Washer Nozzle Cleaning
      • Rear Washer Hose Removal/Installation
      • Intermittent Rear Wiper Relay Removal/Installation
      • Intermittent Rear Wiper Relay Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage Table (Reference)
      • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Bumper Removal Note
        • Front Bumper Installation Note
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Anti-Theft System & Keyless Entry System
      • Keyless Entry System Diagram
      • Foreword
      • Keyless Entry System Check Sheet
      • Keyless Entry System Pre-Inspection
      • Keyless Entry System On-Board Diagnostic Function
      • Trouble Shooting Index
      • No. 1: One Or More On-Board Diagnostic Functions Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 2: All On-Board Diagnostic Functions Inoperative
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 3: Transmitter Id Code Cannot Be Reprogrammed
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Keyless Control Module Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Keyless Control Module Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Keyless Control Module Id Code Change
      • Transmitter Battery Inspection
      • Transmitter Battery Replacement
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
    • Power Door Locks
      • Location Index
      • Front Door Lock And Opener Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • Front Door Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Front Door Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock-Link Switch Inspection
      • Door Lock-Link Switch Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Lock And Opener Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Rear Door Trim Removal/Installation
      • Rear Door Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Rear Door Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Liftgate Lock Actuator Inspection
      • Liftgate Lock Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Door Key Cylinder Switch Inspection
      • Door Key Cylinder Switch Removal/Installation
      • Door Lock Switch Inspection
      • Door Lock Switch Removal/Installation
      • Power Door Lock System Circuit Diagram
      • Door Lock Control Module Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Door Lock Control Module Removal/Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Dashboard Removal/Installation
    • Dashboard Disassembly/Assembly
    • Ventilator Grille Removal/Installation
      • Center Side
      • Driver's Side
      • Passenger's Side
    • Center Panel Removal/Installation
    • Column Cover Removal/Installation
    • Console Adjustment
    • Console Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Boot Panel Removal Note
      • Console Cover Removal Note
    • Console Disassembly/Assembly
    • Glove Compartment Removal/Installation
    • Lower Panel Removal/Installation
      • Driver's Side
      • Passenger's Side
    • Meter Hood Removal/Installation
    • Side Panel Removal/Installation
    • Side Wall Removal/Installation
    • Front Door Trim Removal/Installation
    • Rear Door Trim Removal/Installation
    • A-Pillar Trim Removal/Installation
    • B-Pillar Lower Trim Removal
    • B-Pillar Lower Trim Installation
    • B-Pillar Upper Trim Removal/Installation
    • C-Pillar Trim Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • Rear Package Trim Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • Front Scuff Plate Removal/Installation
    • Rear Scuff Plate Removal/Installation
    • Front Side Trim Removal/Installation
    • Tire House Trim Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • Trunk End Trim Removal/Installation
    • Trunk Side Trim Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
    • Trunk Side Upper Trim Removal/Installation
    • Liftgate Trim Removal/Installation
    • Headliner Removal/Installation
    • Floor Covering Removal/Installation
    • Selector Lever Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Interlock Cable And Lock Unit Installation Note
      • Selector Cable Removal Note
      • Selector Cable Installation Note
    • Front Seat Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Side Air Bag Module Connector Removal Note
      • Side Air Bag Module Connector Installation Note
      • Buckle Switch Connector Installation Note
    • Rear Seat Removal/Installation
      • 4SD
      • 5HB
        • Rear seat cushion
        • Rear seat back
  • Power Mirrors
    • Power Outside Mirror Inspection
    • Power Outside Mirror Removal/Installation
    • Outside Mirror Glass Removal
    • Outside Mirror Glass Installation
    • Power Outside Mirror Switch Removal/Installation
    • Power Outside Mirror Switch Inspection
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Protege
      • Protege5
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Power Sun Roofs
      • Location Index
      • Deflector Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • Deflector Removal Note
        • 5HB
      • Glass Panel Adjustment
      • Glass Panel Removal/Installation
      • Front Drain Hose Removal
      • Front Drain Hose Installation
      • Rear Drain Hose Removal
      • Rear Drain Hose Installation
      • Sun Roof Unit Removal/Installation
      • Sunroof Unit Disassembly
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Sunroof Unit Assembly
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Sunroof Motor Removal
      • Sunroof Motor Installation
      • Sunroof Motor Inspection
        • 4SD
          • Motor
        • Limit Switch
        • 5HB
          • Motor
          • Limit Switch
      • Sunroof Relay Removal/Installation
        • 4SD
        • 5HB
      • Sunroof Relay Inspection
        • 4SD
        • 4SD Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
        • 5HB
        • 5HB Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Sunroof Switch Removal/Installation
      • Sunroof Switch Inspection
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Power Windows
    • Location Index
      • Power Window System
    • Front Door Glass And Guide Removal/Installation
    • Rear Door Glass And Guide Removal/Installation
    • Power Window Motor Inspection
    • Front Power Window Regulator Removal/Installation
    • Front Power Window Regulator Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Power Window Motor Disassembly Note
    • Rear Power Window Regulator Removal/Installation
    • Rear Power Window Regulator Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Power Window Motor Disassembly Note
      • Power Window Motor Assembly Note
    • Power Window Main Switch Removal/Installation
    • Power Window Main Switch Inspection
      • Notes
      • Driver's Side
      • Passenger's Side
      • Rear Left
      • Rear Right
      • Power-Cut Switch
    • Power Window SUBSWITCH Removal/Installation
      • Passenger's Side
      • Rear
    • Power Window SUBSWITCH Inspection
      • Notes
      • Passenger's Side
      • Rear
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Protege
      • Protege5
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Anti-Lock/Traction Control System
      • Abs Location Index
      • Abs System Diagram
      • Abs
        • Foreword
        • Precaution
      • Abs On-Board Diagnostic Test
        • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
          • Notes
          • Read/Clear Diagnostic Results
          • PID/Data Monitor And Record
          • Active Command Modes
        • DTCS Retrieving Procedure
          • Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
          • Without Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
        • DTCS Clearing Procedure
          • Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
          • Without Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
        • PID/Data Monitor And Record Procedure
        • Active Command Modes Procedure
        • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Table
        • PID/Data Monitor Table
        • Active Command Modes Table
      • DTC C1145 (11), C1155 (12), C1165 (13), C1175 (14): Abs Wheel Speed Sensor
      • DTC C1148 (41), C1158 (42), C1168 (43), C1178 (44), C1233 (46), C1234 (45), C1235 (47), C1236 (48): Abs Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
      • DTC C1194 (24), C1198 (25), C1210 (22), C1214 (23), C1242 (28), C1246 (26), C1250 (29), C1254 (27): Pressure Reduction/Retention Valve
      • DTC C1140 (30): Abs HU/Cm (Pump)
      • DTC C1510 (32), C1511 (33), C1512 (34), C1513 (35): Solenoid Valve, Abs Motor Or Abs Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
      • DTC C1186 (51), C1266 (52): Fail-Safe Relay
      • DTC C1095 (54), C1096 (53): Motor Relay, Abs Motor
      • DTC B1342 (61): Abs HU/Cm (Cm)
      • DTC B1318 (63): Abs HU/Cm Power Supply
      • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Abs Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Quick Diagnosis Chart
      • No. 1 Neither Abs Warning Light Nor Brake System Warning Light Illuminate
      • No. 2 Abs Warning Light Does Not Illuminate
      • No. 3 Brake System Warning Light Does Not Illuminate
      • No. 4 Abs Warning Light And Brake System Warning Light Stay On
      • No. 5 Abs Warning Light Stays On
      • No. 6 Brake System Warning Light Stays On
      • No. 7 Brake System Malfunction
      • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) System Inspection
        • System Inspection
          • Preparation
        • Using The SSTS
        • Without Using The SSTS
      • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Connector Removal Note
        • Abs HU/Cm Removal/Installation Note
        • Connector Installation Note
      • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage Table (Reference)
        • Inspection Using An Oscilloscope (Reference)
          • Wheel-Speed
          • Vehicle Speed Output (To PCM) (ATX Only)
          • Vehicle Speed Output (To Instrument Cluster)
      • Front Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Front/Rear Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Inspection
        • Visual Inspection
        • Clearance Inspection
        • Resistance Inspection
        • Voltage Inspection
        • Voltage Pattern Inspection
      • Rear Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Removal/Installation
      • Brakes Technical Data
      • Brakes SST
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Disc & Drum
      • Description & Operation
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Notes
        • BRAKELINE Bleeding Sequence
        • Bleeding Brakes
      • Adjustments
        • Brake Pedal Free Play
        • Brake Pedal Height
        • Master Cylinder Push Rod
        • Parking/Emergency Brake
      • Component Tests
        • Fluid Level Sensor Inspection
        • Power Brake Unit
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Brake Pedal
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Brake Rotor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Disc Brake Caliper
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Disc Brake Pads
          • Removal & Installation
        • Master Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
          • Master Cylinder Installation Note
        • Parking Brake Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Brake Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Axle Bearing & Oil Seal
        • Rear Brake Caliper
        • Rear Brake Drum
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Brake Rotor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Disc Brake Pads
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Notes
        • Front Caliper
          • Disassembly & Reassembly
        • Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Disassembly & Reassembly
        • Rear Caliper
          • Disassembly & Reassembly
        • Wheel Cylinder (Rear Drum)
          • Disassembly & Reassembly
      • Torque Specifications
      • Disc Brake Specifications
      • Drum Brake Specifications
  • Anti-Lock/Traction Control System
    • Abs Location Index
    • Abs System Diagram
    • Abs
      • Foreword
      • Precaution
    • Abs On-Board Diagnostic Test
      • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
        • Notes
        • Read/Clear Diagnostic Results
        • PID/Data Monitor And Record
        • Active Command Modes
      • DTCS Retrieving Procedure
        • Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
        • Without Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
      • DTCS Clearing Procedure
        • Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
        • Without Using SST (WDS Or Equivalent)
      • PID/Data Monitor And Record Procedure
      • Active Command Modes Procedure
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Table
      • PID/Data Monitor Table
      • Active Command Modes Table
    • DTC C1145 (11), C1155 (12), C1165 (13), C1175 (14): Abs Wheel Speed Sensor
    • DTC C1148 (41), C1158 (42), C1168 (43), C1178 (44), C1233 (46), C1234 (45), C1235 (47), C1236 (48): Abs Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
    • DTC C1194 (24), C1198 (25), C1210 (22), C1214 (23), C1242 (28), C1246 (26), C1250 (29), C1254 (27): Pressure Reduction/Retention Valve
    • DTC C1140 (30): Abs HU/Cm (Pump)
    • DTC C1510 (32), C1511 (33), C1512 (34), C1513 (35): Solenoid Valve, Abs Motor Or Abs Wheel Speed Sensor/Sensor Rotor
    • DTC C1186 (51), C1266 (52): Fail-Safe Relay
    • DTC C1095 (54), C1096 (53): Motor Relay, Abs Motor
    • DTC B1342 (61): Abs HU/Cm (Cm)
    • DTC B1318 (63): Abs HU/Cm Power Supply
    • Symptom Troubleshooting
      • Abs Symptom Troubleshooting
      • Quick Diagnosis Chart
    • No. 1 Neither Abs Warning Light Nor Brake System Warning Light Illuminate
    • No. 2 Abs Warning Light Does Not Illuminate
    • No. 3 Brake System Warning Light Does Not Illuminate
    • No. 4 Abs Warning Light And Brake System Warning Light Stay On
    • No. 5 Abs Warning Light Stays On
    • No. 6 Brake System Warning Light Stays On
    • No. 7 Brake System Malfunction
    • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) System Inspection
      • System Inspection
        • Preparation
      • Using The SSTS
      • Without Using The SSTS
    • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Connector Removal Note
      • Abs HU/Cm Removal/Installation Note
      • Connector Installation Note
    • Abs Hydraulic Unit (HU)/Control Module (Cm) Inspection
      • Notes
      • Terminal Voltage Table (Reference)
      • Inspection Using An Oscilloscope (Reference)
        • Wheel-Speed
        • Vehicle Speed Output (To PCM) (ATX Only)
        • Vehicle Speed Output (To Instrument Cluster)
    • Front Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Removal/Installation
    • Front/Rear Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Inspection
      • Visual Inspection
      • Clearance Inspection
      • Resistance Inspection
      • Voltage Inspection
      • Voltage Pattern Inspection
    • Rear Abs Wheel-Speed Sensor Removal/Installation
    • Brakes Technical Data
    • Brakes SST
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Fwd Axle Shafts
    • Lubrication
    • Trouble Shooting
    • Removal & Installation
      • Axle Shaft
        • Notes
        • Inspection
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Intermediate Shaft
        • Notes
        • Inspection
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Overhaul
      • Axle Shaft
        • Disassembly (Manual Transmission Right Side & Traction Control Right Side)
        • Disassembly (Manual Transmission Left Side & Traction Control Left Side)
        • Reassembly (Manual Transmission Right Side & Traction Control Right Side)
        • Reassembly (Manual Transmission Left Side & Traction Control Left Side)
      • Intermediate Shaft
        • Disassembly
        • Reassembly
    • Torque Specifications
  • Wheel Hubs
    • Front Axle
      • Front Axle Location Index
      • Wheel Hub, Steering Knuckle Pre-Inspection
        • Wheel Bearing Play Inspection
      • Wheel Hub Bolt Replacement
      • Wheel Hub, Steering Knuckle Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Locknut Removal Note
        • Wheel Hub Component Removal Note
        • Wheel Bearing Removal Note
        • Dust Cover Removal Note
        • Hub Bolt Removal Note
        • Hub Bolt Installation Note
        • Dust Cover Installation Note
        • Wheel Bearing Installation Note
        • Wheel Hub Component Installation Note
        • Oil Seal Installation Note
        • Locknut Installation Note
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege 1.5L & 626)
        • PCM Connector End View -- Mazda6 (2.3L)
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View (MPV)
        • APP Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Clockspring Connector End View
        • TR Switch Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type D)
        • O/D Off Switch Connector End View
        • Cargo Compartment Light Connector End View
        • Panel Light Control Switch Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock Control Module Connector End View
        • Climate Control Unit Connector End View
        • Sunroof Switch Connector End View
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege 2.0L)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View
        • Power Window Main Switch Connector End View
        • BARO Sensor 3-Pin Harness Connector End View (MAZDA6 2.3L)
        • Ignition Coil 3-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Clutch Switch 5-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Air Intake Actuator Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type B)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Unit Connector End View
        • Selector Lever Connector End View
        • Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • Trunk Compartment Light Switch Connector End View
        • MAP Sensor 4-Pin Harness Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Fan Control Module 3-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View -- MPV
        • Sunroof Motor Connector End View
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Miata)
        • Back-Up Light Switch Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View
        • Buckle Switch Connector End View
        • Generator Connector End View (MPV)
        • In-Line Harness Connector X13 Connector End View
        • Flasher Control Module Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type A)
        • Side Air Bag System Connector End View
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Transaxle Connector No. 2 Connector End View
        • ECT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (MPV)
        • Main Relay Connector End View (Except MPV & 626)
        • Interior Light Connector End View
        • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Connector End View
        • Wiper And Washer Switch Connector End View
        • Keyless Control Module Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Interior And Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View
        • HO2S Harness Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Hazard Warning Switch Connector End View
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Connector End View
        • Generator Harness Connector End View
        • KS Connector End View (Protege)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type C)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Mazda6 & MPV)
        • Relay Connector End View
        • Control Switch Connector End View
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • VSS Connector End View
        • DRL Control Module Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • SAS Control Module Connector End View
        • Condenser Fan Connector End View
        • Key Reminder Switch Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View (Protege)
        • Transaxle Connector End View
        • Light Switch Connector End View
        • Junction Box JB-03, JB-04 Connector End View
        • Amplifier Connector End View
        • Blower Resistor Connector End View
        • ABS Hydraulic Unit Control Module Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 5-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Throttle Position Sensor Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View
        • Door Key Cylinder Switch Connector End View
        • HO2S Connector End View (Protege)
        • Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump 4-Pin Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Cooling Fan Relay Connector End View
        • Cruise Control Module Connector End View
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Miata)
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock-Link Switch Connector End View
        • Fog Light Switch Connector End View
        • Door Lock Switch Connector End View
        • Turn Switch Connector End View
  • Charging Systems
    • Generators & Regulators
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • Adjustments
        • Drive Belt
          • Notes
          • Belt Deflection
          • Belt Tension
          • Generator Belt Adjustment
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Generator Warning Light Operation
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Retrieving/Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
          • Using Scan Tool
      • On-Vehicle Tests
        • Battery
        • Back-Up Current
        • Battery Recharging
        • Generator Voltage
        • Generator Current
      • Bench Testing
      • Removal & Installation
        • Generator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
      • Generator Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • Engine Compartment Fuse Block
      • Instrument Panel Fuse Block
  • Gauges
    • Instrument Panel
      • Location Index
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Removal Note
      • Instrument Cluster Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Cluster Inspection
        • Speedometer
        • Tachometer
        • Fuel Gauge
        • Water Temperature Gauge
      • Instrument Cluster Repair
        • Tachometer
      • Instrument Cluster Input/Output Check Mode
        • Notes
        • DTC Chart
        • Operating Order
        • Checking Order
        • Inspection Of DTCS
          • DTC 01: Buckle Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 04: Door Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 05: Door Lock-Link Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 08: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
          • DTC 10: Vehicle Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 11: Engine Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 12: Operation Signal To Speedometer
          • DTC 13: Operation Signal To Tachometer
          • DTC 14: Operation Signal To Buzzer
          • DTC 16: Operation Signal To Fuel-Level Warning Light
          • DTC 22: Fuel Level Signal
          • DTC 23: Operation Signal To Fuel Gauge
          • DTC 24: Water Temperature Signal
          • DTC 25: Operation Signal To Water Temperature Gauge
          • DTC 26: LCD Indication
          • DTC 27: Operation Signal To Interior Light
          • DTC 31: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
      • Buckle Switch Inspection
      • TNS Relay (4-Terminal Type A)
      • Warning And Indicator Light Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Gauge Sender Unit Inspection
      • Oil Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Bumper Removal Note
        • Front Bumper Installation Note
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Notes
        • Protege
        • Protege5
      • Instrumentation/Driver Info Technical Data
      • Body & Accessories SST
  • Horns
    • Instrument Panel
      • Location Index
      • Instrument Cluster Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Removal Note
      • Instrument Cluster Disassembly/Assembly
      • Instrument Cluster Inspection
        • Speedometer
        • Tachometer
        • Fuel Gauge
        • Water Temperature Gauge
      • Instrument Cluster Repair
        • Tachometer
      • Instrument Cluster Input/Output Check Mode
        • Notes
        • DTC Chart
        • Operating Order
        • Checking Order
        • Inspection Of DTCS
          • DTC 01: Buckle Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 04: Door Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 05: Door Lock-Link Switch On/Off Signal
          • DTC 08: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
          • DTC 10: Vehicle Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 11: Engine Speed Input Signal
          • DTC 12: Operation Signal To Speedometer
          • DTC 13: Operation Signal To Tachometer
          • DTC 14: Operation Signal To Buzzer
          • DTC 16: Operation Signal To Fuel-Level Warning Light
          • DTC 22: Fuel Level Signal
          • DTC 23: Operation Signal To Fuel Gauge
          • DTC 24: Water Temperature Signal
          • DTC 25: Operation Signal To Water Temperature Gauge
          • DTC 26: LCD Indication
          • DTC 27: Operation Signal To Interior Light
          • DTC 31: TNS Relay On/Off Signal
      • Buckle Switch Inspection
      • TNS Relay (4-Terminal Type A)
      • Warning And Indicator Light Bulb Removal/Installation
      • Fuel Gauge Sender Unit Inspection
      • Oil Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Horn Removal/Installation
      • Front Bumper Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Front Bumper Removal Note
        • Front Bumper Installation Note
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • Notes
        • Protege
        • Protege5
      • Instrumentation/Driver Info Technical Data
      • Body & Accessories SST
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege 1.5L & 626)
        • PCM Connector End View -- Mazda6 (2.3L)
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View (MPV)
        • APP Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Clockspring Connector End View
        • TR Switch Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type D)
        • O/D Off Switch Connector End View
        • Cargo Compartment Light Connector End View
        • Panel Light Control Switch Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock Control Module Connector End View
        • Climate Control Unit Connector End View
        • Sunroof Switch Connector End View
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege 2.0L)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View
        • Power Window Main Switch Connector End View
        • BARO Sensor 3-Pin Harness Connector End View (MAZDA6 2.3L)
        • Ignition Coil 3-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Clutch Switch 5-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Air Intake Actuator Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type B)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Unit Connector End View
        • Selector Lever Connector End View
        • Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • Trunk Compartment Light Switch Connector End View
        • MAP Sensor 4-Pin Harness Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Fan Control Module 3-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View -- MPV
        • Sunroof Motor Connector End View
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Miata)
        • Back-Up Light Switch Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View
        • Buckle Switch Connector End View
        • Generator Connector End View (MPV)
        • In-Line Harness Connector X13 Connector End View
        • Flasher Control Module Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type A)
        • Side Air Bag System Connector End View
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Transaxle Connector No. 2 Connector End View
        • ECT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (MPV)
        • Main Relay Connector End View (Except MPV & 626)
        • Interior Light Connector End View
        • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Connector End View
        • Wiper And Washer Switch Connector End View
        • Keyless Control Module Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Interior And Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View
        • HO2S Harness Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Hazard Warning Switch Connector End View
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Connector End View
        • Generator Harness Connector End View
        • KS Connector End View (Protege)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type C)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Mazda6 & MPV)
        • Relay Connector End View
        • Control Switch Connector End View
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • VSS Connector End View
        • DRL Control Module Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • SAS Control Module Connector End View
        • Condenser Fan Connector End View
        • Key Reminder Switch Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View (Protege)
        • Transaxle Connector End View
        • Light Switch Connector End View
        • Junction Box JB-03, JB-04 Connector End View
        • Amplifier Connector End View
        • Blower Resistor Connector End View
        • ABS Hydraulic Unit Control Module Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 5-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Throttle Position Sensor Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View
        • Door Key Cylinder Switch Connector End View
        • HO2S Connector End View (Protege)
        • Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump 4-Pin Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Cooling Fan Relay Connector End View
        • Cruise Control Module Connector End View
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Miata)
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock-Link Switch Connector End View
        • Fog Light Switch Connector End View
        • Door Lock Switch Connector End View
        • Turn Switch Connector End View
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Description & Operation
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Notes
        • No-Load Test
        • Starter Inspection
        • Starter Interlock Switch Inspection (M/T)
          • On-vehicle Inspection
          • Continuity Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege 1.5L & 626)
        • PCM Connector End View -- Mazda6 (2.3L)
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View (MPV)
        • APP Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Clockspring Connector End View
        • TR Switch Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type D)
        • O/D Off Switch Connector End View
        • Cargo Compartment Light Connector End View
        • Panel Light Control Switch Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock Control Module Connector End View
        • Climate Control Unit Connector End View
        • Sunroof Switch Connector End View
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege 2.0L)
        • Ignition Switch Connector End View
        • Power Window Main Switch Connector End View
        • BARO Sensor 3-Pin Harness Connector End View (MAZDA6 2.3L)
        • Ignition Coil 3-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Clutch Switch 5-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • Air Intake Actuator Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type B)
        • Blower Motor Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Unit Connector End View
        • Selector Lever Connector End View
        • Rear Door Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • Trunk Compartment Light Switch Connector End View
        • MAP Sensor 4-Pin Harness Connector End View (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Fan Control Module 3-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump Connector End View -- MPV
        • Sunroof Motor Connector End View
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Miata)
        • Back-Up Light Switch Connector End View
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View
        • Buckle Switch Connector End View
        • Generator Connector End View (MPV)
        • In-Line Harness Connector X13 Connector End View
        • Flasher Control Module Connector End View
        • Relay Connector End View (Type A)
        • Side Air Bag System Connector End View
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Transaxle Connector No. 2 Connector End View
        • ECT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (MPV)
        • Main Relay Connector End View (Except MPV & 626)
        • Interior Light Connector End View
        • Washer Fluid-Level Sensor Connector End View
        • Wiper And Washer Switch Connector End View
        • Keyless Control Module Connector End View
        • CKP Sensor Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Interior And Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor Connector End View
        • HO2S Harness Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Hazard Warning Switch Connector End View
        • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Connector End View
        • Generator Harness Connector End View
        • KS Connector End View (Protege)
        • Relay Connector End View (Type C)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (Mazda6 & MPV)
        • Relay Connector End View
        • Control Switch Connector End View
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 6-Pin Harness Connector End View
        • VSS Connector End View
        • DRL Control Module Connector End View
        • TP Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • SAS Control Module Connector End View
        • Condenser Fan Connector End View
        • Key Reminder Switch Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View (Protege)
        • Transaxle Connector End View
        • Light Switch Connector End View
        • Junction Box JB-03, JB-04 Connector End View
        • Amplifier Connector End View
        • Blower Resistor Connector End View
        • ABS Hydraulic Unit Control Module Connector End View
        • MAF/IAT Sensor 5-Pin Connector End View (Mazda6)
        • Throttle Position Sensor Connector End View
        • EGR Valve Connector End View
        • Door Key Cylinder Switch Connector End View
        • HO2S Connector End View (Protege)
        • Map Light Connector End View
        • Fuel Pump 4-Pin Connector End View (Protege & Protege5)
        • Cooling Fan Relay Connector End View
        • Cruise Control Module Connector End View
        • CMP Sensor Connector End View (Miata)
        • IAT Sensor Connector End View (Protege)
        • Door Lock-Link Switch Connector End View
        • Fog Light Switch Connector End View
        • Door Lock Switch Connector End View
        • Turn Switch Connector End View
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlocks
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Emission Control Labels
      • Emission Control Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
        • Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
        • Catalytic Converters
          • Oxidation Catalyst (OC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst + Oxidation Catalyst (TWC + OC)
        • Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
          • Single Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Dual Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Positive Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Negative Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Digital EGR Valve
          • Integrated Electronic EGR Valve
        • Spark Controls (SPK)
        • Air Injection System (AIS)
          • Air Pump Injection System (AP)
          • Pulsed Secondary Air Injection (PAIR) System
        • Oxygen Sensor (O2)
        • Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
        • Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR) (If Equipped)
        • Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
  • Electric Cooling Fans
    • Description & Operation
    • Component Location
    • Self-Diagnostic System
      • Self-Diagnostics
        • 2002
        • 2003
    • Troubleshooting
      • Preliminary Inspection
    • Component Tests
      • Cooling Fan Motor
      • Condenser Fan
    • Removal & Installation
      • Cooling/Condenser Fan Motor
        • Removal & Installation
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Notes
      • 2002
        • Protege
        • Protege5
      • 2003
        • Protege
        • Protege5
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Belt Routing
      • Specifications
        • Belt Adjustment
        • Cooling System Specifications
  • Engine Mechanical 2.0L
    • Mechanical Location Index
    • Before Repair Procedure
      • Notes
      • Fuel Line Safety Procedure
    • After Repair Procedure
      • Notes
      • Fuel Leakage Inspection
    • Valve Clearance Inspection
    • Valve Clearance Adjustment
    • Compression Inspection
    • Timing Belt Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Removal Notes
        • Crankshaft Pulley Removal Note
        • Cylinder Head Cover Removal Note
        • No. 3 Engine Mount Rubber Removal Note
        • Timing Belt Removal Note
      • Installation Notes
        • TENSIONER, TENSIONER Spring Installation Note
        • Timing Belt Installation Note
        • Cylinder Head Cover Installation Note
        • Crankshaft Pulley Installation Note
        • Water Pump Pulley Installation Note
    • Engine Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Installation Notes
        • Roll Damper Installation Note
        • No. 3, No. 4 Engine Mount Installation Note
    • Ignition Coil Removal/Installation
    • Exhaust System Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Removal Note
        • Exhaust Manifold Removal Note
      • Installation Note
        • Exhaust Manifold Gasket Installation Note
    • Intake-Air System Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Removal Notes
        • Throttle Body Removal Note
        • Intake Manifold Removal Note
      • Installation Notes
        • Dynamic Chamber Gasket Installation Note
        • Intake Manifold Gasket Installation Note
        • Throttle Body Installation Note
        • Accelerator Cable Installation Note
          • Notes
          • Accelerator Cable Adjustment
      • Vacuum Hose Routing Diagram
    • Fuel Injector Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Removal Note
        • Plastic Fuel Hose Removal Note
      • Installation Notes
        • Plastic Fuel Hose Installation Note
        • Fuel Injector Installation Note
    • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve Removal/Installation
    • Vacuum Chamber Check Valve Removal/Installation
    • Cylinder Head Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Disassembly Notes
        • Camshaft Pulley Disassembly Note
        • Camshaft Disassembly Note
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly Note
      • Assembly Notes
        • Cylinder Head Assembly Note
        • Camshaft Assembly Note
        • Camshaft Pulley Assembly Note
      • Cylinder Head Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Notes
          • Valve Keeper Disassembly Note
          • Valve Seal Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Notes
          • Valve Seal Assembly Note
          • Valve Spring Assembly Note
          • Valve Keeper Assembly Note
    • Cylinder Head Gasket Replacement
      • Notes
      • Removal Notes
        • Camshaft Pulley Removal Note
        • Camshaft Removal Note
        • Cylinder Head Removal Note
      • Installation Notes
        • Cylinder Head Installation Note
        • Camshaft Installation Note
        • Camshaft Pulley Installation Note
    • Front Oil Seal Replacement
      • Notes
      • Front Oil Seal Removal Note
      • Front Oil Seal Installation Note
    • Rear Oil Seal Replacement
      • Notes
      • Rear Oil Seal Removal Note
      • Rear Oil Seal Installation Note
    • Cylinder Block Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Disassembly Notes
        • Oil Pump Disassembly Note
        • Flywheel (MTX), Drive Plate (ATX) Disassembly Note
        • Rear Cover Disassembly Note
        • Oil Pan Disassembly Note
        • Oil Pan Upper Block Disassembly Note
        • Connecting Rod Cap Disassembly Note
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Disassembly Note
        • Main Bearing Cap Disassembly Note
      • Assembly Notes
        • Oil Pan Upper Block Assembly Note
        • Oil Strainer Assembly Note
        • Oil Pan Assembly Note
        • Rear Cover Assembly Note
        • Flywheel (MTX), Driver Plate (ATX) Assembly Note
        • Oil Pump Assembly Note
        • Main Bearing Cap Assembly Note
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Assembly Note
    • Oil Pump Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Oil Pump Inspection
        • Rotor Clearance Inspection
        • Plunger Spring Inspection
    • Engine Disassembly/Assembly
      • External Components
    • Engine Inspection/Repair
      • Cylinder Head Inspection/Repair
      • Valve Inspection
      • Valve Guide Inspection
      • Valve Guide Replacement
        • Notes
        • Valve Guide Removal
        • Valve Guide Installation
      • Valve Seat Inspection/Repair
      • Valve Spring Inspection
      • Camshaft Inspection
      • Camshaft Oil Clearance Inspection
      • Camshaft End Play Inspection
      • Tappet Inspection
      • Cylinder Block Inspection/Repair
      • Oil Jet Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Piston Inspection
        • Notes
        • Piston Clearance Inspection/Repair
        • Piston Ring Clearance
        • Piston Pin Clearance Inspection
      • Crankshaft Inspection
      • Crankshaft Oil Clearance Inspection/Repair
      • Crankshaft End Play Inspection/Repair
      • Connecting Rod Inspection
      • Connecting Rod Oil Clearance Inspection/Repair
      • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
      • Piston & Connecting Rod Inspection
      • TENSIONER Spring Inspection
      • TENSIONER Inspection
      • Connecting Rod Bolt Inspection
      • Main Bearing Cap Bolt Inspection
      • Cylinder Head Bolt Inspection
    • Radiator Removal/Installation
    • Thermostat Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Installation Note
        • Thermostat Installation Note
    • Water Pump Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Water Pump Installation Note ZM
        • ZM
    • Engine Tune-Up
      • Engine Tune-Up Preparation
      • Ignition Timing Inspection
      • Idle Speed Adjustment
      • Idle-Up Speed Inspection
      • Idle Mixture Inspection
    • Torque Specifications
    • Engine Specifications
      • Notes
      • Crankshaft, Main & Connecting Rod Bearings
      • Connecting Rods
      • Engine Pistons, Engine Piston Pins & Engine Piston Rings
      • Cylinder Block
      • Cylinder Head
      • Valves & Valve Springs
      • Camshaft
      • Hydraulic Lash Adjusters
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Description & Operation
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Notes
        • No-Load Test
        • Starter Inspection
        • Starter Interlock Switch Inspection (M/T)
          • On-vehicle Inspection
          • Continuity Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Starter Motor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
  • Timing Belt Replacement - 2.0L
    • Model Applications
    • Manufacturer's Suggested Scheduled Maintenance
    • Removal & Installation
      • Removal
      • Inspection
      • Installation
    • Torque Specifications
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Controls - On-Vehicle Adjustments
    • Engine Mechanical
      • Notes
      • Valve Adjustment
        • Notes
        • B2300
        • Miata 1.8L, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L
        • Millenia 2.3L & 626 2.5L
        • Tribute 2.0L
    • Crankshaft Position Sensor
      • Notes
      • MIATA
    • Ignition Timing
      • Notes
      • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
      • MIATA, MILLENIA, MPV, Protege & Protege5
      • 626
    • Idle Speed & Mixture
      • Notes
      • Cold (Fast) Idle Speed
      • Idle Speed
        • Notes
        • B-Series Truck, MPV & Tribute
        • Miata, Millenia, Protege & Protege5
        • 626
    • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Notes
      • Throttle Position Sensor Resistance
        • Inspection (MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
      • Throttle Position Sensor Voltage
        • Inspection (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
        • Inspection & Adjustment Using NGS Scan Tool (Miata, Millenia, MPV & 626)
        • Inspection Using DVOM
    • Closed Throttle Position Switch
      • MILLENIA 2.3L
        • Notes
        • Inspection
        • Adjustment
  • Application
    • Introduction
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description (Except B-Series Truck & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1, 2 & 3
          • Model, Body Style, Engine & Restraint Code - Positions 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 9
          • Model Year Code - Position 10
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 11
          • Production Sequence Number - Positions 12-17
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description (B-Series Truck & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) & Restraint Type Code - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Emissions
    • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
      • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
        • Test 1
          • Piston Engines (W/Single Or Dual EGR Valves)
          • Modulator Valve
          • Vacuum Amplifier
        • Test 2
          • Rotary Engine
          • EGR Solenoid Valve
        • Test 3
          • MX-3 DOHC, MX-6 2.5L, 626 2.5L & 929
          • MX-6 2.0L & 626 2.0L
          • RX7
        • Test 4
          • System Check
          • EGR Valve
        • Test 5
    • Emission Applications
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Mode 6 - 1999-2023 MAZDA
    • Introduction
    • B-Series Pickup
      • 1999
      • 2000-2010
    • CX-3
      • 2016-22
    • CX-30
      • 2020-23
    • CX-5
      • 2013
      • 2014-16
      • 2017-23
    • CX-7
      • 2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010-12
    • CX-9
      • 2007-10
      • 2011-13
      • 2014
      • 2015
      • 2016-23
    • MIATA
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002-2003
      • 2004-2005
      • 2006
      • 2007-08
      • 2009
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014
      • 2015
      • 2016-23
    • MILLENIA
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002
    • MPV
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002-2004
      • 2005-2006
    • Protege
      • 2000
      • 2001-2002
      • 2003
    • RX-8
      • 2004
      • 2005
      • 2006-2009
      • 2010-11
    • Tribute
      • 2001-2006
    • MAZDA2
      • 2011-12
      • 2013
      • 2014
      • 2017-18
    • MAZDA3
      • 2004-2005
      • 2006-2009
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014-18
      • 2019-23
    • MAZDA5
      • 2006-2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010
      • 2012
      • 2013
      • 2014-17
    • MAZDA6
      • 2003-2004
      • 2005
      • 2006
      • 2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014-17
      • 2018-21
    • 626
      • 1999
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002
  • Pin Voltage Charts
    • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage/PID Value Charts
      • Introduction
      • Test Procedures
        • Notes
        • Pin Voltage Testing
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
        • PID Value Testing
        • Powertrain Control Module (Pcm) Location
      • Pin Voltage & PID Value Charts
        • Pin Voltage & PID Value Chart Index
        • Wire Color Identification
        • Pin Voltage Charts
          • Notes
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (B3000)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (B4000)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Miata)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Millenia 2.3L)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Millenia 2.5L)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (MPV)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Protege & Protege5)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (626 2.0L)
          • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (626 2.5L)
        • PID Value Charts
          • Notes
          • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (B3000 & B4000)
          • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B3000 A/T)
          • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B3000 M/T)
          • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B4000 A/T)
          • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B4000 M/T)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (Miata)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (Millenia 2.3L)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (Millenia 2.5L)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (MPV)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (Protege & Protege5)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (626 2.0L)
          • PCM PID Value Chart (626 2.5L)
        • Pin/PID Charts
          • Notes
          • PCM Pin/PID Chart (B2300 A/T)
          • PCM Pin/PID Chart (B2300 M/T)
          • PCM Pin/PID Chart (Tribute 2.0L M/T)
          • PCM Pin/PID Chart (Tribute 3.0L A/T)
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Throttle Body
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Supercharger
        • LYSHOLM Compressor (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (626)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia 2.3L, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (626 2.5L)
        • Camshaft Synchronizer (B3000)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Except B2300, Miata & Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Miata
          • Millenia
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
          • 626
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Distributor (MILLENIA 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation
          • Overhaul
        • Ignition Control Module
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (626)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Disconnect - Spring Lock Coupling
          • Connect
          • Disconnect - Push Connect Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling With "R" Clip
        • Plastic Fuel Line Coupler (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect Fuel Line Coupler
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA, MILLENIA, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Notes
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tabless Design (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tab Design
        • Fuel System Priming
          • Notes
          • Miata, Millenia, Protege & Protege5
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • 626
        • Fuel Pump
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Removal (Millenia)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal (Tribute)
          • Removal (626)
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, Miata, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MIATA
        • MILLENIA 2.3L
        • MILLENIA 2.5L & 626 2.5L
        • MPV
        • Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L
        • Tribute
  • Sensor Range Charts
    • Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
        • Knock Sensor
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Introduction
      • Capacities
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
        • Valve Clearance
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • High Tension Wire Resistance
        • Spark Plugs
        • Firing Order & Ignition Coils
          • Notes
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (B2300)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (B3000 & B4000)
          • Firing Order & Ignition Coils (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Firing Order & Distributor Rotation (Millenia 2.5L)
          • Firing Order (MPV & Tribute 3.0L Engine)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (626 2.0L)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (626 2.5L)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack(Miata 1.8L, Protege & Protege5 2.0L)
        • Ignition Timing
        • Spark Plug Wire Routing
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (Miata 1.8L, Protege & Protege5 2.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pump
        • Injector Resistance
        • Idle Speed & Mixture
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor - Closed Throttle Position Switch Continuity (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Resistance
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor Voltage
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • Rotary Engine
        • 6 Cylinder Engine
        • V6 Engine
          • 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3) V6 Engines
          • All Others (Including Tribute) Except 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3)
  • System
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Preliminary Checks
          • Notes
          • Engine Does Not Crank
          • Engine Cranks But Will Not Start
        • Fuel Pressure Release
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Pressure (Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Hold Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Maximum Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Pump Resistor & Relay (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (Millenia 2.5L, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
          • Injector Fuel Leakage Inspection
        • Fuel Pressure (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Inspection
          • Injector Fuel Leakage Inspection
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Spark Check
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Miata)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Millenia 2.5L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (MPV)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Protege & Protege5)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (626 2.0L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (626 2.5L)
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor Resistance (Except Miata)
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor Air Gap (Except MPV)
          • Ignition Coil Operation Inspection (Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Millenia 2.5L)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (MPV)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (626)
          • Ignition Control Module (Millenia)
        • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Notes
          • Spark Check
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Throttle Body
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Supercharger
        • LYSHOLM Compressor (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (626)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia 2.3L, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (626 2.5L)
        • Camshaft Synchronizer (B3000)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Except B2300, Miata & Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Miata
          • Millenia
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
          • 626
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Distributor (MILLENIA 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation
          • Overhaul
        • Ignition Control Module
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (626)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Disconnect - Spring Lock Coupling
          • Connect
          • Disconnect - Push Connect Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling With "R" Clip
        • Plastic Fuel Line Coupler (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect Fuel Line Coupler
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA, MILLENIA, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Notes
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tabless Design (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tab Design
        • Fuel System Priming
          • Notes
          • Miata, Millenia, Protege & Protege5
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • 626
        • Fuel Pump
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Removal (Millenia)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal (Tribute)
          • Removal (626)
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, Miata, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MIATA
        • MILLENIA 2.3L
        • MILLENIA 2.5L & 626 2.5L
        • MPV
        • Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L
        • Tribute
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Pending Codes
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Freeze Frame Data
        • Parameter Identification
        • On-Board System Readiness Test Mode
        • Drive Modes
          • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
          • Drive Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory
          • Drive Mode 2 - EGR Monitor Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 3 - HO2S, HO2S Heater & TWC Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 5 - EVAP System Very Small Leak Repair Verification
        • Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Test Equipment
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • DTC P0031: Ho2S Heater (Front) Circuit Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0032: Ho2S Heater (Front) Circuit High
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0037: Ho2S Heater (Rear) Circuit Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0038: Rear Ho2S Heater Circuit High
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0101: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0102: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0103: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0106: BARO Circuit, Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0107: BARO Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0108: BARO Circuit, High Input
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0111: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, Performance Problem
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0112: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0113: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0117: Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0118: Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0121: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0122: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0123: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0125: Insufficient Coolant Temperature For Closed Loop Fuel Control
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0126: Coolant Thermostat Stuck Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0128: Coolant Thermostat Stuck Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0131: Ho2S (Front) No Inversion, Low Voltage Stuck
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0132: Ho2S (Front) No Inversion, High Voltage Stuck
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0133: Ho2S (Front) Circuit, Slow Response
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0134: Ho2S (Front) Circuit, No Activity Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0138: Ho2S (Rear) Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0140: Ho2S (Rear) Circuit, No Activity Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0171: Fuel Trim, Too Lean
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0172: Fuel Trim, Too Rich
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0300: Random Misfire Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0301-P0304: Cylinders No. 1-4 Misfire Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0325: Knock Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0335: Crankshaft Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0340: Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0401: EGR System, Insufficient Flow
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0402: EGR System, Excessive Flow
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0421: Catalyst System, Efficiency Below Threshold
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0442: EVAP Control System, Small Leak Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0443: EVAP Control System Purge Control Valve, Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0451: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor, Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0452: EVAP Control System Pressure Sensor, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0453: EVAP Control System Pressure Sensor, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0455: EVAP Control System Leak Detected, Blockage Or Large Leak
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0456: EVAP Control System Leak Detected, Very Small Leak
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0461: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0462: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0463: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0464: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Slosh Check
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0480: Cooling Fan Relay Circuit
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0500: Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0505: Idle Air Control Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0506: Idle Control System, Rpm Less Than Expected
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0507: Idle Control System, Rpm Greater Than Expected
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0550: Power Steering Pressure Switch Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0660: Variable Inertia Charging System Solenoid Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0703: Brake Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0704: Clutch Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0705: Neutral Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1250: Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid Valve Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1449: Canister Drain Cut Valve Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1450: EVAP Control System Malfunction, Excessive Vacuum
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1487: EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1496: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 1 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1497: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 2 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1498: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 3 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1499: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 4 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1512: Variable Tumble Control System Stuck Closed
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1562: Pcm +BB Voltage Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1569: Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1570: Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1631: Generator Output Voltage Signal, No Electricity
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1632: Battery Voltage Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1633: Battery Overcharge
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1634: Generator Terminal "B" Circuit Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • Reference Voltage Test
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Charging Pressure Control (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Lysholm Compressor
          • Air By-Pass Valve Actuator
          • Charge Air Cooler (Intercooler)
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) System Inspection
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) Actuator
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) Solenoid Valve
          • Air By-Pass Valve Solenoid Valve (Vacuum)
          • Air By-Pass Valve Solenoid Valve (Vent)
        • Intake Manifold Communication Control (MPV)
          • System Check
        • Variable Inertia Charging System (Protege & Protege5)
          • Notes
          • System Check
          • VICS Solenoid Valve Check
          • VICS Shutter Valve Actuator Check
          • Vacuum Chamber Check Valve
        • Variable Resonance Induction System (MILLENIA & 626 2.5L)
          • System Check
          • Check Valve
          • VRIS Shutter Valve Actuators
          • VRIS Solenoid Valve
          • Vacuum Chamber
        • Variable Tumble Control System (MIATA 1.8L, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Variable Tumble Control System (VTCS) Check
          • One-Way Delay Valve Check
          • Shutter Valve Actuator Check
          • VTCS Solenoid Check
          • VTCS Vacuum Switch Check (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuit Checks
          • Power Circuit Checks
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • BRAKELIGHT Switch
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia 2.3L
          • Millenia 2.5L
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • 626 2.0L
          • 626 2.5L
        • Closed Throttle Position Switch
          • Millenia (2.3L)
        • Clutch Switch (M/T)
          • Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • EGR Boost Sensor
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Except Miata
          • Miata
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • 626 2.0L (Using Breakout Box)
          • 626 2.0L (Using New Generation Star Scan Tool)
          • 626 2.5L (Using Breakout Box)
          • 626 2.5L (Using New Generation Star Scan Tool)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia 2.5L & 626
          • Millenia 2.3L
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
        • Knock Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia & 626
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Notes
          • Millenia 2.3L
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Neutral Switch (M/T)
          • Protege, Protege5 & 626
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch
        • Throttle Position Sensor
        • Transmission Range Switch
          • Except 626 2.0L
          • 626 2.0L
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
          • Miata (M/T) & 626
          • Miata A/T, Millenia & MPV Without ABS
          • Protege & Protege5
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Miata
          • Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626
          • MPV
        • Fuel Pump Resistor & Relay (Speed)
          • Millenia 2.3L
        • Main Relay
        • Solenoids
          • Air By-Pass Valve (ABV) Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • By-Pass Air Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid
          • EGR Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Vacuum Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Pressure Regulator Control (PRC) Solenoid Valve
          • Purge Control Solenoid
          • VICS Solenoid - Protege & Protege5
          • VRIS Solenoid - Millenia 2.5L & 626 2.5L
          • VTCS Solenoid - Miata 1.8L & 626 2.0L
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure Release
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Circuit
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Resistance (Except Millenia)
          • Fuel Injector Resistance (Millenia)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (Millenia 2.3L & 2.5L & 626 2.5L)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (MPV)
          • Fuel Cut Control System (626)
      • Idle Control System
        • System Check (Except 626)
        • By-Pass Air Control Valve (MILLENIA 2.3L)
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Ignition System
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Evaporative System Leak Inspection Using Leak Tester
          • Notes
          • Evaporative Emission System Tester Self Test
          • Leak Inspection
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
          • System Check (Millenia)
          • EGR Boost Sensor (Except Miata)
          • EGR Boost Sensor (Miata)
          • EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid Valve
          • EGR Position Sensor (Millenia)
          • EGR Vacuum Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Valve (Miata, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • EGR Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
        • Fuel-Filler Cap Inspection
          • Notes
          • Leakage Inspection
        • Fuel Evaporative System (Except MPV)
          • Notes
          • System Inspection
          • System Leak Inspection - Using Vacuum Pump
          • Charcoal Canister (Except Millenia)
          • Charcoal Canister (Millenia)
          • Canister Drain Cut Valve (CDCV) - Airflow Inspection
          • Canister Drain Cut Valve (CDCV) - Circuit Inspection
          • Catch Tank (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Evaporative Gas (Two-Way) Check Valve - Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626
          • Fuel-Filler Cap Inspection
          • Fuel Shut-Off/Rollover Valves (Miata)
          • Fuel Shut-Off Valve (Millenia)
          • Fuel Shut-Off/Rollover Valves (Protege & Protege5)
          • Fuel Shut-Off Valve (626)
          • One-Way Check Valve (Millenia)
          • Purge Solenoid Valve - Airflow Inspection
          • Purge Solenoid Valve - Circuit Inspection
          • Rollover Valve (Millenia)
          • Rollover Valve (626)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (MPV)
          • Notes
          • System Inspection
          • EVAP System Test
          • Air Filter
          • Catch Tank
          • Charcoal Canister
          • Fuel Shut-off/Rollover Valves
          • Leak Detection Pump
          • Purge Solenoid Valve
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
          • Valve Inspection (Except Millenia & MPV)
          • System Inspection (Millenia)
          • Valve Inspection (MPV)
        • Warm Up Three-Way Catalytic Converter
          • Inspection
      • Vacuum Pump
        • Vacuum Line Inspection (MILLENIA S)
        • Vacuum Pump Inspection (MILLENIA S)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Coil Resistance
          • Spool Valve Operation
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Stopper Pin
          • Extreme Spark Retard Position
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Clutch
          • A/C Clutch Relay
        • Cooling Fan
          • Single Speed Motor
          • 2-Speed Motor
          • Cooling Fan Relay
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Abnormal Engine Noise
        • A/C Does Not Turn Off During Wide Open Throttle
        • A/C Is Always On Or Compressor Runs Continuously
        • Constant Voltage
        • Cranks Normally But Will Not Start
        • Emissions Failure
        • Engine Runs Rough, Misses, Hesitates, Stumbles, Surges Or Stalls During Acceleration Or Cruise, Or Engine Bucks Or Jerks During Acceleration, Cruise Or Deceleration
        • Engine Stalls At Idle Or Just After Starting
        • Engine Vibration
        • Excessive Oil Consumption
        • Exhaust Smoke
        • Exhaust Sulphur (Rotten Egg) Smell
        • Fast Idle Or Run-On
        • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
        • Hard To Start (Long Cranking, Erratic Cranking Or Erratic Starting)
        • Knocking Or Pinging During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Lack Or Loss Of Power During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Low Idle Or Engine Stalls During Deceleration
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
        • Slow Return To Idle
        • Will Not Crank
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Engine Controls - Basic Diagnostic Procedures
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • Fuel System
        • Preliminary Checks
          • Notes
          • Engine Does Not Crank
          • Engine Cranks But Will Not Start
        • Fuel Pressure Release
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Pressure (Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Hold Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Maximum Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Pump Resistor & Relay (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (Millenia 2.5L, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Fuel Pump Relay Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
          • Injector Fuel Leakage Inspection
        • Fuel Pressure (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pressure Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
          • Fuel Pump Inspection
          • Injector Fuel Leakage Inspection
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Spark Check
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Miata)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Millenia 2.5L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (MPV)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (Protege & Protege5)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (626 2.0L)
          • Camshaft Position Sensor (626 2.5L)
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor Resistance (Except Miata)
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor Air Gap (Except MPV)
          • Ignition Coil Operation Inspection (Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (Millenia 2.5L)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (MPV)
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (626)
          • Ignition Control Module (Millenia)
        • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Notes
          • Spark Check
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Throttle Body
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Supercharger
        • LYSHOLM Compressor (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (626)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata, Millenia 2.3L, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (626 2.5L)
        • Camshaft Synchronizer (B3000)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Except B2300, Miata & Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Miata
          • Millenia
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
          • 626
      • Ignition System
        • Notes
        • Distributor (MILLENIA 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation
          • Overhaul
        • Ignition Control Module
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (626)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute)
          • Disconnect - Spring Lock Coupling
          • Connect
          • Disconnect - Push Connect Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling
          • Disconnect - Quick Release Coupling With "R" Clip
        • Plastic Fuel Line Coupler (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect Fuel Line Coupler
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA, MILLENIA, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Notes
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tabless Design (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Disconnect & Connect - Tab Design
        • Fuel System Priming
          • Notes
          • Miata, Millenia, Protege & Protege5
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • 626
        • Fuel Pump
          • Notes
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Removal (Millenia)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal (Tribute)
          • Removal (626)
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000, Miata, MPV & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia 2.5L, MPV & 626 2.5L)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MIATA
        • MILLENIA 2.3L
        • MILLENIA 2.5L & 626 2.5L
        • MPV
        • Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L
        • Tribute
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Pending Codes
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Freeze Frame Data
        • Parameter Identification
        • On-Board System Readiness Test Mode
        • Drive Modes
          • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
          • Drive Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory
          • Drive Mode 2 - EGR Monitor Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 3 - HO2S, HO2S Heater & TWC Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification
          • Drive Mode 5 - EVAP System Very Small Leak Repair Verification
        • Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Test Equipment
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • DTC P0031: Ho2S Heater (Front) Circuit Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0032: Ho2S Heater (Front) Circuit High
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0037: Ho2S Heater (Rear) Circuit Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0038: Rear Ho2S Heater Circuit High
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0101: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0102: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0103: Mass Airflow Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0106: BARO Circuit, Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0107: BARO Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0108: BARO Circuit, High Input
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0111: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, Performance Problem
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0112: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0113: Intake Air Temperature Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Conditions
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0117: Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0118: Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0121: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0122: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0123: Throttle Position Sensor Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0125: Insufficient Coolant Temperature For Closed Loop Fuel Control
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0126: Coolant Thermostat Stuck Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0128: Coolant Thermostat Stuck Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0131: Ho2S (Front) No Inversion, Low Voltage Stuck
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0132: Ho2S (Front) No Inversion, High Voltage Stuck
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0133: Ho2S (Front) Circuit, Slow Response
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0134: Ho2S (Front) Circuit, No Activity Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0138: Ho2S (Rear) Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0140: Ho2S (Rear) Circuit, No Activity Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0171: Fuel Trim, Too Lean
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0172: Fuel Trim, Too Rich
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0300: Random Misfire Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0301-P0304: Cylinders No. 1-4 Misfire Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0325: Knock Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0335: Crankshaft Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0340: Camshaft Position Sensor Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0401: EGR System, Insufficient Flow
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0402: EGR System, Excessive Flow
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0421: Catalyst System, Efficiency Below Threshold
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0442: EVAP Control System, Small Leak Detected
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0443: EVAP Control System Purge Control Valve, Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0451: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor, Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0452: EVAP Control System Pressure Sensor, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0453: EVAP Control System Pressure Sensor, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0455: EVAP Control System Leak Detected, Blockage Or Large Leak
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0456: EVAP Control System Leak Detected, Very Small Leak
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0461: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Range/Performance Problem
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0462: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0463: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0464: Fuel Gauge Sending Unit Circuit, Slosh Check
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0480: Cooling Fan Relay Circuit
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0500: Vehicle Speed Sensor Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0505: Idle Air Control Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0506: Idle Control System, Rpm Less Than Expected
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0507: Idle Control System, Rpm Greater Than Expected
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0550: Power Steering Pressure Switch Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0660: Variable Inertia Charging System Solenoid Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0703: Brake Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0704: Clutch Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P0705: Neutral Switch Input Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1250: Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid Valve Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1449: Canister Drain Cut Valve Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1450: EVAP Control System Malfunction, Excessive Vacuum
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1487: EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid Valve Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1496: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 1 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1497: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 2 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1498: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 3 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1499: EGR Valve Solenoid Coil No. 4 Open Or Short
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1512: Variable Tumble Control System Stuck Closed
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1562: Pcm +BB Voltage Low
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1569: Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve Circuit, Low Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1570: Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve Circuit, High Input
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1631: Generator Output Voltage Signal, No Electricity
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1632: Battery Voltage Circuit Malfunction
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1633: Battery Overcharge
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • DTC P1634: Generator Terminal "B" Circuit Open
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
        • Reference Voltage Test
          • Condition
          • Diagnosis & Repair Procedure
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Charging Pressure Control (MILLENIA 2.3L)
          • Lysholm Compressor
          • Air By-Pass Valve Actuator
          • Charge Air Cooler (Intercooler)
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) System Inspection
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) Actuator
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass (CACBYP) Solenoid Valve
          • Air By-Pass Valve Solenoid Valve (Vacuum)
          • Air By-Pass Valve Solenoid Valve (Vent)
        • Intake Manifold Communication Control (MPV)
          • System Check
        • Variable Inertia Charging System (Protege & Protege5)
          • Notes
          • System Check
          • VICS Solenoid Valve Check
          • VICS Shutter Valve Actuator Check
          • Vacuum Chamber Check Valve
        • Variable Resonance Induction System (MILLENIA & 626 2.5L)
          • System Check
          • Check Valve
          • VRIS Shutter Valve Actuators
          • VRIS Solenoid Valve
          • Vacuum Chamber
        • Variable Tumble Control System (MIATA 1.8L, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Variable Tumble Control System (VTCS) Check
          • One-Way Delay Valve Check
          • Shutter Valve Actuator Check
          • VTCS Solenoid Check
          • VTCS Vacuum Switch Check (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuit Checks
          • Power Circuit Checks
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • BRAKELIGHT Switch
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia 2.3L
          • Millenia 2.5L
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • 626 2.0L
          • 626 2.5L
        • Closed Throttle Position Switch
          • Millenia (2.3L)
        • Clutch Switch (M/T)
          • Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • EGR Boost Sensor
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Except Miata
          • Miata
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • 626 2.0L (Using Breakout Box)
          • 626 2.0L (Using New Generation Star Scan Tool)
          • 626 2.5L (Using Breakout Box)
          • 626 2.5L (Using New Generation Star Scan Tool)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia 2.5L & 626
          • Millenia 2.3L
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
        • Knock Sensor
          • Miata
          • Millenia & 626
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Notes
          • Millenia 2.3L
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Neutral Switch (M/T)
          • Protege, Protege5 & 626
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch
        • Throttle Position Sensor
        • Transmission Range Switch
          • Except 626 2.0L
          • 626 2.0L
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
          • Miata (M/T) & 626
          • Miata A/T, Millenia & MPV Without ABS
          • Protege & Protege5
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Miata
          • Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626
          • MPV
        • Fuel Pump Resistor & Relay (Speed)
          • Millenia 2.3L
        • Main Relay
        • Solenoids
          • Air By-Pass Valve (ABV) Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • By-Pass Air Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Charge Air Cooler By-Pass Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid
          • EGR Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Vacuum Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor Solenoid Valve (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Pressure Regulator Control (PRC) Solenoid Valve
          • Purge Control Solenoid
          • VICS Solenoid - Protege & Protege5
          • VRIS Solenoid - Millenia 2.5L & 626 2.5L
          • VTCS Solenoid - Miata 1.8L & 626 2.0L
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure Release
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Notes
          • Fuel Pump Circuit
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Resistance (Except Millenia)
          • Fuel Injector Resistance (Millenia)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626 2.0L)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (Millenia 2.3L & 2.5L & 626 2.5L)
          • Fuel Injector Volume (MPV)
          • Fuel Cut Control System (626)
      • Idle Control System
        • System Check (Except 626)
        • By-Pass Air Control Valve (MILLENIA 2.3L)
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Ignition System
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Evaporative System Leak Inspection Using Leak Tester
          • Notes
          • Evaporative Emission System Tester Self Test
          • Leak Inspection
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
          • System Check (Millenia)
          • EGR Boost Sensor (Except Miata)
          • EGR Boost Sensor (Miata)
          • EGR Boost Sensor Solenoid Valve
          • EGR Position Sensor (Millenia)
          • EGR Vacuum Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Valve (Miata, MPV, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • EGR Valve (Millenia)
          • EGR Vent Solenoid Valve (Millenia)
        • Fuel-Filler Cap Inspection
          • Notes
          • Leakage Inspection
        • Fuel Evaporative System (Except MPV)
          • Notes
          • System Inspection
          • System Leak Inspection - Using Vacuum Pump
          • Charcoal Canister (Except Millenia)
          • Charcoal Canister (Millenia)
          • Canister Drain Cut Valve (CDCV) - Airflow Inspection
          • Canister Drain Cut Valve (CDCV) - Circuit Inspection
          • Catch Tank (Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Evaporative Gas (Two-Way) Check Valve - Millenia, Protege, Protege5 & 626
          • Fuel-Filler Cap Inspection
          • Fuel Shut-Off/Rollover Valves (Miata)
          • Fuel Shut-Off Valve (Millenia)
          • Fuel Shut-Off/Rollover Valves (Protege & Protege5)
          • Fuel Shut-Off Valve (626)
          • One-Way Check Valve (Millenia)
          • Purge Solenoid Valve - Airflow Inspection
          • Purge Solenoid Valve - Circuit Inspection
          • Rollover Valve (Millenia)
          • Rollover Valve (626)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (MPV)
          • Notes
          • System Inspection
          • EVAP System Test
          • Air Filter
          • Catch Tank
          • Charcoal Canister
          • Fuel Shut-off/Rollover Valves
          • Leak Detection Pump
          • Purge Solenoid Valve
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
          • Valve Inspection (Except Millenia & MPV)
          • System Inspection (Millenia)
          • Valve Inspection (MPV)
        • Warm Up Three-Way Catalytic Converter
          • Inspection
      • Vacuum Pump
        • Vacuum Line Inspection (MILLENIA S)
        • Vacuum Pump Inspection (MILLENIA S)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Coil Resistance
          • Spool Valve Operation
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Stopper Pin
          • Extreme Spark Retard Position
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Clutch
          • A/C Clutch Relay
        • Cooling Fan
          • Single Speed Motor
          • 2-Speed Motor
          • Cooling Fan Relay
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - No Codes
      • Introduction
      • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Abnormal Engine Noise
        • A/C Does Not Turn Off During Wide Open Throttle
        • A/C Is Always On Or Compressor Runs Continuously
        • Constant Voltage
        • Cranks Normally But Will Not Start
        • Emissions Failure
        • Engine Runs Rough, Misses, Hesitates, Stumbles, Surges Or Stalls During Acceleration Or Cruise, Or Engine Bucks Or Jerks During Acceleration, Cruise Or Deceleration
        • Engine Stalls At Idle Or Just After Starting
        • Engine Vibration
        • Excessive Oil Consumption
        • Exhaust Smoke
        • Exhaust Sulphur (Rotten Egg) Smell
        • Fast Idle Or Run-On
        • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
        • Hard To Start (Long Cranking, Erratic Cranking Or Erratic Starting)
        • Knocking Or Pinging During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Lack Or Loss Of Power During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Low Idle Or Engine Stalls During Deceleration
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Rough Or Unstable Idle
        • Slow Return To Idle
        • Will Not Crank
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Theory and Operation
    • Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction System
        • Variable Inertia Charging System (Protege & Protege5 2.0L)
        • Variable Resonance Induction System (MILLENIA 2.5L & 626 2.5L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System (MIATA)
        • Intake Manifold Communication Control (MPV)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
        • Input Devices
          • Notes
          • A/C Amplifier
          • A/C Pressure Switch
          • A/C Switch
          • Brake Switch
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Closed Throttle Position Switch (Millenia 2.3L)
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch (M/T)
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor (B2300 & Tribute 2.0L)
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
          • EGR Boost Sensor
          • EGR Position Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Knock Sensor
          • Main Relay
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor (B2300 & Millenia 2.3L)
          • Neutral Switch
          • Power Steering Pressure Switch
          • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Transmission Fluid Temperature Sensor
          • Transmission Range Sensor
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Output Signals
          • Notes
          • A/C Cut-Out System
          • A/C Relay
          • By-Pass Air Control Valve
          • Canister Purge Solenoid
          • EGR Valve
          • Malfunction Indicator Light
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve
          • Idle Air Control Valve
          • Ignition Timing Advance Control
          • Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
        • Idle Speed
          • A/C Cut-Out System
          • By-Pass Air Control Valve
          • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Ignition Systems
        • DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System
          • Except Millenia 2.3L & Tribute 3.0L
          • Millenia 2.3L & Tribute 3.0L
        • Electronic Ignition System (MILLENIA 2.5L)
        • Ignition Timing Control Systems
          • Ignition Timing Advance Control
          • Detonation (Knock) Retard Operation
      • Emission Systems
        • Notes
        • Deceleration Control System
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
        • Fuel Evaporative System
          • Notes
          • Canister Purge Solenoid Valve
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve System
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch
        • Variable Valve Timing (MIATA)
        • Wide Open Throttle A/C Cut-Off
  • Vacuum Diagrams
    • Introduction
    • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
      • B2300, B3000 & B4000
      • Tribute
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • B2300
      • B3000
      • B4000
      • MIATA
      • MILLENIA
      • MPV
      • Protege & Protege5
      • Tribute
      • 626
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures - Import
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Body Controls
      • Engine Controls
    • ACURA
      • Powertrain Control Module Reset Procedure/Clearing Diagnostic Trouble Codes (All Models)
      • Known-Good Powertrain Control Module Substitution
      • System Readiness Test Codes
        • Notes
        • Catalytic Converter Codes
        • EVAP Leak Monitor Code
        • HO2S Monitor Code
        • HO2S Heater Monitor Code
    • AUDI
      • Readiness Code
      • Generating Readiness Code
      • Pcm Coding (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Coding Engine Control Module (A4, A6 & S4)
        • Coding Engine Control Module (TT)
    • BMW
      • All Models
      • Component Activation
      • Power Window Calibration
      • Sun Roof Calibration
        • 3-Series & 7-Series
    • HONDA
      • Powertrain Control Module Reset Procedure (All Models)
      • Known-Good Powertrain Control Module Substitution
        • Accord, Odyssey & S2000
        • Civic, CR-V & Insight
      • Immobilizer (Accord, Insight, Odyssey, Prelude & S2000)
      • System Readiness Test Codes
        • Notes
        • Air/Fuel (A/F) Ratio Sensor Monitor
        • Catalytic Converter
        • EGR Monitor
        • EVAP Leak Monitor
        • HO2S Monitor
        • HO2S Heater Monitor
    • HYUNDAI
    • INFINITI
      • ECM Programming
    • ISUZU
      • Notes
      • EEPROM Programming Procedure
    • Jaguar
      • Principles Of Operation
      • Module Configuration
      • Customer Driven Preferences
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming
        • S-Type
        • X-Type
      • Power Window Calibration (XK8)
      • Radio Security Code
      • Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter
      • Transmission Control Module DRIVEABILITY Computer Relearn Procedure
    • KIA
    • Land Rover
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer
      • Power Window Calibration
    • LEXUS
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer System
      • New Transponder Key Code
      • Additional Master Key
        • Notes
        • Using Ignition Switch
        • Using LEXUS Scan Tool
      • Registration Or Change Of Key Number
        • Notes
        • Registration Of Key Number (Using LEXUS Scan Tool)
        • Change Of Key Number (Using LEXUS Scan Tool)
      • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code
        • Notes
        • Using Ignition Switch
        • Using LEXUS Scan Tool
      • Sun Roof REINITIALIZATION
    • MAZDA
      • Notes
      • Programming Powertrain Control Module
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification Block Procedure
      • Key Replacement Or Addition
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
      • Steering Lock Replacement
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
      • Immobilizer Unit
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied Only One Or No Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Two Or More Valid Keys
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Notes
        • Customer Supplied 2 Or More Valid Keys
        • Customer Supplied Only One Valid Key
      • Immobilizer Unit & Powertrain Control Module
      • Reprogram Error Recovery
      • Inputting Code Word
    • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Notes
      • Synchronization Of Power Windows
      • Activating Steering Angle Sensor
      • Synchronization Of Sliding/Tilt-Up Roof
      • Easy Entry/Exit Function
      • Control Module Version Coding
        • Notes
        • Automatic Coding
        • Manual Coding
      • Enabling Code Function For Radio
        • Notes
        • Audio 5 & 10 Models Or Sound 10, 20 & 30 Models (CLK, E & SLK Class)
        • Becker 2000 (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Becker Mexico, Grand Prix, Europa & Avus Models (SL Class)
        • Radio With Navigation Control Module (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio With 4-Digit Fixed Code (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio & Radio With Navigation Control Module With 5-Digit Fixed Code (CL, S & SL Class)
        • Radio (ML Class)
      • Programming Supplemental Restraint System Control Module
    • MITSUBISHI
      • Engine Control Module
      • Encrypted Code Registration Method (Immobilizer)
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Key Id Register
        • Registration Of Additional Keys (With Scan Tool)
        • Registration Of Additional Keys (Without Using Scan Tool)
      • Radio Security Code
    • NISSAN
      • Notes
      • Immobilizer Programming
      • Sun Roof Initialization
    • PORSCHE
      • All Models
      • BOXSTER
        • Notes
        • Alarm/Drive Block Control Unit Programming
    • SAAB
      • Notes
      • Programming Immobilizer
    • SUBARU
    • SUZUKI
    • TOYOTA
      • Service Precautions (PRIUS)
      • Immobilizer Programming (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Ignition Key Registration
      • Additional Master Key Registration (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake Pedal & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Additional Sub-Key Registration (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code (Except PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Using Brake & Accelerator Pedal
        • Using Toyota Hand-Held Tester
      • Immobilizer Component Replacement Programming Procedures (PRIUS)
        • Notes
        • Programming When Replacing Transponder Key Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming When Replacing Hybrid Vehicle Control Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming When Replacing Transponder Key Electronic Control Unit & Hybrid Vehicle Control Electronic Control Unit
        • Programming If All Ignition Keys Are Lost
        • Ignition Key Registration
        • Additional Master Key Registration
        • Additional Sub-Key Registration
        • Erasure Of Transponder Key Code
      • Power Sliding Door REINITIALIZATION Procedure (Sienna)
      • Sun Roof Initialization (CAMRY & CELICA)
        • Camry
        • Celica
    • VOLKSWAGEN
      • Notes
      • Engine Control Module Programming (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (1.8L Turbo)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (1.9L Diesel)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (2.0L)
        • Engine Control Module Coding Options (2.8L)
      • Readiness Code
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Reading Readiness Code
        • Generating Readiness Code
    • VOLVO
      • All Models
        • Engine Control Module Programming
        • Radio Security Code
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Drive Cycles
      • Notes
      • 1996: 626, MX-6
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: B2300, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1997: 626 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MX-6 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1998: MILLENIA, MPV, Protege & 1999-2000: MILLENIA, MX-5 MIATA
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 1
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 2
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 3
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 4
      • 1997: 626 (2.0L A/T), MX-6 (2.0L A/T)
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 1997: B2300, B4000
        • Preparation
        • Drive Mode
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Fuel Monitor, Oxygen Sensor Monitor or Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 1998: 626, B2500, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Vehicle Preparation For OBD-II Or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Fuel Monitor Or HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Secondary Air Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999-2000: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Preparation For Drive Cycles
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EVAP System Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: Protege
        • OBDII Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 (PCM adaptive memory produce drive mode)
          • Mode 2 (EGR system repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 3 HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 4 (EVAP system repair verification drive mode)
      • 2000: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Description Of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2000: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2000: Protege
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2001-02: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Standard Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: B2300, B2500, B3000, B4000, Tribute
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedures
      • 2001: MILLENIA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2001: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: Protege
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-09: B2300, B3000, B4000 & 2002-06: Tribute
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 2002: MILLENIA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1: PCM Adaptive Memory Procedure
        • Mode 2: EGR System Repair Verification
        • Mode 3: HO2S & TWC Repair Verification
        • Mode 4: EVAP System Repair Verification
      • 2002-03: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 6 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: Protege, Protege5
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Drive Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory
        • Drive Mode 2 - EGR Monitor Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 3 - HO2S, HO2S Heater & TWC Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 5 - EVAP System Very Small Leak Repair Verification
      • 2003: MAZDA6
        • OBD-II Drive Modes
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
          • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-06: MAZDA3 & 2006: MAZDA5 & 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mazda3: Except for California emission regulation applicable model & Mazda5
          • Mazda3: California emission regulation applicable model
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-05: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T)): 2005 All Engines
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T))
      • 2004: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, TWC, & EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-06: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode) With rear HO2S model
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • H02S Heater, H02S, and EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode Without rear HO2S model
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
      • 2005: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-08: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, AIR System and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2006-08: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo California emission regulation applicable ATX model & V6
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo Except California emission regulation applicable ATX model & 4 Cylinder W/Turbo
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo & V6)
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (V6)
      • 2006-08: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S Heater, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-08: CX-7
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-10: CX-9
      • 2008-09: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2008-09: Tribute
        • Description of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2009: CX-7
        • Notes
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-11: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR system, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-11: Tribute
        • Description
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • 2011-13: CX-9
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2012-13: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2012-13: MAZDA2
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2013: CX-5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (Variable Valve Timing, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • Anti-Lock Brake DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission (FN4A-El) DTCS
    • Engine Performance DTCS
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • Restraints
    • Air Bag And Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • ACURA (1988-04)
      • DAEWOO (1999-02)
      • HONDA (1991-04)
      • HYUNDAI (1994-04)
      • INFINITI (1990-04)
      • ISUZU (1990-04)
      • KIA (1995-05)
      • LEXUS (1990-04)
      • MAZDA (1990-04)
      • MITSUBISHI (1990-04)
      • NISSAN (1989-04)
      • Scion (2004)
      • SUBARU (1992-04)
      • SUZUKI (1995-04)
      • TOYOTA (1990-04)
    • Air Bag Deactivation Procedures
      • AUDI
        • System Operation Check
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
      • BMW
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • HONDA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Civic & Civic Si)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Civic & Civic Si)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Activating Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
      • INFINITI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • ISUZU
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo Sport & Trooper)
          • Activating System (Axiom, Rodeo, Rodeo Sport & Trooper)
      • Jaguar
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • KIA
        • System Operation Check
          • All Models, Except Optima & Sedona
          • Optima & Sedona
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • Land Rover
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • LEXUS
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MAZDA
        • System Operation Check
          • B Series Pickup & Tribute
          • Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & 626
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (B Series Pickup)
          • Activating System (B Series Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Tribute)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Tribute)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege, Protege5 & 626)
      • MITSUBISHI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • NISSAN
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • PORSCHE
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SAAB
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUZUKI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • TOYOTA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • VOLKSWAGEN
        • System Operation Check
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Specifications Index
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • Manual A/C-Heater Systems - HVAC
      • Foreword
      • Basic System Location Index
      • Refrigerant System Service Warnings
        • Using/Handling Unapproved Refrigerant
        • Handling Refrigerant
        • Storing Refrigerant
      • Refrigerant System Service Cautions
        • Handling Compressor Oil
      • Refrigerant System General Procedures
        • Manifold Gauge Set Installation
      • Refrigerant System Performance Test
      • Refrigerant Pressure Check
      • Refrigerant Recovery
      • Refrigerant Charging
        • Notes
        • Charging Recycled R-134A Refrigerant
        • Charging New R-134A Refrigerant
      • Troubleshooting Index
      • No. 1: Insufficient Air (Or No Air) Blown From Vents
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 2: Amount Of Air Blown From Vents Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 3: Airflow Mode Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 4: No Temperature Control With Climate Control Unit
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 5: Windshield Fogged
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 6: Air From Vents Not Cold Enough
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 7: No Cool Air
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 8: Noise While Operating A/C System
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Blower Unit Removal/Installation
      • Blower Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Cooling Unit Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Cooling Unit Installation Note
      • Cooling Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Expansion Valve Assembly Note
        • Evaporator Assembly Note
        • Adhesive Sponge Rubber Assembly Note
        • Insulator Assembly Note
        • A/C Amplifier Assembly Note
        • Sensor Clamp Assembly Note
        • Polyethylene Foam Assembly Note
      • Evaporator Inspection
      • Heater Unit Removal/Installation
      • Heater Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Heater Core Inspection
      • Airflow Mode Main Link Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Airflow Mode Main Link Installation Note
      • Rear Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear Heat Duct Removal/Installation
      • A/C Compressor Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • A/C Compressor Installation Note
      • Condenser Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Condenser Installation Note
      • Condenser Inspection
      • Receiver/Drier Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Receiver/Drier Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Lines Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Lines Removal Note
          • Nut Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
        • Refrigerant Lines Installation Note
          • Notes
          • Nut Or Block Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
      • Control System Location Index
        • Notes
        • System Wiring Diagram
      • Air Intake Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Air Intake Actuator Inspection
      • Blower Motor Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Inspection
      • Condenser Fan Removal/Installation
      • Condenser Fan Inspection
      • Resistor Removal/Installation
      • Resistor Inspection
      • Magnetic Clutch Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Bolt Removal/Installation Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Removal Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Installation Note
        • Screw Installation Note
        • Clamp Installation Note
        • Snap Ring Installation Note
      • Magnetic Clutch Adjustment
      • Magnetic Clutch Inspection
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Climate Control Unit Removal
      • Climate Control Unit Installation
      • Climate Control Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Wire Disassembly Note
        • Wire Assembly Note
      • Climate Control Unit Wire Adjustment
        • Air Mix Wire
        • Airflow Mode Wire
      • Climate Control Unit Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
        • Fan Switch
      • A/C Amplifier Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Torque Specifications
      • HVAC Technical Data
      • HVAC SST
  • General Servicing
    • Cabin Air Filter (Special Applications) - General Information
      • Cabin Air Filter Applications
    • Manual A/C-Heater Systems - HVAC
      • Foreword
      • Basic System Location Index
      • Refrigerant System Service Warnings
        • Using/Handling Unapproved Refrigerant
        • Handling Refrigerant
        • Storing Refrigerant
      • Refrigerant System Service Cautions
        • Handling Compressor Oil
      • Refrigerant System General Procedures
        • Manifold Gauge Set Installation
      • Refrigerant System Performance Test
      • Refrigerant Pressure Check
      • Refrigerant Recovery
      • Refrigerant Charging
        • Notes
        • Charging Recycled R-134A Refrigerant
        • Charging New R-134A Refrigerant
      • Troubleshooting Index
      • No. 1: Insufficient Air (Or No Air) Blown From Vents
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 2: Amount Of Air Blown From Vents Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 3: Airflow Mode Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 4: No Temperature Control With Climate Control Unit
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 5: Windshield Fogged
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 6: Air From Vents Not Cold Enough
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 7: No Cool Air
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 8: Noise While Operating A/C System
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Blower Unit Removal/Installation
      • Blower Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Cooling Unit Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Cooling Unit Installation Note
      • Cooling Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Expansion Valve Assembly Note
        • Evaporator Assembly Note
        • Adhesive Sponge Rubber Assembly Note
        • Insulator Assembly Note
        • A/C Amplifier Assembly Note
        • Sensor Clamp Assembly Note
        • Polyethylene Foam Assembly Note
      • Evaporator Inspection
      • Heater Unit Removal/Installation
      • Heater Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Heater Core Inspection
      • Airflow Mode Main Link Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Airflow Mode Main Link Installation Note
      • Rear Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear Heat Duct Removal/Installation
      • A/C Compressor Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • A/C Compressor Installation Note
      • Condenser Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Condenser Installation Note
      • Condenser Inspection
      • Receiver/Drier Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Receiver/Drier Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Lines Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Lines Removal Note
          • Nut Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
        • Refrigerant Lines Installation Note
          • Notes
          • Nut Or Block Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
      • Control System Location Index
        • Notes
        • System Wiring Diagram
      • Air Intake Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Air Intake Actuator Inspection
      • Blower Motor Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Inspection
      • Condenser Fan Removal/Installation
      • Condenser Fan Inspection
      • Resistor Removal/Installation
      • Resistor Inspection
      • Magnetic Clutch Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Bolt Removal/Installation Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Removal Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Installation Note
        • Screw Installation Note
        • Clamp Installation Note
        • Snap Ring Installation Note
      • Magnetic Clutch Adjustment
      • Magnetic Clutch Inspection
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Climate Control Unit Removal
      • Climate Control Unit Installation
      • Climate Control Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Wire Disassembly Note
        • Wire Assembly Note
      • Climate Control Unit Wire Adjustment
        • Air Mix Wire
        • Airflow Mode Wire
      • Climate Control Unit Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
        • Fan Switch
      • A/C Amplifier Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Torque Specifications
      • HVAC Technical Data
      • HVAC SST
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Manual A/C-Heater Systems - HVAC
      • Foreword
      • Basic System Location Index
      • Refrigerant System Service Warnings
        • Using/Handling Unapproved Refrigerant
        • Handling Refrigerant
        • Storing Refrigerant
      • Refrigerant System Service Cautions
        • Handling Compressor Oil
      • Refrigerant System General Procedures
        • Manifold Gauge Set Installation
      • Refrigerant System Performance Test
      • Refrigerant Pressure Check
      • Refrigerant Recovery
      • Refrigerant Charging
        • Notes
        • Charging Recycled R-134A Refrigerant
        • Charging New R-134A Refrigerant
      • Troubleshooting Index
      • No. 1: Insufficient Air (Or No Air) Blown From Vents
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 2: Amount Of Air Blown From Vents Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 3: Airflow Mode Does Not Change
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 4: No Temperature Control With Climate Control Unit
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 5: Windshield Fogged
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 6: Air From Vents Not Cold Enough
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 7: No Cool Air
        • Notes
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • No. 8: Noise While Operating A/C System
        • Description/Possible Cause
        • Diagnostic Procedure
      • Blower Unit Removal/Installation
      • Blower Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Cooling Unit Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Cooling Unit Installation Note
      • Cooling Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Expansion Valve Assembly Note
        • Evaporator Assembly Note
        • Adhesive Sponge Rubber Assembly Note
        • Insulator Assembly Note
        • A/C Amplifier Assembly Note
        • Sensor Clamp Assembly Note
        • Polyethylene Foam Assembly Note
      • Evaporator Inspection
      • Heater Unit Removal/Installation
      • Heater Unit Disassembly/Assembly
      • Heater Core Inspection
      • Airflow Mode Main Link Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Airflow Mode Main Link Installation Note
      • Rear Duct Removal/Installation
      • Rear Heat Duct Removal/Installation
      • A/C Compressor Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • A/C Compressor Installation Note
      • Condenser Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Condenser Installation Note
      • Condenser Inspection
      • Receiver/Drier Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Receiver/Drier Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Lines Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Lines Removal Note
          • Nut Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
        • Refrigerant Lines Installation Note
          • Notes
          • Nut Or Block Joint Type
          • Spring-Lock Coupling Type
      • Control System Location Index
        • Notes
        • System Wiring Diagram
      • Air Intake Actuator Removal/Installation
      • Air Intake Actuator Inspection
      • Blower Motor Removal/Installation
      • Blower Motor Inspection
      • Condenser Fan Removal/Installation
      • Condenser Fan Inspection
      • Resistor Removal/Installation
      • Resistor Inspection
      • Magnetic Clutch Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Bolt Removal/Installation Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Removal Note
        • Stator And Thermal Protector Installation Note
        • Screw Installation Note
        • Clamp Installation Note
        • Snap Ring Installation Note
      • Magnetic Clutch Adjustment
      • Magnetic Clutch Inspection
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Installation Note
      • Refrigerant Pressure Switch Inspection
      • Climate Control Unit Removal
      • Climate Control Unit Installation
      • Climate Control Unit Disassembly/Assembly
        • Notes
        • Wire Disassembly Note
        • Wire Assembly Note
      • Climate Control Unit Wire Adjustment
        • Air Mix Wire
        • Airflow Mode Wire
      • Climate Control Unit Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
        • Fan Switch
      • A/C Amplifier Inspection
        • Notes
        • Terminal Voltage List (Reference)
      • Torque Specifications
      • HVAC Technical Data
      • HVAC SST
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag System
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • System Operation Check
      • Air Bag Safety Precautions
      • Adjustments
        • CLOCKSPRING Centering
      • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
        • Notes
        • Disabling System
        • Activating System
      • Disposal Procedures
        • Deployed Air Bag
        • On-Vehicle Deployment (Scrapped Vehicle)
          • Notes
          • Driver-side AIR Bag
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag
          • Side AIR Bag
          • Seat Belt Pretensioner
        • Off-Vehicle Deployment
          • Driver-side AIR Bag
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag
          • Side AIR Bag
          • Seat Belt Pretensioner
        • Inspecting Deployment Tool
      • Post-Collision Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • CLOCKSPRING
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • SAS Control Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Seat Belt PRETENSIONERS
          • Removal & Installation
        • Side Air Bag Modules
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Side Air Bag Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Retrieving & Clearing Present Malfunction DTCS
        • Retrieving Past Malfunction DTCS
        • Clearing Past Malfunction DTCS
        • Air Bag Warning Light Flashes
        • Symptom Trouble Shooting
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Warning Light Does Not Illuminate When Ignition Is Turned On
        • Test B: Warning Light Illuminates When Ignition Is Turned On & Remains Illuminated
        • DTC 1: SAS Control Module Connector Poor Connection
        • DTC 2: SAS Control Module Internal Malfunction
        • DTC 3: SAS Control Module Power Supply Circuit
        • DTC 6: Driver-Side Air Bag Module
        • DTC 7: Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
        • DTC 11: Left Seat Belt PRETENSIONER System
        • DTC 12: Right Seat Belt PRETENSIONER System
        • DTC 22: Left Side Air Bag Sensor Malfunction
        • DTC 25: Left Side Air Bag Sensor Communication Malfunction
        • DTC 26: Left Side Air Bag Module Malfunction
        • DTC 32: Right Side Air Bag Sensor Malfunction
        • DTC 35: Right Side Air Bag Sensor Communication Malfunction
        • DTC 37: Right Side Air Bag Module Malfunction
        • DTC 91: Warning Light Circuit
      • Wire Repair
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Rack & Pinion
      • Precaution (Steering)
        • Wheels And Tires Removal/Installation
        • Power Steering Components Removal/Installation
        • Connectors Disconnection/Connection
      • Engine Speed Sensing Power Steering Location Index
      • Air Bleeding
      • Power Steering Fluid Inspection
        • Fluid Level Inspection
        • Fluid Leakage Inspection
        • Fluid Pressure Inspection
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Tie-Rod End Ball Joint Removal Note
        • Engine Mount Member Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Removal Note
        • Steering Gear And Linkage Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Installation Note
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Disassembly
        • Notes
        • Tie Rod Disassembly Note
        • Locknut (Adjusting Cover) Disassembly Note
        • Pinion Shaft And Housing Component Disassembly Note
        • Pinion Shaft Component Disassembly Note
        • Snap Ring Disassembly Note
        • Upper Bearing Disassembly Note
        • Holder Disassembly Note
        • Inner Guide Disassembly Note
        • Mounting Rubber Disassembly Note
        • Tie-Rod End Boot Disassembly Note
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Inspection
        • Rack Inspection
        • Tie-Rod End Inspection
        • Tie Rod Inspection
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Assembly
        • Notes
        • Tie-Rod End Boot Assembly Note
        • Mounting Rubber Assembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note 1
        • Holder Assembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note 2
        • Upper Bearing Assembly Note
        • Seal Ring Assembly Note
        • Adjusting Cover Assembly Note
        • Hermetic Sealing Inspection
      • Power Steering Oil Pump Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Power Steering Oil Pump Component Disassembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note
        • Vane Assembly Note
        • Cam Ring Assembly Note
        • Rear Pump Body Assembly Note
      • Power Steering Oil Pump Disassembly/Assembly
      • Steering Technical Data
      • Steering SST
  • Power Steering
    • Power Rack & Pinion
      • Precaution (Steering)
        • Wheels And Tires Removal/Installation
        • Power Steering Components Removal/Installation
        • Connectors Disconnection/Connection
      • Engine Speed Sensing Power Steering Location Index
      • Air Bleeding
      • Power Steering Fluid Inspection
        • Fluid Level Inspection
        • Fluid Leakage Inspection
        • Fluid Pressure Inspection
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Tie-Rod End Ball Joint Removal Note
        • Engine Mount Member Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Removal Note
        • Steering Gear And Linkage Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Installation Note
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Disassembly
        • Notes
        • Tie Rod Disassembly Note
        • Locknut (Adjusting Cover) Disassembly Note
        • Pinion Shaft And Housing Component Disassembly Note
        • Pinion Shaft Component Disassembly Note
        • Snap Ring Disassembly Note
        • Upper Bearing Disassembly Note
        • Holder Disassembly Note
        • Inner Guide Disassembly Note
        • Mounting Rubber Disassembly Note
        • Tie-Rod End Boot Disassembly Note
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Inspection
        • Rack Inspection
        • Tie-Rod End Inspection
        • Tie Rod Inspection
      • Steering Gear And Linkage Assembly
        • Notes
        • Tie-Rod End Boot Assembly Note
        • Mounting Rubber Assembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note 1
        • Holder Assembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note 2
        • Upper Bearing Assembly Note
        • Seal Ring Assembly Note
        • Adjusting Cover Assembly Note
        • Hermetic Sealing Inspection
      • Power Steering Oil Pump Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Power Steering Oil Pump Component Disassembly Note
        • Oil Seal Assembly Note
        • Vane Assembly Note
        • Cam Ring Assembly Note
        • Rear Pump Body Assembly Note
      • Power Steering Oil Pump Disassembly/Assembly
      • Steering Technical Data
      • Steering SST
  • Steering Column
    • Steering Wheel And Column Inspection
      • Steering Wheel Play Inspection
      • Steering Wheel Looseness Inspection
    • Steering Wheel And Column Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Steering Wheel Removal Note
      • Steering Lock Mounting Bolts And Bracket Removal Note
      • Cylinder Outer Component Removal Note
      • Steering Lock Mounting Bolts And Bracket Installation Note
      • Steering Shaft Installation Note
      • Steering Wheel Installation Note
    • Steering Shaft Inspection
    • Steering Lock (ATX Model) Inspection
    • Steering SST
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension Location Index
    • Front Shock Absorber & Coil Spring
      • Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Piston Rod Nut Removal Note
        • Coil Spring Installation Note
        • Front Shock Absorber & Spring Installation Note
      • Front Shock Absorber Inspection
      • Front Shock Absorber Disposal
    • Front Lower Arm
      • Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Dust Boot Removal Note
        • Lower Arm Bushing (Front) Removal Note
        • Lower Arm Bushing (Rear) Removal Note
        • Lower Arm Bushing (Rear) Installation Note
        • Lower Arm Bushing (Front) Installation Note
        • Dust Boot Installation Note
      • Front Lower Arm Inspection
    • Front Stabilizer
      • Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Stabilizer Bracket Installation Note
      • Stabilizer Control Link (Front) Inspection
    • Front CROSSMEMBER
      • Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Crossmember Component Removal Note
    • Transverse Member
      • Removal/Installation
    • Front Strut Bar
      • Removal/Installation
    • Steering Gear & Linkage
      • Removal/Installation
        • Notes
        • Tie-rod End Ball Joint Removal Note
        • Engine Mount Member Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Removal Note
        • Steering Gear & Linkage Removal Note
        • Bolt (Intermediate Shaft) Installation Note
    • Torque Specifications
  • Rear Suspension
    • General Procedures
      • Suspension Precaution
        • Wheels and Tires Removal/installation
        • Suspension Links Removal/installation
    • Rear Suspension
      • Rear Suspension Location Index
      • Rear Shock Absorber And Spring
        • Rear Shock Absorber & Spring Removal/Installation
          • Notes
          • Piston Rod Nut Removal Note
          • Coil Spring Installation Note
        • Rear Seat Belt Removal/Installation
          • Notes
          • 4-Door Sedan
        • Trunk Side Trim Removal/Installation
          • 5-Door Hatchback
      • Rear Shock Absorber
        • Rear Shock Absorber Inspection
        • Rear Shock Absorber Disposal
      • Rear Stabilizer
        • Rear Stabilizer Removal/Installation
          • Notes
          • Stabilizer Bushing and Bracket Installation Note
      • Stabilizer Control Link (Rear)
        • Stabilizer Control Link (Rear) Inspection
      • Rear Lateral Links
        • Lateral Link And Trailing Link Removal/Installation
          • Notes
          • Nut, Cam Plate & Adjusting Cam Bolt Removal Note
          • Front Lateral Link Removal Note
          • Nut, Cam Plate, & Adjusting Cam Bolt Installation Note
      • Rear CROSSMEMBER
        • Rear Crossmember Removal/Installation
    • Torque Specifications
    • Technical Data
    • Special Tools
  • Specifications & Procedures - Wheel Alignment
    • Precaution (Suspension)
      • Wheels & Tires Removal/Installation
    • Wheels & Tires
      • Wheel Balance Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Adhesive-Type Balance Weight (Outer)
        • Knock-Type Balance Weight (Inner)
        • Remaining Amount Of Unbalance Confirmation
    • Wheel Alignment Pre-Inspection
    • Adjustment
      • Maximum Steering Angle Adjustment
      • Front Camber & Caster Adjustment
      • Total Toe-In Adjustment
    • Rear Wheel Alignment
      • Total Toe-In Adjustment
    • Wheel Alignment Specifications
    • Suspension Technical Data
• Transmission
  • Manual Transaxle Clutch
    • Clutch Component Location Index
    • General Procedures
      • Clutch Pipe Removal/Installation Note
    • Clutch Fluid Inspection
    • Clutch Fluid Replacement/Air Bleeding
    • Clutch Pedal Inspection
      • Clutch Pedal Height Inspection
      • Clutch Pedal Free Play Inspection
    • Clutch Pedal Adjustment
      • Clutch Pedal Height Adjustment
      • Clutch Pedal Free Play Adjustment
      • Clutch Pedal Disengagement Stroke
    • Clutch Pedal Removal/Installation
    • Clutch Master Cylinder Removal/Installation
    • Clutch Master Cylinder Disassembly/Assembly
      • Notes
      • Snap Ring Disassembly Note
      • One-way Valve Piston Disassembly Note
      • Snap Ring Assembly Note
    • Clutch Release Cylinder Removal/Installation
    • Clutch Release Cylinder Disassembly/Assembly
    • Clutch Unit Removal/Installation
      • Notes
      • Clutch Cover Removal Note
      • Pilot Bearing Removal Note
      • Flywheel Removal Note
      • Flywheel Installation Note
      • Pilot Bearing Installation Note
      • Clutch Disc Installation Note
      • Clutch Cover Installation Note
    • Clutch Cover Inspection
    • Clutch Disc Inspection
    • Clutch Release Collar Inspection
    • Pilot Bearing Inspection
    • Flywheel Inspection
  • Manual Trans
    • Manual Transaxle - Service, Removal, Installation & Overhaul [G15M-R & G25M-R]
      • Application
      • Lubrication
        • Recommended Fluid
        • Fluid Capacities
      • On-Vehicle Service
        • Adjustments
        • Axle Shafts
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Removal & Installation
      • Transaxle Disassembly
      • Component Disassembly & Reassembly
        • Transaxle Case
          • Disassembly
          • Reassembly
        • Primary Shaft
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Inspection
          • Reassembly
        • Secondary Shaft
          • Disassembly
          • Inspection
          • Reassembly
        • Differential
          • Pre-Disassembly Backlash Inspection
          • Disassembly
          • Reassembly
      • Adjustments
        • Bearing Preload (F25M-R)
          • Primary Shaft
          • Secondary Shaft
          • Differential Assembly
        • Bearing Preload (G15M-R/G25M-R)
      • Transaxle Reassembly
      • Torque Specifications
        • F25M-R
        • G15M-R/G25M-R
    • Servicing - M/T
      • Application
      • Identification
      • Lubrication
        • Service Intervals
        • Checking Fluid Level
        • Recommended Fluid
        • Fluid Capacities
        • Draining & Refilling
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gearshift Linkage
      • Torque Specifications
• External Pages