Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Specifications Index
  • DTC Index
    • Air Bag DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brake DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
    • Communication Device DTCS
    • Engine Performance DTCS
    • Exterior Light DTCS
    • HVAC DTCS
    • Instrument Panel DTCS
    • Security & Lock DTCS
    • Wiper/Washer DTCS
    • Window, Power DTCS
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Splices
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Tire Fitment
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Clutch Solenoid Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102a)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102b)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102c)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C121)
        • Speed Control Servo Connector End View (C122)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • ABS Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Anti-Theft Hood Switch Connector End View (C127)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch Connector End View (C130)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Windshield Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C137)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C143)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Front Connector End View (C150)
        • Fog Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C152)
        • ABS Control Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Front Connector End View (C160)
        • Fog Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Connector End View (C167)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 Connector End View (C172)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (3 Of 3)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Connector End View (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197a)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197b)
        • Transmission Hardware Unit Connector End View (C199)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201a)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C210)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C213)
        • Driver Air Bag Unit Connector End View (C216)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218a)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220a)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220c)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240b)
        • Rear Window Defrost Switch Connector End View (C241)
        • Fog Lamp Switch Connector End View (C242)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Connector End View (C251)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256)
        • Inline Connector End View (C260)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Deactivator Switch Connector End View (C277)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Switch Connector End View (C284)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290b)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290c)
        • Front Blower Motor Resistor Assembly Connector End View (C293)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294b)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294c)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Right Connector End View (C304)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Left Connector End View (C305)
        • Parking Brake Switch Connector End View (C306)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C315)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C320)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C321)
        • Safety Belt Switch Connector End View (C323)
        • Heated Seat Module, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C329)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C334)
        • Seat Back Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C335)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Right Connector End View (C337)
        • Power Seat Switch, Left Connector End View (C352)
        • Inline Connector End View (C353)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Driver Seat Connector End View (C354)
        • Heated Seat Module, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C359)
        • Driver Seat Horizontal Motor Connector End View (C362)
        • Driver Seat Rear Height Motor Connector End View (C363)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C364)
        • Seat Back Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C365)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Left Connector End View (C367)
        • EVAP Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Differential Lock Solenoid Connector End View (C378)
        • Driver Seat Front Height Motor Connector End View (C382)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Passenger Seat Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402a)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C406)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C411)
        • Turn Lamp, Left Rear Connector End View (C413)
        • Turn Lamp, Right Rear Connector End View (C416)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Right Rear Connector End View (C418)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Left Rear Connector End View (C419)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C423)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Rear Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Transducer Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Rear Connector End View (C440)
        • Reversing Lamp, Left Connector End View (C451)
        • License Plate Lamp, Left Connector End View (C454)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Reversing Lamp, Right Connector End View (C461)
        • License Plate Lamp, Right Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • Power Point, Rear Connector End View (C474)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Master Window/Door Lock/Unlock Switch Connector End View (C508)
        • Tweeter, Left Front Connector End View (C513)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Driver Side Connector End View (C520)
        • Speaker, Left Front Connector End View (C523)
        • Power Window Motor, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C524)
        • Door Lock Unit, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Passenger Side Connector End View (C601)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C604)
        • Door Lock Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C605)
        • Power Window Motor, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C608)
        • Door Lock Unit, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C609)
        • Speaker, Right Front Connector End View (C612)
        • Tweeter, Right Front Connector End View (C613)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Left Rear Connector End View (C701)
        • Speaker, Left Rear Connector End View (C702)
        • Power Window Motor, Left Rear Connector End View (C703)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Left Rear Connector End View (C704)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Right Rear Connector End View (C801)
        • Speaker, Right Rear Connector End View (C802)
        • Power Window Motor, Right Rear Connector End View (C803)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Right Rear Connector End View (C804)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Right Connector End View (C906)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Left Connector End View (C907)
        • Electrochromatic Inside Mirror Unit Connector End View (C911)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Interior Lamp, Front Connector End View (C918)
        • Inline Connector End View (C919)
        • Roof Opening Panel Motor Assembly Connector End View (C920)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926a)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926b)
        • Interior/Map Lamps Assembly, Front Connector End View (C931)
        • Roof Opening Panel Position Switch Connector End View (C933)
        • Fog Lamp Relay Connector End View (C1007)
        • A/C Clutch Relay Connector End View (C1008)
        • PCM Power Relay Connector End View (C1016)
        • Starter Relay Connector End View (C1017)
        • Headlamp, Left Connector End View (C1021)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035b)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035c)
        • Headlamp, Right Connector End View (C1041)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C1043)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (C1051)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1055)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 1 Connector End View (C1056)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 2 Connector End View (C1057)
        • Low Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1058)
        • Dual Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1062)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Connector End View (C1064)
        • Ignition Coil Connector End View (C1065)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor Connector End View (C1068)
        • Low Coolant Level Switch Connector End View (C1069)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Valve Connector End View (C1083)
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Diode Connector End View (C1086)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Connector End View (C1088)
        • Rear Window Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1097)
        • Starter Relay Diode Connector End View (C1098)
        • Rear Window Defrost Relay Connector End View (C1099)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100a)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100b)
        • Horn, Left Connector End View (C1101)
        • Horn, Right Connector End View (C1102)
        • Headlamp Relay Connector End View (C1103)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1121)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Right Connector End View (C1122)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Left Connector End View (C1123)
        • Cylinder-Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C1181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C1182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C1183)
        • Vapor Management Valve Connector End View (C1195)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1197)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C2010)
        • Blower Motor Relay Connector End View (C2017)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027a)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027b)
        • Cigar Lighter, Front Connector End View (C2031)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Parking Aid Disable Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041a)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041b)
        • Accessory Relay Connector End View (C2050)
        • Park Lamp Relay Connector End View (C2059)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Front Blower Motor Connector End View (C2066)
        • Brake Shift Interlock Diode Connector End View (C2069)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Relay Connector End View (C2073)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module Connector End View (C2074)
        • Accessory Delay Relay Connector End View (C2075)
        • Ignition Relay Connector End View (C2076)
        • Horn Relay Connector End View (C2077)
        • Light Switch Connector End View (C2080)
        • Wiper/Washer Switch Connector End View (C2081)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Left Connector End View (C4009)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Left Connector End View (C4010)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Right Connector End View (C4011)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Right Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module (PAM) Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Relay Connector End View (C4042)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Control System (Communication Network)
      • Communications Network
      • Module Controlled Functions
      • Customer Preference Items
      • Programmable Module Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - NGS
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original GEM and Restoring Data to New GEM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to GEM
        • GEM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - WDS
      • Anti-Theft - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver
        • Removal and Installation
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - NGS
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - WDS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - NGS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - WDS
      • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
        • To Reprogram Additional Keys With NGS Tester (version 9.0 card)
        • To Program Additional Key With WDS Tester (if only one programmed key is available)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using WDS)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using NGS Tester ver 9.0)
      • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
        • To Program Keys Without WDS or NGS Tester
        • To Erase Additional Keys Using Only Two Programmed Keys
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
    • Security System And Locks System
      • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Keyless Entry
      • Hood Latch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Door Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Window Latch
        • Removal and Installation
        • Installation
      • Door Latch - Fuel Filler
        • Removal and Installation
      • Door Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fuel Filler Door Release Handle And Cable
        • Removal and Installation
      • Exterior Front Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Exterior Rear Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch Actuator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hood Latch Release Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Remote Transmitter Programming
    • Troubleshooting (Security System And Locks System)
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Power Door Locks
          • Keyless Entry
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Door Locks/Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From One Switch
        • Pinpoint Test 3: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From A Single Key Cylinder Switch
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative - Passenger Doors
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative - Driver Door
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Pinpoint Test 8: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Panic Feature Does Not Operate Correctly - Unlock And Lock Operate Correctly
      • Anti-Theft - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Anit-Scan Feature
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • PCM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Anti Theft System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Antenna Not Connected
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Pats Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Pats Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Pats Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Pats Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Keys Is Below Minimum
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Vehicle Does Not Start - The Anti-Theft Led Proves Out Normally
  • Communication Devices
    • Control System (Communication Network)
      • Communications Network
      • Module Controlled Functions
      • Customer Preference Items
      • Programmable Module Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - NGS
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original GEM and Restoring Data to New GEM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to GEM
        • GEM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - WDS
      • Anti-Theft - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver
        • Removal and Installation
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - NGS
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - WDS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - NGS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - WDS
      • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
        • To Reprogram Additional Keys With NGS Tester (version 9.0 card)
        • To Program Additional Key With WDS Tester (if only one programmed key is available)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using WDS)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using NGS Tester ver 9.0)
      • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
        • To Program Keys Without WDS or NGS Tester
        • To Erase Additional Keys Using Only Two Programmed Keys
    • Troubleshooting (Body Systems)
      • Body System
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Leaks
          • Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Body
    • Troubleshooting (Communication Control System)
      • Communications Network
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Module Configuration
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Programmable Module Installation (PMI)
          • Vehicle Identification (VID) Block
          • As-Built Data Center
          • Customer Preference Items
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Module Configuration Index
          • Notes
          • Module Configuration Index
          • Diagnostic Tool Message Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Module
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Unable To Configure The New Module
      • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Module
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Communication With The Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Speed Control Actuator
      • Removal and Installation
    • Speed Control Switch
      • Removal and Installation
    • Speed Control Cable
      • Removal and Installation
        • Notes
        • Vehicles equipped with 2.0L Zetec engine
        • Vehicles equipped with 3.0L (4V) engine
    • Speed Control DEACTIVATOR Switch
      • Removal
      • Installation
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Entertainment System
      • Audio System
        • Notes
        • Radio Frequency Interference Suppression Equipment
      • Audio Unit
        • Removal and Installation
        • Modular Audio - Upper Module Removal and Installation
          • Notes
          • Upper Module Removal Note
          • Cover Removal Note
          • Screw Installation Note
        • Modular Audio - Lower Module Removal and Installation
          • Notes
          • Cover Removal Note
          • Screw Installation Note
      • Speakers
      • Antenna
      • Antenna Base
        • Removal and Installation
      • Antenna Upper Cable
        • Removal and Installation
      • Ground Strap
        • Removal and Installation
    • Service Tools (Body & Accessories)
      • Special Tools
    • Troubleshooting (Entertainment)
      • Starting Procedure For Diagnostic On-Board Diagnostic Test Mode
      • Supplier Identification Procedure
        • Notes
        • Identification With Printed Numbers/Label Base Unit
        • Upper/lower Module
        • Identification With On-board Diagnostic Test Mode
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Clearing Procedure
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Table
      • DTC 09:Er22 Base Unit (Peripheral Circuit)
        • Base Unit (Peripheral Circuit)
      • DTC 09:Er20 Power Supply Circuit Of Base Unit
        • Power Supply Circuit Of Base Unit
      • DTC 00:Er10 Cassette Deck-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 03:Er10 Cd Player-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 05:Er10 Cd Changer-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 06:Er10 Cd Changer-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 07:Er10 MD Player-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 03:Er01 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 03:Er02 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 03:Er07 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 00:Er01 Cassette Deck (Lower Module)
      • DTC 00:Er03 Cassette Deck (Lower Module)
      • DTC 00:Er04 Cassette Tape
      • DTC 05:Er01 Cd Changer (External Type)
      • DTC 05:Er07 Cd Changer (External Type)
      • DTC 06:Er01 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 06:Er02 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 06:Er07 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er01 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er02 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er07 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • Diagnostic Assist Function
        • Structural View Switch Location
        • LCD Inspection
        • Button Inspection
        • Speaker Inspection
        • Radio Reception Condition Inspection
  • Exterior Lights
    • Lighting Systems
      • Exterior Lighting
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Photometric Aiming
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Screen Method Aiming
      • Headlamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module
        • Removal and Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • License Plate Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Fog Lamp Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Cargo Lamp
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cargo Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Switches
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hazard Flasher Switch
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Lighting Systems)
      • Headlamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Gem Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Low Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The High Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 4: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Headlamps Are On Continuously
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Stop Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
      • Turn Signal, Cornering And Hazard Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal, Cornering, And Hazard Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Never On
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 6: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Always On
      • Parking, Rear And License Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior, Parking, Rear, And License Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Exterior Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Fog Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Backup Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Backup Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Backup Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Backup Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Backup Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Both Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - RH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - LH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Parking Lamps
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Parking Brake Set
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative - Low Beam Headlamps On At Full Intensity With Key On
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Interior Lighting
          • Battery Saver
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Interior Lamps Stay On Continuously - Do Not Fade Out
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Interior Lamps Do Not Turn On With One Door Open
          • Notes
          • Table 1
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Illuminated Entry Is Inoperative When Using The Remote Transmitter
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Demand Lighting Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Battery Voltage Out Of Range
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Safety Belt Warning Chime
          • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Key In Ignition Warning
          • Air Bag Warning Chime
          • Trip/Odometer Reset Tone
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster and Dimmable Backlighting
        • Non-Dimmable Backlighting
      • Instrument Cluster Module (ICM) Programming - NGS Tester
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original ICM and Restoring Data to New ICM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to ICM
        • ICM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic) Replacement Procedure - WDS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Gauge Indication Systems
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Speedometer
          • Odometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Gauge
          • Temperature Gauge
          • Low Oil Pressure Warning Indicator
          • Low Coolant Level Warning Indicator - 3.0L (4V) Engine
          • Charging System Indicator
          • Air Bag Warning Indicator
          • Service Engine Soon Indicator
          • High Beam Indicator
          • Turn Indicator
          • Brake Warning Indicator
          • Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator (ABS) (if equipped)
          • Safety Belt Warning Indicator
          • Theft Indicator
          • 4WD Indicator Lamp (if equipped)
          • Speed Control Indicator (if equipped)
          • Door Ajar Indicator
          • Low Fuel Warning Indicator
          • O/D OFF Indicator
          • PRND21 Indicator (automatic transaxle only)
          • Check Fuel Cap
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cluster Lens
        • Removal and Installation
      • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Selector Lever Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Horn
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Instrumentation/Driver Information)
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Self-Diagnostic Mode
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Self-Diagnostic Mode 2
          • Instrument Cluster Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Communication With The Instrument Cluster
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speedometer/Odometer Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 10: The Theft Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 11: The Charge System Warning Indicator Is Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 12: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 13: The Anti-Lock Brake Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 14: The Air Bag Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 15: The LH Turn Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 16: The RH Turn Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 17: The High Beam Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 18: The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil) Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 19: The Low Coolant Warning Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - 3.0L DURATEC (4V) Engine
        • Pinpoint Test 20: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Is Inoperative (Chime Is Operative)
        • Pinpoint Test 21: The Door Ajar Indicator Is Inoperative (Chime Is Operative)
        • Pinpoint Test 22: The O/D Off Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 23: The Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 24: The Transaxle Range Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 25: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - If Equipped
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Climate Control Panel Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Audio System Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Instrument Panel Illumination Does Not Dim
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Rear Defrost Switch Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The 4 Wheel Drive Switch Illumination Is Inoperative (If Equipped)
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Hazard Switch Illumination Source Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Front Fog Lamp Switch Illumination Is Inoperative (If Equipped)
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Horn
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Horn Does Not Sound
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Horn Sounds Continuously
  • Headlights
    • Lighting Systems
      • Exterior Lighting
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Photometric Aiming
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Screen Method Aiming
      • Headlamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module
        • Removal and Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • License Plate Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Fog Lamp Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Cargo Lamp
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cargo Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Switches
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hazard Flasher Switch
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Lighting Systems)
      • Headlamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Gem Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Low Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The High Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 4: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Headlamps Are On Continuously
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Stop Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
      • Turn Signal, Cornering And Hazard Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal, Cornering, And Hazard Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Never On
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 6: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Always On
      • Parking, Rear And License Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior, Parking, Rear, And License Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Exterior Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Fog Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Backup Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Backup Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Backup Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Backup Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Backup Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Both Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - RH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - LH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Parking Lamps
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Parking Brake Set
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative - Low Beam Headlamps On At Full Intensity With Key On
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Interior Lighting
          • Battery Saver
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Interior Lamps Stay On Continuously - Do Not Fade Out
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Interior Lamps Do Not Turn On With One Door Open
          • Notes
          • Table 1
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Illuminated Entry Is Inoperative When Using The Remote Transmitter
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Demand Lighting Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Battery Voltage Out Of Range
  • Heated Glass/Defoggers
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
      • Front Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal
      • Front Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Rear Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Window Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Defrost Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear View Mirrors
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
  • Horns
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Safety Belt Warning Chime
          • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Key In Ignition Warning
          • Air Bag Warning Chime
          • Trip/Odometer Reset Tone
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster and Dimmable Backlighting
        • Non-Dimmable Backlighting
      • Instrument Cluster Module (ICM) Programming - NGS Tester
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original ICM and Restoring Data to New ICM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to ICM
        • ICM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic) Replacement Procedure - WDS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Gauge Indication Systems
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Speedometer
          • Odometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Gauge
          • Temperature Gauge
          • Low Oil Pressure Warning Indicator
          • Low Coolant Level Warning Indicator - 3.0L (4V) Engine
          • Charging System Indicator
          • Air Bag Warning Indicator
          • Service Engine Soon Indicator
          • High Beam Indicator
          • Turn Indicator
          • Brake Warning Indicator
          • Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator (ABS) (if equipped)
          • Safety Belt Warning Indicator
          • Theft Indicator
          • 4WD Indicator Lamp (if equipped)
          • Speed Control Indicator (if equipped)
          • Door Ajar Indicator
          • Low Fuel Warning Indicator
          • O/D OFF Indicator
          • PRND21 Indicator (automatic transaxle only)
          • Check Fuel Cap
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cluster Lens
        • Removal and Installation
      • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Selector Lever Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Horn
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
  • Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Power Systems)
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Ignition Switch
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: No Power In Acc
        • Pinpoint Test 3: No Power In On
        • Pinpoint Test 4: No Power In Start
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative - Key Cannot Be Removed From Ignition Switch (Automatic Transaxle Only)
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative - Key Can Be Removed From Ignition Switch With Transaxle In Gear (Automatic Transaxle Only)
  • Infotainment
    • Entertainment System
      • Audio System
        • Notes
        • Radio Frequency Interference Suppression Equipment
      • Audio Unit
        • Removal and Installation
        • Modular Audio - Upper Module Removal and Installation
          • Notes
          • Upper Module Removal Note
          • Cover Removal Note
          • Screw Installation Note
        • Modular Audio - Lower Module Removal and Installation
          • Notes
          • Cover Removal Note
          • Screw Installation Note
      • Speakers
      • Antenna
      • Antenna Base
        • Removal and Installation
      • Antenna Upper Cable
        • Removal and Installation
      • Ground Strap
        • Removal and Installation
    • Service Tools (Body & Accessories)
      • Special Tools
    • Troubleshooting (Entertainment)
      • Starting Procedure For Diagnostic On-Board Diagnostic Test Mode
      • Supplier Identification Procedure
        • Notes
        • Identification With Printed Numbers/Label Base Unit
        • Upper/lower Module
        • Identification With On-board Diagnostic Test Mode
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Clearing Procedure
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes Table
      • DTC 09:Er22 Base Unit (Peripheral Circuit)
        • Base Unit (Peripheral Circuit)
      • DTC 09:Er20 Power Supply Circuit Of Base Unit
        • Power Supply Circuit Of Base Unit
      • DTC 00:Er10 Cassette Deck-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 03:Er10 Cd Player-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 05:Er10 Cd Changer-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 06:Er10 Cd Changer-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 07:Er10 MD Player-Base Unit Communication Line
      • DTC 03:Er01 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 03:Er02 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 03:Er07 Cd Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 00:Er01 Cassette Deck (Lower Module)
      • DTC 00:Er03 Cassette Deck (Lower Module)
      • DTC 00:Er04 Cassette Tape
      • DTC 05:Er01 Cd Changer (External Type)
      • DTC 05:Er07 Cd Changer (External Type)
      • DTC 06:Er01 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 06:Er02 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 06:Er07 Cd Changer (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er01 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er02 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • DTC 07:Er07 MD Player (Upper Module)
      • Diagnostic Assist Function
        • Structural View Switch Location
        • LCD Inspection
        • Button Inspection
        • Speaker Inspection
        • Radio Reception Condition Inspection
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior Trim
      • Exterior Trim
      • Door Moulding - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender Moulding
        • Removal and Installation
      • Door Moulding - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Radiator Grille
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rocker Panel Moulding
        • Removal and Installation
    • Interior Trim
      • Interior Trim
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • B-Pillar Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • C-Pillar Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headliner
        • Removal and Installation
      • Console - Overhead
      • Console - Floor
      • Floor Console - Low Series
        • Removal and Installation
      • Floor Console - High Series
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Panel
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Finish Panel
        • Removal and Installation
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Lighting Systems
      • Exterior Lighting
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Photometric Aiming
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Screen Method Aiming
      • Headlamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module
        • Removal and Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • License Plate Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Fog Lamp Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Cargo Lamp
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cargo Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Switches
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hazard Flasher Switch
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Lighting Systems)
      • Headlamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Gem Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Headlamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Both Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Low Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The High Beam Headlamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 4: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Headlamps Are On Continuously
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Flash-To-Pass Feature Is Inoperative
      • STOPLAMPS
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Stop Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More STOPLAMPS Are Inoperative
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The STOPLAMPS Are On Continuously
      • Turn Signal, Cornering And Hazard Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Turn Signal, Cornering, And Hazard Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Hazard Flasher Lamps Are Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 5: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Never On
          • Notes
          • Chart 1
          • Chart 2
        • Pinpoint Test 6: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Always On
      • Parking, Rear And License Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Exterior, Parking, Rear, And License Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Exterior Lamp(S) Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Fog Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fog Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Backup Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Backup Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Backup Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Backup Lamp Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Backup Lamps Are On Continuously
      • Trailer Lamps
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Trailer Lamps
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Both Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - RH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - LH Trailer Turn Signals/STOPLAMPS/Hazard Lamps
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Individual Trailer Lamps Is Inoperative - Parking Lamps
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Parking Brake Set
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative - Low Beam Headlamps On At Full Intensity With Key On
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Interior Lighting
          • Battery Saver
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Interior Lamps Stay On Continuously - Do Not Fade Out
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Interior Lamps Do Not Turn On With One Door Open
          • Notes
          • Table 1
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Illuminated Entry Is Inoperative When Using The Remote Transmitter
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Demand Lighting Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Battery Voltage Out Of Range
  • Mirrors
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
      • Front Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal
      • Front Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Rear Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Window Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Defrost Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear View Mirrors
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
  • Seats
    • Seats
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Side Air Bag
      • Driver Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Passenger Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Driver Seat Removal And Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Driver Seat Disassembly And Assembly
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Front Seat Cushion - Driver Seat
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Front Seat Cushion - Passenger Seat
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Seat Track - Driver Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track - Passenger Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - Passenger Seat Removal And Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Passenger Seat Disassembly And Assembly
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
          • Notes
          • Vehicles with side air bag
      • Rear Seat Backrest
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Split Bench
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Bench
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Seat Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Seat Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Seat Module
        • Removal
        • Install
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Lighting Systems
      • Exterior Lighting
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Photometric Aiming
      • Headlamp Adjustment - Screen Method Aiming
      • Headlamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headlamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module
        • Removal and Installation
      • Side Lamp/Front Turn Signal Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fog Lamp Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • License Plate Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Lamp Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Fog Lamp Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Lighting
        • Notes
        • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Cargo Lamp
      • Instrument Panel Dimmer Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior/Map Reading Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cargo Lamp
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Switches
      • Steering Column MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hazard Flasher Switch
        • Removal and Installation
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
      • Front Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal
      • Front Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Rear Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Window Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Defrost Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear View Mirrors
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Washer System And Wiper System]
      • Wipers And Washers
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Rear Window Wiper Washer
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
        • Component Test
          • Windshield Wiper Motor
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wipers And Washers
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Wipers Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Wipers Stay On Continuously
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The High - Speed Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Low - Speed Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Intermittent Wiper Mode Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Windshield Washer Pump Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Rear Window Wiper Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Rear Window Wiper Stays On Continuously
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Intermittent Rear Window Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 10: The Rear Window Wiper Does Not Park
        • Pinpoint Test 11: The Rear Window Washer Pump Is Inoperative
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories]
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications - Body Openings
        • General Specifications - Liftgate Glass
        • General Specifications - Wipers
        • General Specifications - Roof Opening Panel
        • Adhesives
    • Washer System & Wiper System
      • Wipers And Washers - Front
      • Wiper Pivot Arm - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Wiper Mounting Arm And Pivot Shaft
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Motor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Wiper/Washer Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Washer Pump And Reservoir
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Washer Pump
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Wiper Blade And Pivot Arm Adjustment
      • Washer Hose Repair
      • Wipers And Washers - Rear
      • Wiper Pivot Arm - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Wiper Motor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Washer Pump
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Wiper Blade And Pivot Arm Adjustment
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Control System (Communication Network)
      • Communications Network
      • Module Controlled Functions
      • Customer Preference Items
      • Programmable Module Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - NGS
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original GEM and Restoring Data to New GEM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to GEM
        • GEM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Programming - WDS
      • Anti-Theft - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver
        • Removal and Installation
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - NGS
      • Anti-Theft Security Access - WDS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - NGS
      • Key Programming Switch State Control - WDS
      • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
        • To Reprogram Additional Keys With NGS Tester (version 9.0 card)
        • To Program Additional Key With WDS Tester (if only one programmed key is available)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using WDS)
        • What To Do If All Keys Are Lost (using NGS Tester ver 9.0)
      • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
        • To Program Keys Without WDS or NGS Tester
        • To Erase Additional Keys Using Only Two Programmed Keys
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
    • Security System And Locks System
      • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Keyless Entry
      • Hood Latch
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Door Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Window Latch
        • Removal and Installation
        • Installation
      • Door Latch - Fuel Filler
        • Removal and Installation
      • Door Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Interior Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fuel Filler Door Release Handle And Cable
        • Removal and Installation
      • Exterior Front Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Exterior Rear Door Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Latch Actuator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hood Latch Release Handle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Remote Transmitter Programming
    • Troubleshooting (Security System And Locks System)
      • Locks, Latches And Entry Systems
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Power Door Locks
          • Keyless Entry
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Door Locks/Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From One Switch
        • Pinpoint Test 3: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From A Single Key Cylinder Switch
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative - Passenger Doors
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative - Driver Door
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
        • Pinpoint Test 8: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Panic Feature Does Not Operate Correctly - Unlock And Lock Operate Correctly
      • Anti-Theft - Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats)
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Anit-Scan Feature
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • PCM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Anti Theft System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Antenna Not Connected
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Pats Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Pats Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Pats Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Pats Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Keys Is Below Minimum
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Vehicle Does Not Start - The Anti-Theft Led Proves Out Normally
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Panels
      • Body
      • Body Sealer Types And Applications
        • Liquid Butyl Sealer
        • Caulking Cord
        • Weather Strip Adhesive
      • Body Misalignment Check
      • Underbody Misalignment Check
        • Notes
        • Underbody Dimensions
      • Bumpers
      • Front Bumper Cover
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Bumper
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Bumper Cover
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Bumper
        • Removal and Installation
      • Frame Assembly
      • SUBFRAME - Front
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • SUBFRAME - Rear
        • Removal
          • Vehicles with 4WD
        • Installation
      • Front End Body Panels
      • Cowl Panel Grille
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender Splash Shield
        • Removal and Installation
      • Insulation
    • Doors And Liftgate
      • Body Closures
      • Door Alignment - Front Door
      • Door Alignment - Rear Door
      • Hinge Adjustment - Front Door
        • LH and RH sides
        • LH side
        • RH side
      • Hinge Adjustment - Rear Door
      • Striker Adjustment
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories]
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications - Body Openings
        • General Specifications - Liftgate Glass
        • General Specifications - Wipers
        • General Specifications - Roof Opening Panel
        • Adhesives
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Exterior Trim
      • Exterior Trim
      • Door Moulding - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender Moulding
        • Removal and Installation
      • Door Moulding - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Radiator Grille
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rocker Panel Moulding
        • Removal and Installation
    • Interior Trim
      • Interior Trim
      • Front Door Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • B-Pillar Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • C-Pillar Trim Panel
        • Removal and Installation
      • Headliner
        • Removal and Installation
      • Console - Overhead
      • Console - Floor
      • Floor Console - Low Series
        • Removal and Installation
      • Floor Console - High Series
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Panel
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Finish Panel
        • Removal and Installation
  • Frames, Subframes & Crossmembers
    • Body Panels
      • Body
      • Body Sealer Types And Applications
        • Liquid Butyl Sealer
        • Caulking Cord
        • Weather Strip Adhesive
      • Body Misalignment Check
      • Underbody Misalignment Check
        • Notes
        • Underbody Dimensions
      • Bumpers
      • Front Bumper Cover
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Bumper
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Bumper Cover
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Bumper
        • Removal and Installation
      • Frame Assembly
      • SUBFRAME - Front
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • SUBFRAME - Rear
        • Removal
          • Vehicles with 4WD
        • Installation
      • Front End Body Panels
      • Cowl Panel Grille
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender
        • Removal and Installation
      • Fender Splash Shield
        • Removal and Installation
      • Insulation
  • Ignition Switch/Steering Lock
    • Power Systems
      • Ignition Switch
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Power Systems)
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Ignition Switch
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: No Power In Acc
        • Pinpoint Test 3: No Power In On
        • Pinpoint Test 4: No Power In Start
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative - Key Cannot Be Removed From Ignition Switch (Automatic Transaxle Only)
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative - Key Can Be Removed From Ignition Switch With Transaxle In Gear (Automatic Transaxle Only)
  • Mirrors
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
      • Front Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal
      • Front Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Rear Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Window Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Defrost Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear View Mirrors
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
  • Seats
    • Seats
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Side Air Bag
      • Driver Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Passenger Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Driver Seat Removal And Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Driver Seat Disassembly And Assembly
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Front Seat Cushion - Driver Seat
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Front Seat Cushion - Passenger Seat
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Seat Track - Driver Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track - Passenger Seat
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - Passenger Seat Removal And Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Passenger Seat Disassembly And Assembly
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
          • Notes
          • Vehicles with side air bag
      • Rear Seat Backrest
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Split Bench
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - Bench
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest Latch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Seat Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Seat Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Seat Module
        • Removal
        • Install
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Sunroof
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Deflector
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Shield
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Motor
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Frame
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Front Drain Hose
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Rear Drain Hose
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Module
        • Removal and Installation
      • Roof Opening Panel Alignment
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
    • Technical Data [Body & Accessories]
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications - Body Openings
        • General Specifications - Liftgate Glass
        • General Specifications - Wipers
        • General Specifications - Roof Opening Panel
        • Adhesives
  • Windows
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
      • Front Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Windshield Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Quarter Window Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Liftgate Window Glass
        • Removal and Installation
      • Front Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Door Glass Top Run
        • Removal
      • Front Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Rear Door Window Regulator
        • Removal and Installation
          • All vehicles
      • Window Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Window Defrost Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear View Mirrors
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
      • Lead Terminal Repair
    • Symptom Troubleshooting [Windows/Mirrors/Roof/Seats)
      • Glass, Frames And Mechanisms
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Windows
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Driver
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Front Passenger
        • Pinpoint Test 4: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Right Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 5: A Single Power Window Is Inoperative - Left Rear
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Defrost System Is Inoperative
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Mirrors
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Heated Exterior Mirror Is Inoperative
      • Roof Opening Panel
        • Principles of Operation
          • Roof Opening Panel
          • Express Open
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Roof Opening Panel
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Have Soft Stop
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Power Seat
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Notes
          • P-357
          • P-360
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Heated Seat Is Inoperative
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake System
      • Anti-Lock Control - (4WABS)
      • Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Removal and Installation
      • Sensor - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Sensor - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Brakes)
      • Brake System
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Notes
          • Brake Booster - Operation Check
      • Anti-Lock Control
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Control Unit
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
          • Anti-Lock Brake Sensor
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Warning Lamp Indicators
          • Notes
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Parameter Identification (PID) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Active Command Index
      • Parking Brake
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Vibration When Brakes Are Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Brake Lockup During Light Brake Pedal Force
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Excessive Brake Pedal Effort
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Slow Or Incomplete Brake Pedal Return
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking Brake
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Parking Brake Will Not Engage
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking Brake Will Not Release
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Abs
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Communication With The Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
        • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC B1676 - Battery Voltage Out Of Range
        • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC C1145 (RF), DTC C1155 (LF), DTC C1165 (RR) And DTC C1175 (LR) - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Input Circuit Failure
          • Notes
          • Table 1
          • Table 2
          • Table 3
          • Table 4
        • Pinpoint Test 4: DTCS C1233, C1234, C1235 And C1236 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Output Failure
          • Notes
          • Table 1
        • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC C1095 - Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Yellow Abs Light Always On, No DTCS
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Disc Brake System & Drum Brake System
      • Description & Operation
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Notes
        • BRAKELINE Bleeding Sequence
        • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Bench Bleed
          • Master Cylinder In-Vehicle Bleed
        • Brake System Pressure Bleeding
        • Bleeding Abs Hydraulic Control Unit
      • Adjustments
        • Brake Pedal Free Play
        • Brake Pedal Height & Stoplight Switch
        • Master Cylinder Push Rod
        • Rear Brake Shoes
          • Notes
          • Brake Shoe Adjustment (With Drum On)
          • Brake Shoe Adjustment (With Drum Off)
        • Parking Brake Cable
          • Vehicles With Low Series Floor Console
          • Vehicles With High Series Floor Console
      • Component Tests
        • Brake System Leak Check
        • Power Brake Unit
        • Proportioning Valve
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Brake Fluid Reservoir
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Brake Pedal & Bracket
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Floor Console
          • Removal & Installation (High Series Console)
          • Removal & Installation (Low Series Console)
        • Front Brake Rotor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Disc Brake Caliper
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Disc Brake Caliper Anchor Plate
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Disc Brake Pads
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake Cable Front Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake Cable Rear Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake Warning Indicator Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Brake Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Pressure Control Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Axle Bearing & Oil Seal
        • Rear Brake Backing Plate
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Brake Drum
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Brake Drum Shoes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Speed Control DEACTIVATOR Switch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Brake Master Cylinder
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Reassembly
        • Front Disc Brake Caliper
          • Diassembly
          • Reassembly
        • Wheel Cylinder
          • Disassembly
          • Reassembly
      • Torque Specifications
      • Disc Brake Specifications
      • Drum Brake Specifications
    • Service Tools (Brakes)
      • Service Tools
        • Special Tools
    • Technical Data (Brakes)
      • Technical Data
        • Specifications
          • General Specifications
  • Traction Control
    • Anti-Lock Brake System
      • Anti-Lock Control - (4WABS)
      • Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
        • Removal and Installation
      • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Removal and Installation
      • Sensor - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Sensor - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Brakes)
      • Brake System
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Notes
          • Brake Booster - Operation Check
      • Anti-Lock Control
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Control Unit
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
          • Anti-Lock Brake Sensor
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Warning Lamp Indicators
          • Notes
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Parameter Identification (PID) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Active Command Index
      • Parking Brake
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Visual Inspection Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Vibration When Brakes Are Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Brake Lockup During Light Brake Pedal Force
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Excessive Brake Pedal Effort
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Slow Or Incomplete Brake Pedal Return
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Parking Brake
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Parking Brake Will Not Engage
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Parking Brake Will Not Release
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Abs
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Communication With The Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
        • Pinpoint Test 2: DTC B1676 - Battery Voltage Out Of Range
        • Pinpoint Test 3: DTC C1145 (RF), DTC C1155 (LF), DTC C1165 (RR) And DTC C1175 (LR) - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Input Circuit Failure
          • Notes
          • Table 1
          • Table 2
          • Table 3
          • Table 4
        • Pinpoint Test 4: DTCS C1233, C1234, C1235 And C1236 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Output Failure
          • Notes
          • Table 1
        • Pinpoint Test 5: DTC C1095 - Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Yellow Abs Light Always On, No DTCS
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Drive Shaft
      • Front Drive HALFSHAFTS
      • Rear Drive HALFSHAFTS
        • Notes
        • Halfshaft Handling
      • HALFSHAFT Joint
        • Overview
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • HALFSHAFT - Front
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • HALFSHAFT - Rear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • HALFSHAFT
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Intermediate Shaft
        • Removal and Installation
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Differential
      • Axle Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Axle
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
    • Rear Axle
      • Rear Drive Axle And Differential
      • Wheel Bearing - 2WD
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Bearing - 4WD
        • Removal and Installation
        • Installation
      • Rotary Blade Coupling
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rotary Blade Coupling Disassembly And Assembly
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Differential Housing Cover
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Drive Pinion Seal
        • Removal and Installation
      • Stub Shaft Pilot Bearing Housing And Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Service Tools (Driveline/Axles)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Driveline/Axle)
      • Driveline System
        • Overview
        • Inspection And Verification
          • Notes
          • Driveshaft Center Universal Joint (U-Joint) Constant Velocity (CV) Joint And Inspection
          • Driveshaft Center Bearing
          • Noise Acceptability
          • Preliminary Diagnosis Question The Customer
          • Road Test
          • Vehicle Road Test Evaluation Form
          • Analysis Of Leakage
          • Axle Vent
          • Flange Yoke Seal
          • Drive Pinion Nut
          • Differential Seals
          • Analysis Of Vibration
          • Tires
          • Wheel Hub Flange Bolt Circle Runout
          • Halfshafts, Rear Wheel
          • Pilot Runout
          • Wheel Hub Face Runout
        • Component Tests
          • Driveline Vibration
      • Four-Wheel Drive Systems - Electronic Shift
        • Notes
        • Principles Of Operation
        • Inspection And Verification
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Vehicle Does Not Shift Between Auto And 4X4 On Modes Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The 4X4 Indicator Is Always On - Four Wheel Drive System Operates Correctly
    • Technical Data (Driveline/Axles)
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
          • Notes
          • Lubricants/Capacities
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Propeller Shaft
      • Driveshaft
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
      • Universal Joints
      • Universal Joint - Center And Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Driveshaft RUNOUT And Balance
      • Driveshaft Indexing
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Clutch Solenoid Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102a)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102b)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102c)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C121)
        • Speed Control Servo Connector End View (C122)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • ABS Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Anti-Theft Hood Switch Connector End View (C127)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch Connector End View (C130)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Windshield Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C137)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C143)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Front Connector End View (C150)
        • Fog Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C152)
        • ABS Control Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Front Connector End View (C160)
        • Fog Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Connector End View (C167)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 Connector End View (C172)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (3 Of 3)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Connector End View (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197a)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197b)
        • Transmission Hardware Unit Connector End View (C199)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201a)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C210)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C213)
        • Driver Air Bag Unit Connector End View (C216)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218a)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220a)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220c)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240b)
        • Rear Window Defrost Switch Connector End View (C241)
        • Fog Lamp Switch Connector End View (C242)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Connector End View (C251)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256)
        • Inline Connector End View (C260)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Deactivator Switch Connector End View (C277)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Switch Connector End View (C284)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290b)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290c)
        • Front Blower Motor Resistor Assembly Connector End View (C293)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294b)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294c)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Right Connector End View (C304)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Left Connector End View (C305)
        • Parking Brake Switch Connector End View (C306)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C315)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C320)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C321)
        • Safety Belt Switch Connector End View (C323)
        • Heated Seat Module, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C329)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C334)
        • Seat Back Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C335)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Right Connector End View (C337)
        • Power Seat Switch, Left Connector End View (C352)
        • Inline Connector End View (C353)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Driver Seat Connector End View (C354)
        • Heated Seat Module, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C359)
        • Driver Seat Horizontal Motor Connector End View (C362)
        • Driver Seat Rear Height Motor Connector End View (C363)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C364)
        • Seat Back Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C365)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Left Connector End View (C367)
        • EVAP Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Differential Lock Solenoid Connector End View (C378)
        • Driver Seat Front Height Motor Connector End View (C382)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Passenger Seat Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402a)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C406)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C411)
        • Turn Lamp, Left Rear Connector End View (C413)
        • Turn Lamp, Right Rear Connector End View (C416)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Right Rear Connector End View (C418)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Left Rear Connector End View (C419)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C423)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Rear Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Transducer Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Rear Connector End View (C440)
        • Reversing Lamp, Left Connector End View (C451)
        • License Plate Lamp, Left Connector End View (C454)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Reversing Lamp, Right Connector End View (C461)
        • License Plate Lamp, Right Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • Power Point, Rear Connector End View (C474)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Master Window/Door Lock/Unlock Switch Connector End View (C508)
        • Tweeter, Left Front Connector End View (C513)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Driver Side Connector End View (C520)
        • Speaker, Left Front Connector End View (C523)
        • Power Window Motor, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C524)
        • Door Lock Unit, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Passenger Side Connector End View (C601)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C604)
        • Door Lock Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C605)
        • Power Window Motor, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C608)
        • Door Lock Unit, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C609)
        • Speaker, Right Front Connector End View (C612)
        • Tweeter, Right Front Connector End View (C613)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Left Rear Connector End View (C701)
        • Speaker, Left Rear Connector End View (C702)
        • Power Window Motor, Left Rear Connector End View (C703)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Left Rear Connector End View (C704)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Right Rear Connector End View (C801)
        • Speaker, Right Rear Connector End View (C802)
        • Power Window Motor, Right Rear Connector End View (C803)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Right Rear Connector End View (C804)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Right Connector End View (C906)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Left Connector End View (C907)
        • Electrochromatic Inside Mirror Unit Connector End View (C911)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Interior Lamp, Front Connector End View (C918)
        • Inline Connector End View (C919)
        • Roof Opening Panel Motor Assembly Connector End View (C920)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926a)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926b)
        • Interior/Map Lamps Assembly, Front Connector End View (C931)
        • Roof Opening Panel Position Switch Connector End View (C933)
        • Fog Lamp Relay Connector End View (C1007)
        • A/C Clutch Relay Connector End View (C1008)
        • PCM Power Relay Connector End View (C1016)
        • Starter Relay Connector End View (C1017)
        • Headlamp, Left Connector End View (C1021)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035b)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035c)
        • Headlamp, Right Connector End View (C1041)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C1043)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (C1051)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1055)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 1 Connector End View (C1056)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 2 Connector End View (C1057)
        • Low Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1058)
        • Dual Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1062)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Connector End View (C1064)
        • Ignition Coil Connector End View (C1065)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor Connector End View (C1068)
        • Low Coolant Level Switch Connector End View (C1069)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Valve Connector End View (C1083)
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Diode Connector End View (C1086)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Connector End View (C1088)
        • Rear Window Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1097)
        • Starter Relay Diode Connector End View (C1098)
        • Rear Window Defrost Relay Connector End View (C1099)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100a)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100b)
        • Horn, Left Connector End View (C1101)
        • Horn, Right Connector End View (C1102)
        • Headlamp Relay Connector End View (C1103)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1121)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Right Connector End View (C1122)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Left Connector End View (C1123)
        • Cylinder-Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C1181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C1182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C1183)
        • Vapor Management Valve Connector End View (C1195)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1197)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C2010)
        • Blower Motor Relay Connector End View (C2017)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027a)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027b)
        • Cigar Lighter, Front Connector End View (C2031)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Parking Aid Disable Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041a)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041b)
        • Accessory Relay Connector End View (C2050)
        • Park Lamp Relay Connector End View (C2059)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Front Blower Motor Connector End View (C2066)
        • Brake Shift Interlock Diode Connector End View (C2069)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Relay Connector End View (C2073)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module Connector End View (C2074)
        • Accessory Delay Relay Connector End View (C2075)
        • Ignition Relay Connector End View (C2076)
        • Horn Relay Connector End View (C2077)
        • Light Switch Connector End View (C2080)
        • Wiper/Washer Switch Connector End View (C2081)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Left Connector End View (C4009)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Left Connector End View (C4010)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Right Connector End View (C4011)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Right Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module (PAM) Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Relay Connector End View (C4042)
  • Charging Systems
    • Generators & Regulators
      • Description & Operation
        • Charging System
          • Notes
          • Functionality (3.0L Only)
          • Battery Positive Output Circuit (3.0L Only)
          • Ignition Circuit (3.0L Only)
          • "A" Circuit (3.0L Only)
      • Component Locations
      • Adjustments
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Battery Drain Tests
        • Battery Electronic Drains Which Shut Off When The Battery Cable Is Disconnected
        • Battery Load Test
        • Generator Load Test
        • Generator No Load Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running (3.0L)
        • Test B: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running (2.0L)
        • Test C: Charging System Overcharges Battery - Battery Voltage Is Greater Than 15.5 Volts (3.0L)
        • Test D: Charging System Overcharges Battery - Battery Voltage Greater Than 15.5 Volts (2.0L)
        • Test E: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running & The Battery Increases Voltage (3.0L)
        • Test F: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running & The System Increases Voltage (2.0L)
        • Test G: Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With Ignition Switch In Run Position With Engine Off (3.0L)
        • Test H: Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With Ignition Switch In Run Position With Engine Off (2.0L)
        • Test I: Charging System Warning Indicator Flickers (3.0L)
        • Test J: Charging System Warning Indicator Flickers (2.0L)
        • Test K: Generator Is Noisy
        • Test L: Radio Interference
      • Removal & Installation
        • Battery Disconnect
        • Generator
          • Removal & Installation (2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (3.0L)
      • Battery
        • Battery Specifications
          • Service Specifications
          • Torque Specifications
      • Generator Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
        • 2004
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Splices
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • Engine Compartment Fuse Block
      • Instrument Panel Fuse Block
  • Gauges
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Safety Belt Warning Chime
          • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Key In Ignition Warning
          • Air Bag Warning Chime
          • Trip/Odometer Reset Tone
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster and Dimmable Backlighting
        • Non-Dimmable Backlighting
      • Instrument Cluster Module (ICM) Programming - NGS Tester
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original ICM and Restoring Data to New ICM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to ICM
        • ICM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic) Replacement Procedure - WDS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Gauge Indication Systems
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Speedometer
          • Odometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Gauge
          • Temperature Gauge
          • Low Oil Pressure Warning Indicator
          • Low Coolant Level Warning Indicator - 3.0L (4V) Engine
          • Charging System Indicator
          • Air Bag Warning Indicator
          • Service Engine Soon Indicator
          • High Beam Indicator
          • Turn Indicator
          • Brake Warning Indicator
          • Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator (ABS) (if equipped)
          • Safety Belt Warning Indicator
          • Theft Indicator
          • 4WD Indicator Lamp (if equipped)
          • Speed Control Indicator (if equipped)
          • Door Ajar Indicator
          • Low Fuel Warning Indicator
          • O/D OFF Indicator
          • PRND21 Indicator (automatic transaxle only)
          • Check Fuel Cap
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cluster Lens
        • Removal and Installation
      • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Selector Lever Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Horn
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
    • Troubleshooting (Instrumentation/Driver Information)
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Self-Diagnostic Mode
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Self-Diagnostic Mode 2
          • Instrument Cluster Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Diagnostic Trouble Code Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Communication With The Instrument Cluster
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Instrument Cluster Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speedometer/Odometer Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Brake Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Low Fuel Warning Indicator Is Never/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 10: The Theft Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 11: The Charge System Warning Indicator Is Never On
        • Pinpoint Test 12: The Low Oil Pressure Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 13: The Anti-Lock Brake Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 14: The Air Bag Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 15: The LH Turn Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 16: The RH Turn Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 17: The High Beam Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 18: The Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil) Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 19: The Low Coolant Warning Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - 3.0L DURATEC (4V) Engine
        • Pinpoint Test 20: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Is Inoperative (Chime Is Operative)
        • Pinpoint Test 21: The Door Ajar Indicator Is Inoperative (Chime Is Operative)
        • Pinpoint Test 22: The O/D Off Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 23: The Four Wheel Drive (4WD) Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 24: The Transaxle Range Indicator Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 25: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative/Always On - If Equipped
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Illumination
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Climate Control Panel Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Audio System Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Instrument Panel Illumination Does Not Dim
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Rear Defrost Switch Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The 4 Wheel Drive Switch Illumination Is Inoperative (If Equipped)
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Hazard Switch Illumination Source Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Front Fog Lamp Switch Illumination Is Inoperative (If Equipped)
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Chimes
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Key-In-Ignition Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Horn
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Horn Does Not Sound
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Horn Sounds Continuously
  • Horns
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
      • Gauges And Warning Devices
        • Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Safety Belt Warning Chime
          • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Key In Ignition Warning
          • Air Bag Warning Chime
          • Trip/Odometer Reset Tone
      • Instrument Cluster And Panel Illumination
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster and Dimmable Backlighting
        • Non-Dimmable Backlighting
      • Instrument Cluster Module (ICM) Programming - NGS Tester
        • Notes
        • Retrieving Data from Original ICM and Restoring Data to New ICM
        • Downloading Data from PCM to ICM
        • ICM Manual Programming with As-Built Data
      • Instrument Cluster (Ic) Replacement Procedure - WDS
      • Instrument Cluster
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Gauge Indication Systems
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Replacement
          • Speedometer
          • Odometer
          • Tachometer
          • Fuel Gauge
          • Temperature Gauge
          • Low Oil Pressure Warning Indicator
          • Low Coolant Level Warning Indicator - 3.0L (4V) Engine
          • Charging System Indicator
          • Air Bag Warning Indicator
          • Service Engine Soon Indicator
          • High Beam Indicator
          • Turn Indicator
          • Brake Warning Indicator
          • Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator (ABS) (if equipped)
          • Safety Belt Warning Indicator
          • Theft Indicator
          • 4WD Indicator Lamp (if equipped)
          • Speed Control Indicator (if equipped)
          • Door Ajar Indicator
          • Low Fuel Warning Indicator
          • O/D OFF Indicator
          • PRND21 Indicator (automatic transaxle only)
          • Check Fuel Cap
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cluster Lens
        • Removal and Installation
      • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Instrument Cluster Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Selector Lever Indicator Bulb
        • Removal and Installation
      • Horn
        • Overview
        • Removal and Installation
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Clutch Solenoid Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102a)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102b)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102c)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C121)
        • Speed Control Servo Connector End View (C122)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • ABS Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Anti-Theft Hood Switch Connector End View (C127)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch Connector End View (C130)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Windshield Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C137)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C143)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Front Connector End View (C150)
        • Fog Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C152)
        • ABS Control Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Front Connector End View (C160)
        • Fog Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Connector End View (C167)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 Connector End View (C172)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (3 Of 3)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Connector End View (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197a)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197b)
        • Transmission Hardware Unit Connector End View (C199)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201a)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C210)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C213)
        • Driver Air Bag Unit Connector End View (C216)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218a)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220a)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220c)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240b)
        • Rear Window Defrost Switch Connector End View (C241)
        • Fog Lamp Switch Connector End View (C242)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Connector End View (C251)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256)
        • Inline Connector End View (C260)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Deactivator Switch Connector End View (C277)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Switch Connector End View (C284)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290b)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290c)
        • Front Blower Motor Resistor Assembly Connector End View (C293)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294b)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294c)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Right Connector End View (C304)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Left Connector End View (C305)
        • Parking Brake Switch Connector End View (C306)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C315)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C320)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C321)
        • Safety Belt Switch Connector End View (C323)
        • Heated Seat Module, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C329)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C334)
        • Seat Back Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C335)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Right Connector End View (C337)
        • Power Seat Switch, Left Connector End View (C352)
        • Inline Connector End View (C353)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Driver Seat Connector End View (C354)
        • Heated Seat Module, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C359)
        • Driver Seat Horizontal Motor Connector End View (C362)
        • Driver Seat Rear Height Motor Connector End View (C363)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C364)
        • Seat Back Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C365)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Left Connector End View (C367)
        • EVAP Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Differential Lock Solenoid Connector End View (C378)
        • Driver Seat Front Height Motor Connector End View (C382)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Passenger Seat Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402a)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C406)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C411)
        • Turn Lamp, Left Rear Connector End View (C413)
        • Turn Lamp, Right Rear Connector End View (C416)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Right Rear Connector End View (C418)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Left Rear Connector End View (C419)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C423)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Rear Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Transducer Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Rear Connector End View (C440)
        • Reversing Lamp, Left Connector End View (C451)
        • License Plate Lamp, Left Connector End View (C454)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Reversing Lamp, Right Connector End View (C461)
        • License Plate Lamp, Right Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • Power Point, Rear Connector End View (C474)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Master Window/Door Lock/Unlock Switch Connector End View (C508)
        • Tweeter, Left Front Connector End View (C513)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Driver Side Connector End View (C520)
        • Speaker, Left Front Connector End View (C523)
        • Power Window Motor, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C524)
        • Door Lock Unit, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Passenger Side Connector End View (C601)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C604)
        • Door Lock Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C605)
        • Power Window Motor, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C608)
        • Door Lock Unit, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C609)
        • Speaker, Right Front Connector End View (C612)
        • Tweeter, Right Front Connector End View (C613)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Left Rear Connector End View (C701)
        • Speaker, Left Rear Connector End View (C702)
        • Power Window Motor, Left Rear Connector End View (C703)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Left Rear Connector End View (C704)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Right Rear Connector End View (C801)
        • Speaker, Right Rear Connector End View (C802)
        • Power Window Motor, Right Rear Connector End View (C803)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Right Rear Connector End View (C804)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Right Connector End View (C906)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Left Connector End View (C907)
        • Electrochromatic Inside Mirror Unit Connector End View (C911)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Interior Lamp, Front Connector End View (C918)
        • Inline Connector End View (C919)
        • Roof Opening Panel Motor Assembly Connector End View (C920)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926a)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926b)
        • Interior/Map Lamps Assembly, Front Connector End View (C931)
        • Roof Opening Panel Position Switch Connector End View (C933)
        • Fog Lamp Relay Connector End View (C1007)
        • A/C Clutch Relay Connector End View (C1008)
        • PCM Power Relay Connector End View (C1016)
        • Starter Relay Connector End View (C1017)
        • Headlamp, Left Connector End View (C1021)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035b)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035c)
        • Headlamp, Right Connector End View (C1041)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C1043)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (C1051)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1055)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 1 Connector End View (C1056)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 2 Connector End View (C1057)
        • Low Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1058)
        • Dual Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1062)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Connector End View (C1064)
        • Ignition Coil Connector End View (C1065)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor Connector End View (C1068)
        • Low Coolant Level Switch Connector End View (C1069)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Valve Connector End View (C1083)
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Diode Connector End View (C1086)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Connector End View (C1088)
        • Rear Window Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1097)
        • Starter Relay Diode Connector End View (C1098)
        • Rear Window Defrost Relay Connector End View (C1099)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100a)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100b)
        • Horn, Left Connector End View (C1101)
        • Horn, Right Connector End View (C1102)
        • Headlamp Relay Connector End View (C1103)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1121)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Right Connector End View (C1122)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Left Connector End View (C1123)
        • Cylinder-Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C1181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C1182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C1183)
        • Vapor Management Valve Connector End View (C1195)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1197)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C2010)
        • Blower Motor Relay Connector End View (C2017)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027a)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027b)
        • Cigar Lighter, Front Connector End View (C2031)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Parking Aid Disable Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041a)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041b)
        • Accessory Relay Connector End View (C2050)
        • Park Lamp Relay Connector End View (C2059)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Front Blower Motor Connector End View (C2066)
        • Brake Shift Interlock Diode Connector End View (C2069)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Relay Connector End View (C2073)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module Connector End View (C2074)
        • Accessory Delay Relay Connector End View (C2075)
        • Ignition Relay Connector End View (C2076)
        • Horn Relay Connector End View (C2077)
        • Light Switch Connector End View (C2080)
        • Wiper/Washer Switch Connector End View (C2081)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Left Connector End View (C4009)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Left Connector End View (C4010)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Right Connector End View (C4011)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Right Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module (PAM) Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Relay Connector End View (C4042)
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Starting System
      • Starter Drive And Flywheel Ring Gear Inspection
      • Starter Motor - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Starter Motor - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C Clutch Solenoid Connector End View (C100)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C101)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102a)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102b)
        • Generator Connector End View (C102c)
        • Oil Pressure Switch Connector End View (C103)
        • Knock Sensor Connector End View (C109)
        • Inline Connector End View (C110)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 1 Connector End View (C111)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 2 Connector End View (C112)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 3 Connector End View (C113)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 4 Connector End View (C114)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 5 Connector End View (C115)
        • Coil On Plug (COP) 6 Connector End View (C116)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C121)
        • Speed Control Servo Connector End View (C122)
        • Brake Fluid Level Switch Connector End View (C124)
        • Windshield Wiper Motor Connector End View (C125)
        • ABS Test Connector End View (C126)
        • Anti-Theft Hood Switch Connector End View (C127)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor Connector End View (C128)
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch Connector End View (C130)
        • Inline Connector End View (C133)
        • Inline Connector End View (C134)
        • Windshield Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C137)
        • Inline Connector End View (C139)
        • Inline Connector End View (C140)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #22 Connector End View (C141)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 Connector End View (C142)
        • Turbine Shaft Speed Sensor Connector End View (C143)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Front Connector End View (C150)
        • Fog Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C152)
        • ABS Control Module Connector End View (C155)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Front Connector End View (C160)
        • Fog Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C162)
        • Transmission Range (TR) Sensor Connector End View (C167)
        • Reversing Lamps Switch Connector End View (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 Connector End View (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 Connector End View (C172)
        • Ignition Transformer Capacitor 1 Connector End View (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (1 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (2 Of 3)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Connector End View (C175) (3 Of 3)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C183)
        • Fuel Injector 4 Connector End View (C184)
        • Fuel Injector 5 Connector End View (C185)
        • Fuel Injector 6 Connector End View (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) Connector End View (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor Connector End View (C193)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197a)
        • Starter Motor Connector End View (C197b)
        • Transmission Hardware Unit Connector End View (C199)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201a)
        • Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Connector End View (C201b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C210)
        • Inline Connector End View (C211)
        • Inline Connector End View (C212)
        • Inline Connector End View (C213)
        • Driver Air Bag Unit Connector End View (C216)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218a)
        • Air Bag Sliding Contact Connector End View (C218b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220a)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220b)
        • Instrument Cluster Connector End View (C220c)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C240b)
        • Rear Window Defrost Switch Connector End View (C241)
        • Fog Lamp Switch Connector End View (C242)
        • Inline Connector End View (C248)
        • Data Link Connector (DLC) Connector End View (C251)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module Connector End View (C256)
        • Inline Connector End View (C260)
        • Inline Connector End View (C263)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270a)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270b)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270c)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270d)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270e)
        • Central Junction Box (CJB) Connector End View (C270f)
        • Deactivator Switch Connector End View (C277)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch Connector End View (C278)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Switch Connector End View (C284)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290a)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290b)
        • Audio Unit Connector End View (C290c)
        • Front Blower Motor Resistor Assembly Connector End View (C293)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294b)
        • Function Selector Switch Assembly Connector End View (C294c)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Right Connector End View (C304)
        • Side Air Bag Sensor, Left Connector End View (C305)
        • Parking Brake Switch Connector End View (C306)
        • Inline Connector End View (C311)
        • Inline Connector End View (C312)
        • Inline Connector End View (C313)
        • Inline Connector End View (C314)
        • Inline Connector End View (C315)
        • Inline Connector End View (C316)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C320)
        • Seat Heater Switch, Driver Side Connector End View (C321)
        • Safety Belt Switch Connector End View (C323)
        • Heated Seat Module, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C329)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C334)
        • Seat Back Heater, Right Front Connector End View (C335)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Right Connector End View (C337)
        • Power Seat Switch, Left Connector End View (C352)
        • Inline Connector End View (C353)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Driver Seat Connector End View (C354)
        • Heated Seat Module, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C359)
        • Driver Seat Horizontal Motor Connector End View (C362)
        • Driver Seat Rear Height Motor Connector End View (C363)
        • Seat Cushion Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C364)
        • Seat Back Heater, Left Front Connector End View (C365)
        • Side Air Bag Module, Left Connector End View (C367)
        • EVAP Canister Vent Control Solenoid Connector End View (C377)
        • Differential Lock Solenoid Connector End View (C378)
        • Driver Seat Front Height Motor Connector End View (C382)
        • Seat Belt Tensioner, Passenger Seat Connector End View (C389)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) Switch Connector End View (C392)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402a)
        • Rear Window Defrost Grid Connector End View (C402b)
        • Inline Connector End View (C405)
        • Inline Connector End View (C406)
        • Inline Connector End View (C408)
        • Inline Connector End View (C410)
        • Inline Connector End View (C411)
        • Turn Lamp, Left Rear Connector End View (C413)
        • Turn Lamp, Right Rear Connector End View (C416)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Right Rear Connector End View (C418)
        • Park/Stop Lamp Left Rear Connector End View (C419)
        • Inline Connector End View (C421)
        • Inline Connector End View (C423)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Right Rear Connector End View (C426)
        • Fuel Tank Unit Connector End View (C433)
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Transducer Sensor Connector End View (C435)
        • Trailer Tow Connector End View (C439)
        • Wheel Speed Sensor, Left Rear Connector End View (C440)
        • Reversing Lamp, Left Connector End View (C451)
        • License Plate Lamp, Left Connector End View (C454)
        • Liftgate Lock Actuator Connector End View (C457)
        • Reversing Lamp, Right Connector End View (C461)
        • License Plate Lamp, Right Connector End View (C462)
        • Subwoofer Amplifier Connector End View (C466)
        • Power Point, Rear Connector End View (C474)
        • High Mounted Stoplamp Connector End View (C475)
        • Rear Wiper Motor Assembly Connector End View (C476)
        • Liftgate Glass Ajar Switch Connector End View (C478)
        • Liftgate Ajar Switch Connector End View (C479)
        • Master Window/Door Lock/Unlock Switch Connector End View (C508)
        • Tweeter, Left Front Connector End View (C513)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Driver Side Connector End View (C520)
        • Speaker, Left Front Connector End View (C523)
        • Power Window Motor, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C524)
        • Door Lock Unit, Driver Side Front Connector End View (C525)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror, Passenger Side Connector End View (C601)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C604)
        • Door Lock Switch, Passenger Side Connector End View (C605)
        • Power Window Motor, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C608)
        • Door Lock Unit, Passenger Side Front Connector End View (C609)
        • Speaker, Right Front Connector End View (C612)
        • Tweeter, Right Front Connector End View (C613)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Left Rear Connector End View (C701)
        • Speaker, Left Rear Connector End View (C702)
        • Power Window Motor, Left Rear Connector End View (C703)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Left Rear Connector End View (C704)
        • Window Adjust Switch, Right Rear Connector End View (C801)
        • Speaker, Right Rear Connector End View (C802)
        • Power Window Motor, Right Rear Connector End View (C803)
        • Door Lock Actuator, Right Rear Connector End View (C804)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Right Connector End View (C906)
        • Vanity Mirror Lamp, Left Connector End View (C907)
        • Electrochromatic Inside Mirror Unit Connector End View (C911)
        • Roof Opening Panel Switch Connector End View (C912)
        • Interior Lamp, Front Connector End View (C918)
        • Inline Connector End View (C919)
        • Roof Opening Panel Motor Assembly Connector End View (C920)
        • Roof Opening Panel Module Connector End View (C921)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926a)
        • Cargo Lamp Connector End View (C926b)
        • Interior/Map Lamps Assembly, Front Connector End View (C931)
        • Roof Opening Panel Position Switch Connector End View (C933)
        • Fog Lamp Relay Connector End View (C1007)
        • A/C Clutch Relay Connector End View (C1008)
        • PCM Power Relay Connector End View (C1016)
        • Starter Relay Connector End View (C1017)
        • Headlamp, Left Connector End View (C1021)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Left Front Connector End View (C1023)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Resistor Connector End View (C1027)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035a)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035b)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) Connector End View (C1035c)
        • Headlamp, Right Connector End View (C1041)
        • Park/Turn Lamp, Right Front Connector End View (C1043)
        • Fuel Pump Relay Connector End View (C1051)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1055)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 1 Connector End View (C1056)
        • High Speed Fan Control Relay 2 Connector End View (C1057)
        • Low Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1058)
        • Dual Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1062)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor Connector End View (C1064)
        • Ignition Coil Connector End View (C1065)
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor Connector End View (C1068)
        • Low Coolant Level Switch Connector End View (C1069)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 1 Connector End View (C1074)
        • Engine Cooling Fan Motor 2 Connector End View (C1077)
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Valve Connector End View (C1083)
        • A/C Compressor Clutch Diode Connector End View (C1086)
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Connector End View (C1088)
        • Rear Window Washer Pump Motor Connector End View (C1097)
        • Starter Relay Diode Connector End View (C1098)
        • Rear Window Defrost Relay Connector End View (C1099)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100a)
        • Battery Connector End View (C1100b)
        • Horn, Left Connector End View (C1101)
        • Horn, Right Connector End View (C1102)
        • Headlamp Relay Connector End View (C1103)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1120)
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch Connector End View (C1121)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Right Connector End View (C1122)
        • Side Turn Signal Lamp, Left Connector End View (C1123)
        • Cylinder-Head Temperature Sensor Connector End View (C1164)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor Connector End View (C1180)
        • Fuel Injector 1 Connector End View (C1181)
        • Fuel Injector 2 Connector End View (C1182)
        • Fuel Injector 3 Connector End View (C1183)
        • Vapor Management Valve Connector End View (C1195)
        • Medium Speed Fan Control Relay Connector End View (C1197)
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch Connector End View (C2010)
        • Blower Motor Relay Connector End View (C2017)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027a)
        • Electronic Flasher Module Connector End View (C2027b)
        • Cigar Lighter, Front Connector End View (C2031)
        • Power Point Connector End View (C2033)
        • Parking Aid Disable Switch Connector End View (C2035)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041a)
        • Restraints Control Module Connector End View (C2041b)
        • Accessory Relay Connector End View (C2050)
        • Park Lamp Relay Connector End View (C2059)
        • Illumination Dimmer Connector End View (C2065)
        • Front Blower Motor Connector End View (C2066)
        • Brake Shift Interlock Diode Connector End View (C2069)
        • Clutch Switch Connector End View (C2070)
        • Clutch Cutoff Switch Connector End View (C2072)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Relay Connector End View (C2073)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module Connector End View (C2074)
        • Accessory Delay Relay Connector End View (C2075)
        • Ignition Relay Connector End View (C2076)
        • Horn Relay Connector End View (C2077)
        • Light Switch Connector End View (C2080)
        • Wiper/Washer Switch Connector End View (C2081)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Left Connector End View (C4009)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Left Connector End View (C4010)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Outer Right Connector End View (C4011)
        • Parking Aid Sensor, Inner Right Connector End View (C4012)
        • Parking Aid Module (PAM) Connector End View (C4014)
        • Parking Aid Speaker Connector End View (C4015)
        • Four-Wheel Drive Relay Connector End View (C4042)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cooling Fan
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 2.0L
        • 3.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Adjustments
        • Drive Belt
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Drive Belt Routing (2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (3.0L)
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Cooling System Specifications
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Cooling Fan
    • Cooling System - 2.0L
      • Engine Cooling
        • Description & Operation
      • Inspection and Verification
      • Component Tests
        • Pressure Test
        • Cap
        • Thermostat - Water
        • Thermostat - Electrical Test
        • Thermostat - Mechanical Test
        • Radiator Leak Test, Removed From the Vehicle
      • Cooling System Inspection
      • Cooling System Draining, Filling And Bleeding
      • Cooling System Flushing
      • Degas Bottle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Radiator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Thermostat - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Thermostat Housing - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Water Pump - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cooling Fan
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cylinder Block - Core Plug Replacement
      • Block Heater
        • Removal and Installation
    • Electric Cooling Fans
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Location
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Self-Diagnostics
      • Troubleshooting
        • Preliminary Inspection
      • Component Tests
        • Cooling Fan Motor
        • Cooling Fan Relay
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
      • Removal & Installation
        • Cooling Fan Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor - 2.0L
          • Removal & Installation
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor - 3.0L
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
        • 2004
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System - 2.0L
      • Engine Cooling
        • Description & Operation
      • Inspection and Verification
      • Component Tests
        • Pressure Test
        • Cap
        • Thermostat - Water
        • Thermostat - Electrical Test
        • Thermostat - Mechanical Test
        • Radiator Leak Test, Removed From the Vehicle
      • Cooling System Inspection
      • Cooling System Draining, Filling And Bleeding
      • Cooling System Flushing
      • Degas Bottle
        • Removal and Installation
      • Radiator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Thermostat - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Thermostat Housing - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Water Pump - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cooling Fan
        • Removal and Installation
      • Cylinder Block - Core Plug Replacement
      • Block Heater
        • Removal and Installation
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
    • Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Adjustments
        • Drive Belt
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Drive Belt Routing (2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (3.0L)
      • Trouble Shooting
      • Cooling System Specifications
  • Exhaust System - 2.0L
    • Exhaust System
      • Notes
      • Three Way Catalytic Converter (TWC)
        • Notes
        • Precautions
      • Sound Insulators and Shields
    • Muffler And Tailpipe
    • Catalytic Converter - 2.0L ZETEC
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Exhaust Manifold
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Exhaust Manifold - Inspection
  • Fuel System
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Lubrication System
    • Lubrication - 2.0L
      • Oil Level Indicator And Tube
        • Removal and Installation
      • Oil Pressure Sender
        • Removal and Installation
      • Oil Cooler
        • Removal and Installation
      • Oil Pan
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Oil Pump Screen And Pickup Tube
        • Removal and Installation
  • Engine Mechanical - 2.0L
    • Engine Identification
    • Description & Operation
      • Engine
      • Accessory Drive
      • Accessory Drive Belt
        • Removal & Installation
      • Accessory Drive Belt TENSIONER
        • Removal & Installation
      • Accessory Drive Belt Idler Pulley
        • Removal & Installation
      • Valve Cover
        • Removal & Installation
      • Valve - Valve Clearance, Adjust
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Valve Tappets
        • Removal
      • Valve - Valve Spring, Valve Spring Retainer And Valve Stem Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Crankshaft Pulley
        • Removal & Installation
      • Crankshaft Front Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal
      • Removal
      • Installation
      • Timing Belt Cover - Upper And Lower
        • Removal & Installation
      • Timing Belt
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Timing Drive Components - Timing Sprockets
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Engine Mount
        • Removal & Installation
      • Camshaft Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Camshafts
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Cylinder Head
      • Removal
      • Installation
      • Disassembly
      • Assembly
    • Engine Removal
      • Engine - Manual Transaxle
        • Removal
    • Engine Disassembly
      • Disassembly
    • Piston - Pin Connecting Rod Assembly, Press Fit
      • Disassembly
      • Assembly
      • Valve Tappet - LEAKDOWN Test, Hydraulic
      • Valve Tappet - Inspection
    • Engine Reassembly
      • Assembly
    • Engine Installation
      • Engine - Manual Transaxle
        • Installation
    • Flywheel
      • Removal
    • Mechanical - General Inspection
      • Accessory Drive
        • Inspection & Verification
      • Component Tests
        • Belt Tensioner - Mechanical
        • Belt Tensioner - Dynamic
      • Valve - Spring Free Length
      • Valve - Spring Strength
      • Valve - Spring Squareness
      • Valve - Inspection
      • Valve - Stem Diameter
      • Valve - Guide Inner Diameter
      • Valve - Seat Inspection
        • Valve & Seat Refacing Measurements
      • Valve - Seat Width
      • Valve - Seat RUNOUT
      • Valve - Spring Installed Length
      • Valve - Stem To Valve Guide Clearance
      • Connecting Rod - Cleaning
      • Connecting Rod - Twist
      • Connecting Rod - Bend
      • Connecting Rod - Large End Bore
      • Connecting Rod - Bushing Diameter
      • Connecting Rod - Bearing Journal Clearance
      • Piston - Inspection
      • Piston - Selection
      • Piston - Diameter
      • Piston - To Cylinder Bore Clearance
      • Piston - Ring End Gap
      • Piston - Ring-To-Groove Clearance
      • Piston - Pin Diameter
      • Piston - Pin To Bore Diameter
      • Camshaft - Lobe Surface
      • Camshaft - Lobe Lift
      • Camshaft Journal - Diameter
      • Camshaft - RUNOUT
      • Camshaft Journal - Clearance, PLASTIGAGE Method
      • Camshaft - End Play, OHC Engines
      • Crankshaft - Connecting Rod Journal Taper, Out Of Round
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Taper
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Diameter
      • Crankshaft - RUNOUT
      • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Clearance
      • Crankshaft - End Play
      • Cylinder Bore - Cleaning
      • Cylinder Bore - Out-Of-Round
      • Cylinder Bore - Taper
    • Torque Specifications
    • Engine Specifications
      • General Engine Specifications
      • Ignition System Specifications
      • Cooling System Specifications
      • Fuel System Specifications
    • Special Tools
  • Starter
    • Starting System
      • Starting System
      • Starter Drive And Flywheel Ring Gear Inspection
      • Starter Motor - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Starter Motor - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
  • Timing Belt Replacement - 2.0L - DOHC
    • Manufacturer's Suggested Scheduled Maintenance
    • Removal & Installation
      • Removal
      • Installation
    • Torque Specifications
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Controls [On-Vehicle Adjustments]
    • Engine Mechanical
      • Notes
      • Valve Adjustment
        • Notes
        • B2300
        • Mazda6 (2.3L)
        • Miata, Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute (2.0L)
    • Crankshaft Position Sensor
      • Notes
      • MAZDA6 (2.3L)
      • MIATA
    • Ignition Timing
      • Notes
      • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
      • MIATA, Protege & Protege5
      • MPV
    • Idle Speed & Mixture
      • Notes
      • Cold (Fast) Idle Speed
      • Idle Speed
        • Notes
        • B2300, B3000, B4000, MPV & Tribute
        • Mazda6
        • Miata, Protege & Protege5
    • Throttle Position Sensor
  • Application
    • Introduction
      • Model Coverage
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description (Except B-Series Truck & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1, 2 & 3
          • Model, Body Style, Engine & Restraint Code - Positions 4, 5, 6, 7, & 8
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 9
          • Model Year Code - Position 10
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 11
          • Production Sequence Number - Positions 12-17
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description (B-Series Truck & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) & Restraint Type Code - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
      • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
      • Engine Code Location
  • Emissions
    • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
      • EGR Function Testing - MAZDA
        • Test 1
          • Piston Engines (W/Single Or Dual EGR Valves)
          • Modulator Valve
          • Vacuum Amplifier
        • Test 2
          • Rotary Engine
          • EGR Solenoid Valve
        • Test 3
          • MX-3 DOHC, MX-6 2.5L, 626 2.5L & 929
          • MX-6 2.0L & 626 2.0L
          • RX7
        • Test 4
          • System Check
          • EGR Valve
        • Test 5
    • Emission Applications
      • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Ignition System
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Mode 6 - 1999-2023 MAZDA
    • Introduction
    • B-Series Pickup
      • 1999
      • 2000-2010
    • CX-3
      • 2016-22
    • CX-30
      • 2020-23
    • CX-5
      • 2013
      • 2014-16
      • 2017-23
    • CX-7
      • 2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010-12
    • CX-9
      • 2007-10
      • 2011-13
      • 2014
      • 2015
      • 2016-23
    • MIATA
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002-2003
      • 2004-2005
      • 2006
      • 2007-08
      • 2009
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014
      • 2015
      • 2016-23
    • MILLENIA
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002
    • MPV
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002-2004
      • 2005-2006
    • Protege
      • 2000
      • 2001-2002
      • 2003
    • RX-8
      • 2004
      • 2005
      • 2006-2009
      • 2010-11
    • Tribute
      • 2001-2006
    • MAZDA2
      • 2011-12
      • 2013
      • 2014
      • 2017-18
    • MAZDA3
      • 2004-2005
      • 2006-2009
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014-18
      • 2019-23
    • MAZDA5
      • 2006-2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010
      • 2012
      • 2013
      • 2014-17
    • MAZDA6
      • 2003-2004
      • 2005
      • 2006
      • 2007
      • 2008-09
      • 2010-12
      • 2013
      • 2014-17
      • 2018-21
    • 626
      • 1999
      • 2000
      • 2001
      • 2002
  • Engine Controls [Pin Voltage Charts]
    • Introduction
    • Test Procedures
      • Notes
      • Pin Voltage Testing
        • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
        • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
      • PID Value Testing
      • Powertrain Control Module Location
    • Pin Voltage & PID Value Charts
      • Pin Voltage & PID Value Chart Index
      • Wire Color Identification
      • Pin Voltage Charts
        • Notes
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (B2300)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (B3000)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (B4000)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Miata)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (MPV)
        • PCM Pin Voltage Chart (Protege & Protege5)
      • PID Value Charts
        • Notes
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (B2300)
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (B3000 A/T)
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (B4000 A/T)
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (B3000 & B4000 M/T)
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Generic PCM PID Value Chart (Tribute 3.0L)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B2300)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B3000 A/T)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B3000 M/T)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B4000 A/T)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (B4000 M/T)
        • PCM PID Value Chart (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • PCM PID Value Chart (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • PCM PID Value Chart (Miata)
        • PCM PID Value Chart (MPV)
        • PCM PID Value Chart (Protege & Protege5)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (Tribute 2.0L)
        • PCM PID Input Value Chart (Tribute 3.0L)
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Sensor Range Charts
    • Engine Controls [Sensor Operating Range Charts]
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
        • Knock Sensor
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls [Service & Adjustment Specifications]
      • Introduction
      • Capacities
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
        • Valve Clearance
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • High Tension Wire Resistance
          • Notes
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6 (2.3L)
          • Miata
          • Protege & Protege5
        • Spark Plugs
        • Firing Order
          • Notes
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (B2300)
          • Firing Order & Coil Pack (B3000 & B4000)
          • Firing Order (MPV & Tribute 3.0L Engine)
          • Firing Order & Coils (Miata, Protege & Protege5)
        • Ignition Timing
        • Ignition Wire Routing
          • Notes
          • Ignition Wire Routing (B2300 & Tribute 2.0L)
          • Ignition Wire Routing (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Ignition Wire Routing (Miata 1.8L, Protege & Protege5 2.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pump
        • Injector Resistance
        • Idle Speed & Mixture
        • Throttle Position Sensor
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • Rotary Engine
        • 6 Cylinder Engine
        • V6 Engine
          • 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3) V6 Engines
          • All Others (Including Tribute) Except 2.3L, 2.5L (VIN D & 1), 3.0L (VIN 2 & 3)
  • System
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Brake On/Off Test
          • Communication Error
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Freeze Frame Data
          • KOEO & KOER Self-Test
          • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
          • Pass Codes
          • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
          • Transaxle Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
          • Visual Check
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Quick Test
          • Notes
          • Using World Diagnostic System (WDS) Or Equivalent Scan Tool
        • Intermittent Diagnostics
        • Clearing Codes
          • Notes
          • PCM Reset Procedure
        • Keep Alive Ram Reset Procedure
      • Drive Cycle Procedures
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Recommendations
          • Vehicle Preparation
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Fuel Or Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Test Equipment
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • DTC P0040, DTC P0041, DTC P1128 Or DTC P1129
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0102, DTC P0103, DTC P1100 & DTC P1101
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • DTC P0112, DTC P0113, DTC P0116, DTC P0117, DTC P0118, DTC P0125, DTC P0128, DTC P0298, DTC P1112, DTC P1116, DTC P1117, DTC P1285, DTC P1288, DTC P1289, DTC P1290 Or DTC P1299
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0121, DTC P0122, DTC P0123, DTC P1120, DTC P1121, DTC P1124 Or DTC P1125
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0131 Or DTC P0151
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0133, P0138, P0152 Or DTC P0153
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0135, DTC P0141, DTC P0155 Or DTC P0161
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0136, DTC P0156, DTC P1137, DTC P1138, DTC P1157, DTC P1158, DTC P2270, DTC P2271, DTC P2272, Or DTC P2273
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0171 Or DTC P0174
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0172 Or DTC P0175
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0201, DTC P0202, DTC P0203, DTC P0204, DTC P0205 Or DTC P0206
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0230, DTC P0231, DTC P0232 Or DTC P1641
          • Notes
          • Detection Conditions
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0300, DTC P0301, DTC P0302, DTC P0303, DTC P0304, DTC P0305, DTC P0306, DTC P0315 Or DTC P0316
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0320: Crankshaft Position Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0325 Or DTC P0326
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0340 Or DTC P1336
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0350: Ignition Coil Primary Circuit - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0351, DTC P0352, DTC P0353, DTC P0354, DTC P0355 Or DTC P0356
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0401 Or DTC P1408
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0402: EGR System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0403 Or DTC P1409
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0405, DTC P0406, DTC P1405 Or DTC P1406
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0420 Or DTC P0430
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0442 Or DTC P0456
          • Notes
          • Detection Conditions
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0443: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0451 Or DTC P0461
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0455 Or DTC P1443
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0457: EVAP System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0460
        • DTC P0481, DTC P1474, DTC P1477 Or DTC P1479
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0505, DTC P0506, DTC P1504 Or DTC P1507
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0552, P0553, P1550, P1650 Or DTC P1651
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0602: Pcm - Control Module Programming Error
        • DTC P0603, DTC P0605, DTC P0606, DTC P1605, DTC P1633 Or DTC P1639
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0622, DTC P1244, DTC P1245 Or DTC P1246
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0645 Or DTC P1460
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0703, DTC P1572 Or DTC P1703
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0704 Or DTC P1709
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1000: OBD-II Drive Cycle - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1001 Or DTC Not Listed: Data Link Connector - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1127: Ho2S Heater(S)
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1130 Or DTC P1150
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1131, DTC P1151, DTC P2195, DTC P2196, DTC P2197 Or DTC P2198
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1132 Or DTC P1152
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1260: Anti-Theft System
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1270: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1309: Misfire Detection Monitor - Disabled
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1400 Or DTC P1401
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1450: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1451: Canister Vent Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1461, DTC P1462 Or DTC P1463:
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1464: A/C Control Signal - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1469: Frequent A/C Compressor Clutch Cycling
        • DTC P1506: Idle Air Control System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1565, DTC P1566, DTC P1567 Or DTC P1568
        • DTC P1635: Pcm Programming - Malfunction
        • DTC P1780: Transaxle Control Switch - Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Reference Voltage
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Intermittent
        • Fuel Delivery System
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System
        • Pcm Power Relay
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Pump Inspection
        • Fuel Line/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
        • Fuel Injector Inspection
        • EGR Valve
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Inspection
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
        • No Start
        • Ignition Scope Test
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuits
          • Power Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor - B2300 & Tribute 2.0L
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor - B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Voltage Inspection (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
        • Transaxle/Transmission Range Sensor (A/T)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Fuel Pump Relay
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • With Fuel Pressure Gauge (Except Tribute 2.0L)
          • Without Fuel Pressure Gauge (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • System Integrity Check
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Resistance
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Ignition Systems
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Ignition Coil Packs
        • Integrated Ignition Coils
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Exhaust Catalyst
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
          • EGR Valve
        • Fuel Evaporative System
          • Canister Vent Control Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
          • EVAP Canister
          • Canister Vent Control Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • System Tests (Evaporative Emission)
        • Notes
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
          • Notes
          • Except Tribute
          • Tribute
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Except Tribute
          • Tribute
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • A/C Clutch
          • A/C Clutch Relay
        • Cooling Fan
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - With & Without Codes
      • Foreword
      • Engine OBD II Monitors
        • Notes
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor - Federal Test Procedure
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Vapor Management Flow System Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Running Loss System Monitor
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System Monitor - Differential Pressure Feedback EGR
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Monitor
        • Misfire Detection Monitor
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
      • Electronic Engine Control (EEC) System
        • Overview
        • Modifications to OBD II Vehicles
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Multiplexing
          • Standard Corporate Protocol
          • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
          • Idle Air Trim
          • Fuel Trim
          • Failure Mode Effects Management
          • Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
        • Powertrain Control Hardware
          • Generic Electronic Module
          • Keep Alive Random Access Memory (RAM)
          • Hardware Limited Operation Strategy (HLOS)
          • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
        • Power and Ground Signals
          • Vehicle Power
          • Vehicle REFERENCE Voltage
          • Mass Air Flow Return
          • Signal Return
          • Power Ground
          • Gold Plated Pins
        • Fuel Systems
          • Mechanical Returnless Fuel System
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation Systems
          • Overview
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR System
        • Evaporative Emissions System Outline
          • Overview
        • Intake Air Systems
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System Overview
        • Catalyst and Exhaust Systems Overview
        • Communication Error
        • Vehicle Check/Preparation
          • Visual Checks
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Intermittent Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • Re-creating the Fault
            • Notes
            • Conditions To Re-Create Fault
          • Accumulating PCM Data
          • Analyzing Data From Playback of Stored PIDs
          • Comparing PCM Data
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results
            • Notes
            • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Tables
              • Notes
              • Example:
        • On-Board System Readiness
          • Description
        • Freeze Frame Data
          • Description
        • Output Test Mode
          • Description
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Reset
          • Description
          • Resetting Keep Alive Random Access Memory (RAM)
      • On-Board Diagnostic Tests - NGS Tester
        • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
          • Notes
          • System Pass
        • Key ON, Engine OFF (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
        • Key ON Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Notes
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
        • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
        • Brake On/Off Test
        • Transmission Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
        • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test - New Generation Star (NGS) Tester Hook-Up Procedure
        • Retrieving DTCs Procedure
        • Retrieve/Clear Continuous DTC Self-Test Procedure
        • Key ON Engine OFF Self-Test Procedure
        • Key ON Engine Running Self-Test Procedure
        • After Repair Procedure
        • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
        • Playback of Stored PIDs Procedure
        • Output Test Mode Procedure
      • On-Board Diagnostic Tests - WDS
        • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
        • System Pass
        • Key ON, Engine OFF (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
        • Key ON Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Notes
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
          • Brake On/Off Test
          • Transmission Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
          • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test
          • DTCs Reading Procedure
          • Pending Trouble Code Access Procedure
          • Freeze Frame PID Data Access Procedure
          • On-Board System Readiness Tests Access Procedure
          • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Access Procedure
            • Notes
            • After Repair Procedure [Kl]
      • Drive Cycle
        • Description of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • Fuel or Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Numbers
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Application Chart
      • Pcm Quick Test
      • P0031, P0130, P0131, P0150, P0151: Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • DTC P0038, P0044, P0132, P0133, P0138, P0144, P0152, P0153, P0154: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • DTC P0032, P0051, P0052, P0057, P0058, P0134, P0135, P0141, P0155, P0161, P1135, P1136, P1141, P1142, P1153, P1154, P1169, P1170: Ho2S Heater Circuit
      • DTC P0037, P0043, P0136, P0140, P0142, P0146, P0147, P0156, P0157, P0158, P0160, P1133, P1134, P1137, P1138, P1143, P1144, P1157, P1158, P2270, P02271, P2272, P2273: Ho2S
      • DTC P0100, P0102, P0103, P1100, P1101, P1102, P1103, P1793: Mass Air Flow (MAF/IAT) Sensor
      • DTC P0110, P0111, P0112, P0113, P0115, P0117, P0118, P0125, P0128, P0298, P1110, P1112, P1113, P1116, P1117, P1285, P1288, P1289, P1290, P1299, P1798: IAT & ECT /CHT Sensors
      • DTC P0120, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0510, P1120, P1121, P1122, P1123, P1124, P1125, P1126, P1771, P1772, P1791: TP Sensor Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P0170, P0171, P0173, P0174: Adaptive Fuel Control
      • DTC P0172, P0175: Adaptive Fuel Control
      • DTC P0201, P0202, P0203, P0204, P0205, P0206: Fuel Injector Malfunction
      • DTC P0230, P0231, P0232, P1645: Fuel Pump (FP) Primary Or Secondary Circuit
      • DTC P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305, P0306, P0315, P0316: Misfire Detection Monitor
      • DTC P0320, P0335, P0336: Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0325, P0326, P0327, P0328, P0330: Knock Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0340, P0341, P1336, P1345, P1382, P1387: Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) Malfunction
      • DTC P0350, P1364: Ignition Coil Primary Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P0651, P0352, P0353, P0354, P0355, P0356: Integrated Ignition Coil 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Or 6 Failure
      • DTC P0400, P0401, P0404, P0408: EGR System Malfunction
      • DTC P0402: EGR System Malfunction
      • DTC P0420, P0421, P0430, P0431: Catalyst Efficiency Monitor Malfunction
      • DTC P0442, P0456: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System Malfunction
      • DTC P0440, P0441, P0443, P0444, P0445, P0446: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0451, P0461: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0450, P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0455, P1439,P1443, P1446, P1449, P1455, P14556, P1457: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0457: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0505, P0506, P0507, P1251, P1504, P1505, P1507, P1508, P1509, P1510, P1511, P1525, P1526, P1527, P1528, P1540, P1652: IAC Valve Assembly Malfunction
      • DTC P0605, P0606, P0614, P1562, P1600, P1601, P1602, P1603, P1604, P1605, P1608, P1609, P1621, P1622, P1623, P1633, P1639: Pcm Malfunction
      • DTC P0571, P0703, P1572, P1703: Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P0704, P1708, P1709, P1797: Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P1000: OBD II Drive Cycle Malfunction
      • DTC P1001: Data Link Connector Malfunction
      • DTC P1127: Ho2S Heater(S)
      • DTC P1128: Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Signals
      • DTC P1130, P1150, P1173: Fuel System Not Switching At Fuel Trim (Rich Or Lean)
      • DTC P1131, P1151, P2195, P2196, P1697, P2198: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Not Switching
      • DTC P1132, P1152: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Not Switching
      • DTC P0622, P1246, P1630, P1631, P1634: Generator/Regulator System Malfunction
      • DTC P1260: Anti-Theft System
      • DTC P1270: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
      • DTC P1309: Misfire Detection Monitor Disabled
      • DTC P1400, P1401, P1402, P1407, P1485, P1486, P1487, P1496, P1497, P1498, P1499: DPFEGR Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0405, P0406, P1405, P1406: Differential Pressure Feedback (DPFEGR) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0403, P1409, P1412: EGR Vacuum Regulator (EGRVR) Solenoid Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P1450: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor & System
      • DTC P1451: Canister Vent (CV) Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0645, P1460: A/C Clutch Relay (ACCR) Malfunction
      • DTC P1464, P1465: A/C Control Signal (ACCS) Malfunction
      • DTC P1461, P1462, P1463: A/C Pressure Sensor (ACP) Malfunction
      • DTC P0481, P1473-P1477, P1479, P1480, P1481: Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • DTC P1506: Idle Air Control (IAC) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0551, P0552, P0553, P1650, P1651: Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P1780: Transaxle Control Switch (TCS) Or Transaxle Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Circuit Malfunction
      • Diagnostic Index
      • Starting Concerns
      • Hard Start / Long Crank / Erratic Start / Erratic Crank
      • Cranks Normal But Will Not Start
      • Unique Idle Concern
      • Fast Idle
      • Low Idle / Stalls During Deceleration
      • Engine Poor DRIVEABILITY
      • Backfires
      • Lack / Loss Of Power
      • Knocking / Pinging
      • Poor Fuel Economy
      • Emission Compliance
      • Mil/TCIL Never On And Mil/TCIL Always On
      • Exhaust System Concerns
      • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
      • Engine Noise
      • Exhaust Sulfur Smell
      • All Supported On Board System Readiness Tests Not Completed
      • Fuel Pump Always On
      • Engine Inspection
      • Engine
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Engine Oil Leaks
          • Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
        • Compression Test
          • General Remarks
          • Check The Compression Pressure
          • Interpretation of the Results
        • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
        • Oil Consumption Test
        • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
          • Notes
          • Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
      • Evaporative Emission System
        • Evaporative Emission System
          • Duratec Engine
          • Zetec Engine
        • Principles of Operation
          • Fuel Filler Cap
          • Fuel Vapor Recirculation Tube (Duratec engine only)
          • Fuel Vapor Control Valve (Duratec engine only)
          • Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Valve
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Check Valve
          • Dust Separator
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve (FVV) Assembly
          • Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve
          • Evaporative Emission System Monitor
          • EVAP Running Loss System Leak Test
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Evaporative Emission System Leak Test
      • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
      • Acceleration Control
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Charging System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Functionality (Duratec engine only)
          • Battery Positive Output Circuit (B+) 36 (Y/W)
          • I Circuit (LG/R)
          • A Circuit (B/Y)
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Battery - Load Test
          • Battery - Electronic Drains Which Shut Off When the Battery Cable is Disconnected
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests - Load Test
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests - No Load Test
      • Battery
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Starting System
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
          • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit Test
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Drive Belts
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Cooling System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Coolant
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Engine Overheats
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Block Heater Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Electric Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • 2.0L ZETEC Fan Diagnosis Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Power
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fueling
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Hiss When Opening Fuel Cap
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Unable To Refuel (ORVR)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Accelerator
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Charging System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Battery Is Discharged Or Voltage Is Low
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running (The System Voltage Does Not Increase)
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running (The System Voltage Does Not Increase) - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The System Overcharges (Battery Voltage Is Greater Than 15.5 Volts)
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The System Overcharges (Battery Voltage Greater Than 15.5 Volts) - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running And The Battery Increase Voltage
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running The System Increases Voltage - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With The Ignition Switch In The Run Position And The Engine Off
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With The Ignition Switch In The Run Position And The Engine Is Off - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 10: The Charging System Warning Indicator Flickers Or Is Intermittent
        • Pinpoint Test 11: The Charging System Warning Indicator Lamp Flickers Or Is Intermittent - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 12: The Generator Is Noisy
        • Pinpoint Test 13: Radio Interference
        • Pinpoint Test 14: Battery Condition Test
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Starting System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Engine Does Not Crank Or The Relay Clicks
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Unusual Starter Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Cruise Control
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Speed Control Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Set Speed Fluctuates
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Brakes Are Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Clutch Is Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Coast
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Set/ACCL
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Resume
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Off
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Speed Control Indicator Lamp Is Always On
      • Powertrain Control Module Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Module/Network Communication - SCP Link
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Unable To Enter Self - Test
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Symptom Troubleshooting
      • General Test Index
      • Test 1: Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
      • Test 2: Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)
      • Test 3: Intermittent
      • Test 4: Fuel Delivery System
      • Test 5: Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
      • Test 6: Pcm Power Relay
      • Test 7: Fuel Pressure Regulator
      • Test 8: Fuel Pump Inspection
      • Test 9: Fuel Line/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
      • Test 10: Fuel Injector Inspection
      • Test 11: EGR Valve
      • Test 12: EGR Vacuum Regulator (EGRVR) Solenoid Inspection
      • Test 13: Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor
      • Test 14: No Start
      • Test 15: Ignition Scope Test
    • Engine Controls [Basic Diagnostic Procedures]
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • No Start Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Crank
        • Engine Cranks But Will Not Start
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure Release
          • Notes
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Pressure (Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Mazda6)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Protege & Protege5)
          • After Repair Procedure
        • Fuel Pressure (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Fuel Leakage Inspection
          • Fuel Delivery System
          • Fuel Line Pressure/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection (Tribute Only)
        • Fuel Pump Operation
          • Fuel Pump Inspection (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pump Hold Pressure Inspection (Mazda6)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (Protege & Protege5)
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Spark Check
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Spark Check
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls [Trouble Shooting - No Codes]
      • Introduction
      • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • A/C Always On Or Compressor Runs Continuously
        • A/C Does Not Turn Off During Wide Open Throttle (Wot)
        • A/C Does Not Work Sufficiently
        • Cooling System Concerns - Overheating
        • Cooling System Concerns - Runs Cold
        • Cranks Normally But Will Not Start
        • Engine Noise
        • Engine Stalls, Quits, Runs Rough, Misses, Bucks, Jerks, Hesitates, Stumbles Or Surges During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Engine Runs Rough Or Rolling Idle
        • Engine Stalls At Idle Or Just After Starting
        • Engine Vibration
        • Exhaust Smoke
        • Exhaust Sulphur (Rotten Egg) Smell
        • Fails Emissions Test
        • Fast Idle Or Run-On
        • Fuel Does Not Shut Off Properly
        • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
        • Hard To Start, Long Crank, Erratic Crank Or Erratic Start
        • Knocking Or Pinging During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Lack Or Loss Of Power During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Low Idle Or Stalls During Deceleration
        • Mil Illuminated Incorrectly
        • Oil Consumption Excessive
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Slow Return To Idle
        • Spark Plug Condition
        • Will Not Crank
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Engine Controls - Self-Diagnostics
      • Introduction
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • On-Board Diagnostics
          • Brake On/Off Test
          • Communication Error
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Freeze Frame Data
          • KOEO & KOER Self-Test
          • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
          • Pass Codes
          • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
          • Transaxle Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
        • Retrieving Diagnostic Trouble Codes
          • Visual Check
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Quick Test
          • Notes
          • Using World Diagnostic System (WDS) Or Equivalent Scan Tool
        • Intermittent Diagnostics
        • Clearing Codes
          • Notes
          • PCM Reset Procedure
        • Keep Alive Ram Reset Procedure
      • Drive Cycle Procedures
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Recommendations
          • Vehicle Preparation
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Fuel Or Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Powertrain Control Module Location
      • Test Equipment
      • Summary
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Definitions
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Notes
        • DTC P0040, DTC P0041, DTC P1128 Or DTC P1129
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0102, DTC P0103, DTC P1100 & DTC P1101
          • Notes
          • Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • DTC P0112, DTC P0113, DTC P0116, DTC P0117, DTC P0118, DTC P0125, DTC P0128, DTC P0298, DTC P1112, DTC P1116, DTC P1117, DTC P1285, DTC P1288, DTC P1289, DTC P1290 Or DTC P1299
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0121, DTC P0122, DTC P0123, DTC P1120, DTC P1121, DTC P1124 Or DTC P1125
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0131 Or DTC P0151
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0133, P0138, P0152 Or DTC P0153
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0135, DTC P0141, DTC P0155 Or DTC P0161
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0136, DTC P0156, DTC P1137, DTC P1138, DTC P1157, DTC P1158, DTC P2270, DTC P2271, DTC P2272, Or DTC P2273
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0171 Or DTC P0174
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0172 Or DTC P0175
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0201, DTC P0202, DTC P0203, DTC P0204, DTC P0205 Or DTC P0206
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0230, DTC P0231, DTC P0232 Or DTC P1641
          • Notes
          • Detection Conditions
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0300, DTC P0301, DTC P0302, DTC P0303, DTC P0304, DTC P0305, DTC P0306, DTC P0315 Or DTC P0316
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0320: Crankshaft Position Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0325 Or DTC P0326
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0340 Or DTC P1336
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0350: Ignition Coil Primary Circuit - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0351, DTC P0352, DTC P0353, DTC P0354, DTC P0355 Or DTC P0356
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0401 Or DTC P1408
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0402: EGR System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0403 Or DTC P1409
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0405, DTC P0406, DTC P1405 Or DTC P1406
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0420 Or DTC P0430
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0442 Or DTC P0456
          • Notes
          • Detection Conditions
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0443: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0451 Or DTC P0461
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0455 Or DTC P1443
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0457: EVAP System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0460
        • DTC P0481, DTC P1474, DTC P1477 Or DTC P1479
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0505, DTC P0506, DTC P1504 Or DTC P1507
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Cause
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0552, P0553, P1550, P1650 Or DTC P1651
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0602: Pcm - Control Module Programming Error
        • DTC P0603, DTC P0605, DTC P0606, DTC P1605, DTC P1633 Or DTC P1639
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0622, DTC P1244, DTC P1245 Or DTC P1246
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0645 Or DTC P1460
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0703, DTC P1572 Or DTC P1703
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P0704 Or DTC P1709
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1000: OBD-II Drive Cycle - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1001 Or DTC Not Listed: Data Link Connector - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1127: Ho2S Heater(S)
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1130 Or DTC P1150
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1131, DTC P1151, DTC P2195, DTC P2196, DTC P2197 Or DTC P2198
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1132 Or DTC P1152
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1260: Anti-Theft System
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1270: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1309: Misfire Detection Monitor - Disabled
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1400 Or DTC P1401
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1450: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1451: Canister Vent Solenoid - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1461, DTC P1462 Or DTC P1463:
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1464: A/C Control Signal - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1469: Frequent A/C Compressor Clutch Cycling
        • DTC P1506: Idle Air Control System - Malfunction
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
        • DTC P1565, DTC P1566, DTC P1567 Or DTC P1568
        • DTC P1635: Pcm Programming - Malfunction
        • DTC P1780: Transaxle Control Switch - Malfunction
          • Notes
          • Detection Condition
          • Possible Causes
          • Diagnostic Procedures
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Reference Voltage
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
        • Intermittent
        • Fuel Delivery System
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System
        • Pcm Power Relay
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Pump Inspection
        • Fuel Line/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
        • Fuel Injector Inspection
        • EGR Valve
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid Inspection
        • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR Sensor
        • No Start
        • Ignition Scope Test
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuits
          • Power Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor - B2300 & Tribute 2.0L
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor - B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Voltage Inspection (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
        • Transaxle/Transmission Range Sensor (A/T)
        • Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Fuel Pump Relay
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • With Fuel Pressure Gauge (Except Tribute 2.0L)
          • Without Fuel Pressure Gauge (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • System Integrity Check
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Injector Leakage
          • Fuel Injector Resistance
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Valve
      • Ignition Systems
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Ignition Coil Packs
        • Integrated Ignition Coils
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Exhaust Catalyst
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
          • EGR Valve
        • Fuel Evaporative System
          • Canister Vent Control Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
          • EVAP Canister
          • Canister Vent Control Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • System Tests (Evaporative Emission)
        • Notes
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
          • Notes
          • Except Tribute
          • Tribute
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Except Tribute
          • Tribute
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • A/C Clutch
          • A/C Clutch Relay
        • Cooling Fan
    • Engine Controls - Trouble Shooting - With & Without Codes
      • Foreword
      • Engine OBD II Monitors
        • Notes
        • Catalyst Efficiency Monitor - Federal Test Procedure
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Vapor Management Flow System Monitor
        • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Running Loss System Monitor
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) System Monitor - Differential Pressure Feedback EGR
        • Fuel System Monitor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) Monitor
        • Misfire Detection Monitor
        • Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
      • Electronic Engine Control (EEC) System
        • Overview
        • Modifications to OBD II Vehicles
        • Powertrain Control Software
          • Multiplexing
          • Standard Corporate Protocol
          • Flash Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
          • Idle Air Trim
          • Fuel Trim
          • Failure Mode Effects Management
          • Engine RPM/Vehicle Speed Limiter
        • Powertrain Control Hardware
          • Generic Electronic Module
          • Keep Alive Random Access Memory (RAM)
          • Hardware Limited Operation Strategy (HLOS)
          • Integrated Electronic Ignition System
        • Power and Ground Signals
          • Vehicle Power
          • Vehicle REFERENCE Voltage
          • Mass Air Flow Return
          • Signal Return
          • Power Ground
          • Gold Plated Pins
        • Fuel Systems
          • Mechanical Returnless Fuel System
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation Systems
          • Overview
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR System
        • Evaporative Emissions System Outline
          • Overview
        • Intake Air Systems
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation System Overview
        • Catalyst and Exhaust Systems Overview
        • Communication Error
        • Vehicle Check/Preparation
          • Visual Checks
          • Vehicle Preparation
        • Intermittent Diagnostic Techniques
          • Notes
          • Re-creating the Fault
            • Notes
            • Conditions To Re-Create Fault
          • Accumulating PCM Data
          • Analyzing Data From Playback of Stored PIDs
          • Comparing PCM Data
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results
            • Notes
            • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Tables
              • Notes
              • Example:
        • On-Board System Readiness
          • Description
        • Freeze Frame Data
          • Description
        • Output Test Mode
          • Description
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Reset
          • Description
          • Resetting Keep Alive Random Access Memory (RAM)
      • On-Board Diagnostic Tests - NGS Tester
        • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
          • Notes
          • System Pass
        • Key ON, Engine OFF (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
        • Key ON Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Notes
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
        • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
        • Brake On/Off Test
        • Transmission Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
        • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test - New Generation Star (NGS) Tester Hook-Up Procedure
        • Retrieving DTCs Procedure
        • Retrieve/Clear Continuous DTC Self-Test Procedure
        • Key ON Engine OFF Self-Test Procedure
        • Key ON Engine Running Self-Test Procedure
        • After Repair Procedure
        • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
        • Playback of Stored PIDs Procedure
        • Output Test Mode Procedure
      • On-Board Diagnostic Tests - WDS
        • On-Board Diagnostic (OBD) Test Description
        • System Pass
        • Key ON, Engine OFF (KOEO) On-Demand Self-Test
        • Key ON Engine Running (KOER) On-Demand Self-Test
          • Notes
          • Continuous Memory Self-Test
          • Parameter Identification (PID) Access
          • Brake On/Off Test
          • Transmission Control (O/D OFF) Switch Test
          • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Test
        • On-Board Diagnostic Test
          • DTCs Reading Procedure
          • Pending Trouble Code Access Procedure
          • Freeze Frame PID Data Access Procedure
          • On-Board System Readiness Tests Access Procedure
          • PID/DATA Monitor and Record Procedure
          • Diagnostic Monitoring Test Results Access Procedure
            • Notes
            • After Repair Procedure [Kl]
      • Drive Cycle
        • Description of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • Fuel or Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle:
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Numbers
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Application Chart
      • Pcm Quick Test
      • P0031, P0130, P0131, P0150, P0151: Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • DTC P0038, P0044, P0132, P0133, P0138, P0144, P0152, P0153, P0154: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S)
      • DTC P0032, P0051, P0052, P0057, P0058, P0134, P0135, P0141, P0155, P0161, P1135, P1136, P1141, P1142, P1153, P1154, P1169, P1170: Ho2S Heater Circuit
      • DTC P0037, P0043, P0136, P0140, P0142, P0146, P0147, P0156, P0157, P0158, P0160, P1133, P1134, P1137, P1138, P1143, P1144, P1157, P1158, P2270, P02271, P2272, P2273: Ho2S
      • DTC P0100, P0102, P0103, P1100, P1101, P1102, P1103, P1793: Mass Air Flow (MAF/IAT) Sensor
      • DTC P0110, P0111, P0112, P0113, P0115, P0117, P0118, P0125, P0128, P0298, P1110, P1112, P1113, P1116, P1117, P1285, P1288, P1289, P1290, P1299, P1798: IAT & ECT /CHT Sensors
      • DTC P0120, P0121, P0122, P0123, P0510, P1120, P1121, P1122, P1123, P1124, P1125, P1126, P1771, P1772, P1791: TP Sensor Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P0170, P0171, P0173, P0174: Adaptive Fuel Control
      • DTC P0172, P0175: Adaptive Fuel Control
      • DTC P0201, P0202, P0203, P0204, P0205, P0206: Fuel Injector Malfunction
      • DTC P0230, P0231, P0232, P1645: Fuel Pump (FP) Primary Or Secondary Circuit
      • DTC P0300, P0301, P0302, P0303, P0304, P0305, P0306, P0315, P0316: Misfire Detection Monitor
      • DTC P0320, P0335, P0336: Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0325, P0326, P0327, P0328, P0330: Knock Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0340, P0341, P1336, P1345, P1382, P1387: Camshaft Position Sensor (CMP) Malfunction
      • DTC P0350, P1364: Ignition Coil Primary Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P0651, P0352, P0353, P0354, P0355, P0356: Integrated Ignition Coil 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, Or 6 Failure
      • DTC P0400, P0401, P0404, P0408: EGR System Malfunction
      • DTC P0402: EGR System Malfunction
      • DTC P0420, P0421, P0430, P0431: Catalyst Efficiency Monitor Malfunction
      • DTC P0442, P0456: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor And System Malfunction
      • DTC P0440, P0441, P0443, P0444, P0445, P0446: EVAP Canister Purge Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0451, P0461: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0450, P0452: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0453: Fuel Tank Pressure (Ftp) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0455, P1439,P1443, P1446, P1449, P1455, P14556, P1457: EVAP System Malfunction
      • DTC P0457: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0505, P0506, P0507, P1251, P1504, P1505, P1507, P1508, P1509, P1510, P1511, P1525, P1526, P1527, P1528, P1540, P1652: IAC Valve Assembly Malfunction
      • DTC P0605, P0606, P0614, P1562, P1600, P1601, P1602, P1603, P1604, P1605, P1608, P1609, P1621, P1622, P1623, P1633, P1639: Pcm Malfunction
      • DTC P0571, P0703, P1572, P1703: Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P0704, P1708, P1709, P1797: Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P1000: OBD II Drive Cycle Malfunction
      • DTC P1001: Data Link Connector Malfunction
      • DTC P1127: Ho2S Heater(S)
      • DTC P1128: Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Signals
      • DTC P1130, P1150, P1173: Fuel System Not Switching At Fuel Trim (Rich Or Lean)
      • DTC P1131, P1151, P2195, P2196, P1697, P2198: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Not Switching
      • DTC P1132, P1152: Upstream Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ho2S) Not Switching
      • DTC P0622, P1246, P1630, P1631, P1634: Generator/Regulator System Malfunction
      • DTC P1260: Anti-Theft System
      • DTC P1270: Engine Rpm/Vehicle Speed Limiter
      • DTC P1309: Misfire Detection Monitor Disabled
      • DTC P1400, P1401, P1402, P1407, P1485, P1486, P1487, P1496, P1497, P1498, P1499: DPFEGR Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0405, P0406, P1405, P1406: Differential Pressure Feedback (DPFEGR) Sensor Malfunction
      • DTC P0403, P1409, P1412: EGR Vacuum Regulator (EGRVR) Solenoid Circuit Malfunction
      • DTC P1450: Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Monitor & System
      • DTC P1451: Canister Vent (CV) Solenoid Malfunction
      • DTC P0645, P1460: A/C Clutch Relay (ACCR) Malfunction
      • DTC P1464, P1465: A/C Control Signal (ACCS) Malfunction
      • DTC P1461, P1462, P1463: A/C Pressure Sensor (ACP) Malfunction
      • DTC P0481, P1473-P1477, P1479, P1480, P1481: Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • DTC P1506: Idle Air Control (IAC) System Malfunction
      • DTC P0551, P0552, P0553, P1650, P1651: Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch Malfunction
      • DTC P1780: Transaxle Control Switch (TCS) Or Transaxle Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Circuit Malfunction
      • Diagnostic Index
      • Starting Concerns
      • Hard Start / Long Crank / Erratic Start / Erratic Crank
      • Cranks Normal But Will Not Start
      • Unique Idle Concern
      • Fast Idle
      • Low Idle / Stalls During Deceleration
      • Engine Poor DRIVEABILITY
      • Backfires
      • Lack / Loss Of Power
      • Knocking / Pinging
      • Poor Fuel Economy
      • Emission Compliance
      • Mil/TCIL Never On And Mil/TCIL Always On
      • Exhaust System Concerns
      • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
      • Engine Noise
      • Exhaust Sulfur Smell
      • All Supported On Board System Readiness Tests Not Completed
      • Fuel Pump Always On
      • Engine Inspection
      • Engine
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Engine Oil Leaks
          • Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
        • Compression Test
          • General Remarks
          • Check The Compression Pressure
          • Interpretation of the Results
        • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
        • Oil Consumption Test
        • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
          • Notes
          • Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
      • Evaporative Emission System
        • Evaporative Emission System
          • Duratec Engine
          • Zetec Engine
        • Principles of Operation
          • Fuel Filler Cap
          • Fuel Vapor Recirculation Tube (Duratec engine only)
          • Fuel Vapor Control Valve (Duratec engine only)
          • Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister Purge Valve
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Check Valve
          • Dust Separator
          • Evaporative Emission (EVAP) Canister
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve (FVV) Assembly
          • Fuel Filler Pipe Check Valve
          • Evaporative Emission System Monitor
          • EVAP Running Loss System Leak Test
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Evaporative Emission System Leak Test
      • Evaporative Emission Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
      • Acceleration Control
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Charging System
        • Notes
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Functionality (Duratec engine only)
          • Battery Positive Output Circuit (B+) 36 (Y/W)
          • I Circuit (LG/R)
          • A Circuit (B/Y)
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Battery - Load Test
          • Battery - Electronic Drains Which Shut Off When the Battery Cable is Disconnected
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests - Load Test
          • Generator On-Vehicle Tests - No Load Test
      • Battery
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Starting System
        • Inspection and Verification
        • Component Tests
          • Starter Motor - Motor Feed Circuit
          • Starter Motor - Ground Circuit Test
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Drive Belts
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Cooling System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Coolant
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Engine Overheats
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Block Heater Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Electric Cooling Fan Malfunction
      • 2.0L ZETEC Fan Diagnosis Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Loss Of Power
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Fueling
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Hiss When Opening Fuel Cap
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Unable To Refuel (ORVR)
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Accelerator
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Charging System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Battery Is Discharged Or Voltage Is Low
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running (The System Voltage Does Not Increase)
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running (The System Voltage Does Not Increase) - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The System Overcharges (Battery Voltage Is Greater Than 15.5 Volts)
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The System Overcharges (Battery Voltage Greater Than 15.5 Volts) - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running And The Battery Increase Voltage
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Charging System Warning Indicator Is On With The Engine Running The System Increases Voltage - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With The Ignition Switch In The Run Position And The Engine Off
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Off With The Ignition Switch In The Run Position And The Engine Is Off - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 10: The Charging System Warning Indicator Flickers Or Is Intermittent
        • Pinpoint Test 11: The Charging System Warning Indicator Lamp Flickers Or Is Intermittent - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Pinpoint Test 12: The Generator Is Noisy
        • Pinpoint Test 13: Radio Interference
        • Pinpoint Test 14: Battery Condition Test
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Starting System
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Engine Does Not Crank Or The Relay Clicks
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Unusual Starter Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Cruise Control
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Speed Control Is Inoperative
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Set Speed Fluctuates
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Brakes Are Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Clutch Is Applied
        • Pinpoint Test 5: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Coast
        • Pinpoint Test 6: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Set/ACCL
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Resume
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative - Off
        • Pinpoint Test 9: The Speed Control Indicator Lamp Is Always On
      • Powertrain Control Module Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
      • Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Module/Network Communication - SCP Link
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Unable To Enter Self - Test
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Generic Electronic Module (Gem) Symptom Troubleshooting
      • General Test Index
      • Test 1: Vehicle Reference Voltage (VREF)
      • Test 2: Malfunction Indicator Lamp (Mil)
      • Test 3: Intermittent
      • Test 4: Fuel Delivery System
      • Test 5: Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV) System
      • Test 6: Pcm Power Relay
      • Test 7: Fuel Pressure Regulator
      • Test 8: Fuel Pump Inspection
      • Test 9: Fuel Line/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
      • Test 10: Fuel Injector Inspection
      • Test 11: EGR Valve
      • Test 12: EGR Vacuum Regulator (EGRVR) Solenoid Inspection
      • Test 13: Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFE) Sensor
      • Test 14: No Start
      • Test 15: Ignition Scope Test
    • Engine Controls [Basic Diagnostic Procedures]
      • Introduction
      • Preliminary Inspection & Adjustments
        • Visual Inspection
        • Mechanical Inspection
          • Compression
          • Exhaust System Backpressure
      • No Start Diagnosis
        • Engine Does Not Crank
        • Engine Cranks But Will Not Start
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Pressure Release
          • Notes
          • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
          • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute 3.0L
        • Fuel Pressure (Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Mazda6)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Line Pressure Inspection (Protege & Protege5)
          • After Repair Procedure
        • Fuel Pressure (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Fuel Leakage Inspection
          • Fuel Delivery System
          • Fuel Line Pressure/Fuel Pressure Hold Inspection
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection (Tribute Only)
        • Fuel Pump Operation
          • Fuel Pump Inspection (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Fuel Pump Hold Pressure Inspection (Mazda6)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (Miata)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (MPV)
          • Fuel Pump Pressure Inspection (Protege & Protege5)
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator Inspection
      • Ignition Checks
        • Notes
        • Except B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Spark Check
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Ignition Coil Resistance (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Spark Check
      • Idle Speed & Ignition Timing
      • Summary
    • Engine Controls [Trouble Shooting - No Codes]
      • Introduction
      • Symptom Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • A/C Always On Or Compressor Runs Continuously
        • A/C Does Not Turn Off During Wide Open Throttle (Wot)
        • A/C Does Not Work Sufficiently
        • Cooling System Concerns - Overheating
        • Cooling System Concerns - Runs Cold
        • Cranks Normally But Will Not Start
        • Engine Noise
        • Engine Stalls, Quits, Runs Rough, Misses, Bucks, Jerks, Hesitates, Stumbles Or Surges During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Engine Runs Rough Or Rolling Idle
        • Engine Stalls At Idle Or Just After Starting
        • Engine Vibration
        • Exhaust Smoke
        • Exhaust Sulphur (Rotten Egg) Smell
        • Fails Emissions Test
        • Fast Idle Or Run-On
        • Fuel Does Not Shut Off Properly
        • Fuel Odor In Engine Compartment
        • Hard To Start, Long Crank, Erratic Crank Or Erratic Start
        • Knocking Or Pinging During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Lack Or Loss Of Power During Acceleration Or Cruise
        • Low Idle Or Stalls During Deceleration
        • Mil Illuminated Incorrectly
        • Oil Consumption Excessive
        • Poor Fuel Economy
        • Slow Return To Idle
        • Spark Plug Condition
        • Will Not Crank
      • INTERMITTENTS
        • Intermittent Problem Diagnosis
        • Test Procedures
          • Intermittent Simulation
  • Theory and Operation
    • Engine Controls [Theory & Operation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction System
        • Electronic Throttle System (MAZDA6)
        • Variable Air Duct System (MAZDA6)
        • Variable Intake-Air System (MAZDA6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System (MAZDA6 (2.3L) & MIATA)
        • Intake Manifold Communication Control (MPV)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
        • Input Devices
          • Notes
          • A/C Amplifier
          • A/C Pressure Switch
          • A/C Switch
          • Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) Sensor
          • Brake Switch
          • Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
          • Clutch Pedal Position (CPP) Switch (M/T)
          • Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature (CHT) Sensor - B2300 & Tribute 2.0L
          • Differential Pressure Feedback EGR (DPFEGR) Sensor
          • EGR Boost Sensor
          • EGR Position Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • EVAP System Leak Detection Pump - Mazda6, Miata & MPV
          • Fuel Tank Pressure (FTP) Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S)
          • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
          • Knock Sensor (KS)
          • Main Relay
          • Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
          • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor - B2300 & Mazda6 2.3L
          • Neutral Switch
          • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
          • Transaxle/Transmission Range Sensor
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
        • Output Signals
          • Notes
          • A/C Cut-Out System
          • A/C Relay
          • By-Pass Air Control Valve
          • Canister Purge Solenoid
          • EGR Valve
          • Fuel Injectors
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Vapor Vent Valve
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
          • Ignition Timing Advance Control
          • Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL)
          • Pressure Regulator Control Solenoid
          • Throttle Actuator
      • Fuel System
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pump
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Pressure Regulator Control (PRC) Solenoid
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injectors
        • Idle Speed
          • A/C Cut-Out System
          • By-Pass Air Control (BAC) Valve
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
      • Ignition Systems
        • DISTRIBUTORLESS Ignition System
          • Except Mazda6, MPV & Tribute 3.0L
          • Mazda6, MPV & Tribute 3.0L
        • Ignition Timing Control Systems
          • Ignition Timing Advance Control
          • Detonation (Knock) Retard Operation
      • Emission Systems
        • Notes
        • Deceleration Control System
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION System
        • Fuel Evaporative System (Except MAZDA6, MIATA & MPV)
          • Notes
          • Canister Purge Solenoid Valve
          • Fuel Vapor Vent (FVV) Valve System
        • Fuel Evaporative System (MAZDA6, MIATA & MPV)
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Self-Diagnostic System
        • Notes
        • Malfunction Indicator Light
      • Miscellaneous Controls
        • Notes
        • A/C Clutch Cycling Pressure Switch
        • Variable Valve Timing (MAZDA6 & MIATA)
        • Wide Open Throttle A/C Cut-Off
  • Tune-Up
    • Engine Controls [Removal & Installation]
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Air Cleaner Outlet Pipe
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Charge Air Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Intake Air System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Turbocharger
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation (From Completely Disassembled State)
        • Upper Intake Manifold
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Removal (Tribute 3.0L)
          • Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Variable Air Duct Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Intake Air Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Variable Inertia Charge System
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 - 2.3L)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Check Valve & Delay Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Shutter Valve Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Variable Tumble Control System Solenoid Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • PROGRAMING
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (MAZDA6)
          • Powertrain Control Module Configuration
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Tribute)
          • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
          • PCM Manual Programming With As-Built Data - NGS Tester
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
          • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0)
        • Catalyst Monitor Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L Zetec)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), LH)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L Duratec (4V), RH)
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal (B2300)
          • Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
        • Engine Control System
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal (B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Boost Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removing & Installing (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
        • Mass Airflow Sensor/Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal (B3000)
          • Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal (Miata)
          • Installation (Miata)
          • Removal (MPV)
          • Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Cooling System
        • Cooling System Bleeding
          • B2300
          • B3000
          • B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute
      • Ignition System
        • Ignition Coil Pack
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
      • Fuel System
        • Notes
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
          • B2300, B3000 & B4000
          • Mazda6
          • Miata
          • MPV
          • Protege & Protege5
          • Tribute (2.0L)
          • Tribute (3.0L)
        • Fuel Filter Location
        • Fuel Filter Replacement
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (B-Series Pickup)
          • Removal & Installation (Millenia)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (MX-5 Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (B2300, B3000, B4000 & Tribute)
          • Disconnect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Connect (Spring Lock Coupling)
          • Disconnect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Connect (R-Clip Fitting)
          • Disconnect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Connect (Vapor Tube Fitting - Push Release)
          • Disconnect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
          • Connect (Vacuum Tube Fitting - Pinch Release)
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MAZDA6, MPV, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Line Connectors (MIATA)
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Pump
          • Removal (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal & Installation (B2300)
          • Removal & Installation (B3000)
          • Removal & Installation (B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 3.0L & MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 2.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute 3.0L)
        • Fuel Tank (Tribute)
          • Notes
          • Removal and Installation (Tribute)
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (B2300, B3000 & B4000)
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
          • Removal & Installation (MPV)
          • Removal & Installation (Protege & Protege 5)
          • Removal & Installation (Tribute)
      • Variable Valve Timing System
        • Oil Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 2.3L)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
        • Variable Valve Timing Actuator
          • Removal & Installation (Mazda6 2.3L & Miata)
          • Removal (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Installation (Mazda6 3.0L)
          • Removal & Installation (Miata)
      • Torque Specifications
        • B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • MAZDA6 2.3L & 3.0L
        • MIATA
        • MPV
        • Protege & Protege5
        • Tribute 2.0L & 3.0L
  • Vacuum Diagrams
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • B2300
      • B3000
      • B4000
      • MAZDA6
      • MIATA
      • MPV
      • Protege
      • Tribute
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures
    • Introduction
    • Powertrain Control Module
      • Notes
      • Configuration Procedure - MAZDA6
      • Programming Procedure - B2300, B3000 & B4000
        • VID Block & As Built Data For A Replacement PCM
      • Programming Procedure - Tribute
        • Retrieving Data From Original PCM & Restoring Data To New Or Different PCM - NGS Tester
        • PCM Manual Programming With As Built Data - NGS Tester
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 1)
        • Powertrain Control Module Programming - WDS Tester (Procedure 2)
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Drive Cycles
      • Notes
      • 1996: 626, MX-6
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: B2300, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • 1996: MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1997: 626 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MX-6 (2.0L M/T, 2.5L), MILLENIA, MPV, MX-5 MIATA, Protege & 1998: MILLENIA, MPV, Protege & 1999-2000: MILLENIA, MX-5 MIATA
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
          • Notes
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 1
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 2
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 3
          • Drive Cycle-Mode 4
      • 1997: 626 (2.0L A/T), MX-6 (2.0L A/T)
        • Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 1997: B2300, B4000
        • Preparation
        • Drive Mode
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Fuel Monitor, Oxygen Sensor Monitor or Oxygen Sensor Heater Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 1998: 626, B2500, B3000, B4000
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Vehicle Preparation For OBD-II Or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Running Loss System Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Fuel Monitor Or HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • Secondary Air Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999-2000: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Verification Drive Cycle
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Preparation For Drive Cycles
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
        • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Comprehensive Component Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • EVAP System Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • HO2S Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Misfire Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
          • Catalyst Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • 1999: Protege
        • OBDII Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 (PCM adaptive memory produce drive mode)
          • Mode 2 (EGR system repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 3 HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC repair verification drive mode)
          • Mode 4 (EVAP system repair verification drive mode)
      • 2000: B2500, B3000, B4000
        • Description Of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2000: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2000: Protege
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Verification)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Verification)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Verification)
      • 2001-02: 626
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Standard Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: B2300, B2500, B3000, B4000, Tribute
        • Notes
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Description
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedures
      • 2001: MILLENIA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2001: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2001: Protege
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Drive Mode
        • EGR Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S/TWC Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP Monitor Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-09: B2300, B3000, B4000 & 2002-06: Tribute
        • OBD-II Drive Cycle
          • Notes
          • OBD-II Drive Cycle Procedure
      • 2002: MILLENIA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1: PCM Adaptive Memory Procedure
        • Mode 2: EGR System Repair Verification
        • Mode 3: HO2S & TWC Repair Verification
        • Mode 4: EVAP System Repair Verification
      • 2002-03: MPV
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 6 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: MX-5 MIATA
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
        • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2002-03: Protege, Protege5
        • OBD-II Drive Mode Description
        • Drive Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory
        • Drive Mode 2 - EGR Monitor Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 3 - HO2S, HO2S Heater & TWC Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification
        • Drive Mode 5 - EVAP System Very Small Leak Repair Verification
      • 2003: MAZDA6
        • OBD-II Drive Modes
          • Notes
          • Mode 1 - PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode
          • Mode 2 - EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 3 - HO2S Heater, HO2S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
          • Mode 4 - EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-06: MAZDA3 & 2006: MAZDA5 & 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • Mazda3: Except for California emission regulation applicable model & Mazda5
          • Mazda3: California emission regulation applicable model
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2004-05: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Mode 3: 2004 (H02S Heater, H02S & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T)): 2005 All Engines
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (3.0L Cal: AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T) Only)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, H02S Heater, H02S, TWC & EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (2.3L & 3.0L Cal: Except For AJ57EM060AJV5010 (M/T), AJ58EM060AJVN010 (A/T))
      • 2004: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, & TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (Pcm Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, Ho2S Heater, Ho2S, TWC, & EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2004: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-06: MPV
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode) With rear HO2S model
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • H02S Heater, H02S, and EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode Without rear HO2S model
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System Repair verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
          • With rear HO2S model
      • 2005: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 1 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode)
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 4 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System Repair Verification, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2005-08: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode (HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, AIR System and EVAP System Verification Drive Mode)
      • 2006-08: MAZDA6
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
          • Notes
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo California emission regulation applicable ATX model & V6
          • 4 Cylinder W/O Turbo Except California emission regulation applicable ATX model & 4 Cylinder W/Turbo
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo & V6)
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/O Turbo)
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode (4 Cylinder W/Turbo)
        • Single Drive Mode (PCM Adaptive Memory Produce, EGR System, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode) (V6)
      • 2006-08: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S Heater, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-09: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production Drive Mode
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-08: CX-7
        • Notes
        • EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
        • PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR, HO2S heater, HO2S, TWC, and EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode
      • 2007-10: CX-9
      • 2008-09: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (HO2S heater, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2008-09: Tribute
        • Description of OBD II Drive Cycle
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
        • Vehicle Preparation
        • OBD II Drive Cycle
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 02 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-10: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2009: CX-7
        • Notes
        • Mode 2 (EGR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 03 (A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2009-11: RX-8
        • Notes
        • Mode 3 (A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 5 (AIR System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 6 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR system, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-12: CX-7 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-13: MX-5 MIATA
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (PCM Adaptive Memory Production, EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S, and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2010-11: Tribute
        • Description
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • 2011-13: CX-9
      • 2010-13: MAZDA3 (W/O Turbo)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2012-13: MAZDA5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F sensor heater, HO2S heater, A/F sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (4 Cylinder)
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2011-13: MAZDA6 (V6)
      • 2012-13: MAZDA2
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (EGR System, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
      • 2013: CX-5
        • Notes
        • Mode 03 (Variable Valve Timing, A/F Sensor Heater, HO2S Heater, A/F Sensor, HO2S and TWC Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Mode 06 (EVAP System Repair Verification Drive Mode)
        • Single Drive Mode
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • Air Bag DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brake DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
    • Communication Device DTCS
    • Engine Performance DTCS
    • Exterior Light DTCS
    • HVAC DTCS
    • Instrument Panel DTCS
    • Security & Lock DTCS
    • Wiper/Washer DTCS
    • Window, Power DTCS
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • * Please Read This First *
      • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • Application
        • Notes
        • Introduction/Engine/VIN Id
      • Emission Applications
        • Notes
        • Emission Application Tables
      • Specifications
        • Notes
        • Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Adjustment
        • Notes
        • On-Vehicle Adjustments
      • Theory & Operation
      • Testing & Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Basic Diagnostic Procedures/Basic Testing
        • Self-Diagnostics/Tests W/Codes
        • Trouble Shooting - No Codes/Tests W/O Codes
        • System & Component Testing
      • Pin Voltage Charts
      • Sensor Range Charts
        • Notes
        • Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams - Engine Performance
        • Notes
        • 2002 & Earlier
        • 2003 & Later
  • Restraints
    • Air Bag And Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • ACURA (1988-04)
      • DAEWOO (1999-02)
      • HONDA (1991-04)
      • HYUNDAI (1994-04)
      • INFINITI (1990-04)
      • ISUZU (1990-04)
      • KIA (1995-05)
      • LEXUS (1990-04)
      • MAZDA (1990-04)
      • MITSUBISHI (1990-04)
      • NISSAN (1989-04)
      • Scion (2004)
      • SUBARU (1992-04)
      • SUZUKI (1995-04)
      • TOYOTA (1990-04)
    • Air Bag Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • ACURA
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (MDX)
          • Activating Air Bag System (MDX)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (RSX)
          • Activating Air Bag System (RSX)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (3.2CL & 3.5RL)
          • Activating Air Bag System (3.2CL & 3.5RL)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (3.2TL)
          • Activating Air Bag System (3.2TL)
      • AUDI
        • System Operation Check
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Allroad, A4, A6, A8, S4, S8 & TT
      • BMW
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • HONDA
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Accord)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Civic)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Civic)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Activating Air Bag System (CR-V, Insight, Odyssey & S2000)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Element)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Element)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Pilot)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Pilot)
      • HYUNDAI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • INFINITI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • ISUZU
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling System (Axiom, Rodeo & Rodeo Sport)
          • Activating System (Axiom, Rodeo & Rodeo Sport)
          • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint (SIR) Disabling & Enabling Zones (Ascender)
          • Disabling System (Ascender)
          • Activating System (Ascender)
      • Jaguar
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • XJR & XJ8
          • XK Series
          • J-Type
          • X-Type
      • KIA
        • System Operation Check
          • Optima, Magentis (Canadian), Sedona & Sorento
          • Rio & Spectra
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Optima, Magentis (Canadian), Sedona & Sorento
          • Rio & Spectra
      • Land Rover
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • LEXUS
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MAZDA
        • System Operation Check
          • B Series Pickup & Tribute
          • Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata & Protege
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (B Series Pickup)
          • Activating System (B Series Pickup)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Mazda6, Millenia, MPV, MX-5 Miata, Protege & Protege5)
          • Disabling System (Tribute)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Tribute)
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • MITSUBISHI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • NISSAN
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • PORSCHE
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SAAB
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUBARU
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
      • SUZUKI
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Aerio)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Aerio)
          • Disabling Air Bag System (Grand Vitara, Vitara & XL-7)
          • Activating Air Bag System (Grand Vitara, Vitara & XL-7)
      • TOYOTA
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling Air Bag System
          • Activating Air Bag System
      • VOLKSWAGEN
        • System Operation Check
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Cabrio, EuroVan, Golf, GTI, Jetta, New Beetle & Passat
      • VOLVO
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • S40 & V40
          • S60, V70, XC70, XC90 & S80 - Built After Chassis Number 29668
          • S60, V70, XC70, XC90 & S80 - Built Before Chassis Number 29668
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Specifications Index
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
    • Traction Control Disable
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Climate Control System
        • Climate Control Operation
        • Electrical Components
        • System Air Flow Description
          • Max A/C
        • A/C
        • Panel
        • Off
          • Notes
          • Panel/Floor
        • Floor
        • Floor/Defrost
        • Defrost
          • Notes
          • Vacuum Schematic
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Application Chart
      • Control Components
        • Manual A/C
        • Control System Inputs
          • Climate Control Assembly
        • Control System Outputs
          • Blower Motor Switch Resistor
          • Blower Motor Relay
          • A/C Compressor Clutch Relay
      • Air Distribution
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core Housing
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
      • Center Register Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Defroster Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Plugged
      • Heater Core Pressure Test
      • Heater Core Bench Test
      • Evaporator Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core Orifice
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Relief Valve
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Bracket
        • Removal and Installation
      • Inspection And Assembly Requirements
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Shaft Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Pressure Cutoff Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Suction Accumulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Cycling Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Manifold And Tube Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Condenser To Evaporator Line
        • Removal and Installation
    • Technical Data (HVAC)
      • Specifications
  • General Servicing
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Climate Control System
        • Climate Control Operation
        • Electrical Components
        • System Air Flow Description
          • Max A/C
        • A/C
        • Panel
        • Off
          • Notes
          • Panel/Floor
        • Floor
        • Floor/Defrost
        • Defrost
          • Notes
          • Vacuum Schematic
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Application Chart
      • Control Components
        • Manual A/C
        • Control System Inputs
          • Climate Control Assembly
        • Control System Outputs
          • Blower Motor Switch Resistor
          • Blower Motor Relay
          • A/C Compressor Clutch Relay
      • Air Distribution
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core Housing
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
      • Center Register Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Defroster Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Plugged
      • Heater Core Pressure Test
      • Heater Core Bench Test
      • Evaporator Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core Orifice
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Relief Valve
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Bracket
        • Removal and Installation
      • Inspection And Assembly Requirements
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Shaft Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Pressure Cutoff Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Suction Accumulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Cycling Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Manifold And Tube Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Condenser To Evaporator Line
        • Removal and Installation
    • Cabin Air Filter
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Cabin Air Filter
          • Removal & Installation
    • Refrigerant System - HVAC
      • Refrigerant System Warnings
      • Refrigerant Identification Testing
      • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
      • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
      • Electronic Leak Detection
      • Refrigerant System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
        • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • Notes
          • Clutch Cycling Orifice Tube Type Refrigerant System
      • Vacuum Hose Repair
      • A/C Evaporator/Condenser On-Vehicle Leak Test
      • Spring Lock Coupling
        • Disconnect
        • Cleaning
        • Connect
      • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
        • Disconnect
        • Connect
      • Tracer Dye Leak Detection
        • Notes
        • Tracer Dye Injection
      • A/C Compressor External Leak Test
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
      • Discharging And Recovery
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Evacuation And Charging
      • Refrigerant Oil Adding
      • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
    • Technical Data (HVAC)
      • Specifications
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Basic System (HVAC)
      • Climate Control System
        • Climate Control Operation
        • Electrical Components
        • System Air Flow Description
          • Max A/C
        • A/C
        • Panel
        • Off
          • Notes
          • Panel/Floor
        • Floor
        • Floor/Defrost
        • Defrost
          • Notes
          • Vacuum Schematic
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Connector
          • Function Selector Switch Vacuum Application Chart
      • Control Components
        • Manual A/C
        • Control System Inputs
          • Climate Control Assembly
        • Control System Outputs
          • Blower Motor Switch Resistor
          • Blower Motor Relay
          • A/C Compressor Clutch Relay
      • Air Distribution
      • Heating And Ventilation
        • Notes
        • Heater Core Housing
        • Heater Core
        • Blower Motor
      • Center Register Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Defroster Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear FOOTWELL Duct
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Hose - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Heater Core Plugged
      • Heater Core Pressure Test
      • Heater Core Bench Test
      • Evaporator Core Housing
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Evaporator Core Orifice
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Pressure Relief Valve
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Bracket
        • Removal and Installation
      • Inspection And Assembly Requirements
      • Clutch And Clutch Field Coil
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor Shaft Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Condenser Core
        • Removal and Installation
      • Pressure Cutoff Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Suction Accumulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) Cycling Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Manifold And Tube Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Condenser To Evaporator Line
        • Removal and Installation
    • Control System (HVAC)
      • Function Selector Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Vacuum Control Motor - Panel Vent
        • Removal and Installation
      • Temperature Blend Door Control Cable
        • Removal and Installation
      • Vacuum Control Motor - Outside Air Inlet
        • Removal and Installation
      • Vacuum Control Motor - Defrost
        • Removal and Installation
      • Vacuum Control Motor - FOOTWELL Vent
        • Removal and Installation
      • Blower Motor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Climate Control Assembly
        • Removal and Installation
      • Blower Motor Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Temperature Control Switch
        • Removal and Installation
      • Climate Control Assembly Illumination Bulbs
        • Removal and Installation
    • Refrigerant System - HVAC
      • Refrigerant System Warnings
      • Refrigerant Identification Testing
      • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
      • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
      • Electronic Leak Detection
      • Refrigerant System
        • Principles of Operation
          • Notes
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects of Pressure on Boiling or Condensation
        • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • Notes
          • Clutch Cycling Orifice Tube Type Refrigerant System
      • Vacuum Hose Repair
      • A/C Evaporator/Condenser On-Vehicle Leak Test
      • Spring Lock Coupling
        • Disconnect
        • Cleaning
        • Connect
      • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
        • Disconnect
        • Connect
      • Tracer Dye Leak Detection
        • Notes
        • Tracer Dye Injection
      • A/C Compressor External Leak Test
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
      • Discharging And Recovery
      • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Evacuation And Charging
      • Refrigerant Oil Adding
      • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
    • Service Tools (HVAC)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - HVAC
      • Climate Control System
        • Notes
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Air Conditioning (A/C)
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(S)
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Insufficient, Erratic, Or No Heat
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Does Not Operate/Does Not Operate Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 4: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Always On
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Insufficient Air Conditioning (A/C) Cooling
        • Pinpoint Test 6: No Operation In All The Temperature Settings
        • Pinpoint Test 7: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate
        • Pinpoint Test 8: The Blower Motor Operates Continuously In High Speed
          • Notes
          • Blower Motor Switch Test
        • Pinpoint Test 9: No Operation In High Blower Setting
        • Pinpoint Test 10: No Operation In Lower Speeds
          • Notes
          • Blower Motor Switch Test
    • Technical Data (HVAC)
      • Specifications
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag System
      • Description & Operation
      • Component Locations
      • System Operation Check
      • Air Bag Safety Precautions
      • Adjustments
        • CLOCKSPRING Centering
      • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
        • Notes
        • Disabling System
          • Notes
          • Component Replacement Disabling Procedure
          • Diagnostics Disabling Procedure (Seats Removed)
          • General Disabling Procedure (Seats Installed)
        • Activating System
          • Component Replacement Activating Procedure (Seats Installed)
          • Diagnostics Activating Procedure (Seats Removed)
          • General Activating Procedure (Seats Installed)
        • Air Bag Simulator (Seats Installed)
      • Disposal Procedures
        • Inspecting Deployment Tool (Seats Installed)
        • Deployed Air Bag (Seats Installed)
        • On-Vehicle Deployment (Scrapped Vehicle) (Seats Installed)
          • Notes
          • Driver-side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Seat Belt Pretensioner (Seats Installed)
        • Off-Vehicle Deployment (Seats Installed)
          • Driver-side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Passenger-side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Side AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
          • Seat Belt Pretensioner (Seats Installed)
      • Post-Collision Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • CLOCKSPRING
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
        • Front Seat
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Seat Belt PRETENSIONERS
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Side Air Bag Crash Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Steering Wheel
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Self-Diagnostics
        • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Retrieving Fault Codes
        • Clearing Fault Codes
        • On-Demand Self-Test
        • Active Commands
        • PID/Data Monitor & Record
        • Prove Out System
        • Verify System
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Test A: Air Bag Warning Light On Continuously-RCM Disconnected, Inoperative Or Lost/Low Ignition Feed
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test B: RCM Internal Fault (DTC B1342)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test C: Crash Data Memory Full (DTC B1231)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test D: RCM Bracket Ground Resistance High (DTC B1921)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test E: Incorrect Vehicle Identification Code (DTC C1414)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test F: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1887)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test G: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1916)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test H: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1888)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test I: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1925)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test J: Driver-Side Air Bag Resistance High (DTC B1932)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test K: Passenger-Side Air Bag Resistance High (DTC B1933)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test L: Driver-Side Air Bag Low Resistance (DTC B1934)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test M: Passenger-Side Air Bag Resistance Low (DTC B1935)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test N: Left-Side Crash Sensor Internal Fault (DTC B2444)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test O: Right-Side Crash Sensor Internal Fault (DTC B2445)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test P: Left-Side Crash Sensor Mounting Failure (DTC B2441)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Q: Right-Side Crash Sensor Mounting Failure (DTC B2440)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test R: Left-Side Crash Sensor Communication Fault (DTC U2017)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test S: Right-Side Crash Sensor Communication Fault (DTC U2018)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test T: Left-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1993)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test U: Left-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1992)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test V: Left-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1994)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test W: Left-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1995)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test X: Right-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1997)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Y: Right-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1996)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Z: Right-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1998)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Aa: Right-Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1999)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ab: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Ground Or Open (DTC B1892)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ac: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (B1891)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ad: Air Bag Warning Light Inoperative (DTC B1869)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AE: Air Bag Warning Light Short To Battery (DTC B1870)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AF: No Communication With RCM
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ag: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Resistance Low Or High (DTC B1885/B1877)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ah: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Resistance Low Or High (DTC B1881/B1886)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ai: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1878)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AJ: Left PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1879)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AK: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1882)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Al: Right PRETENSIONER Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1883)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
      • Wire Repair
        • Notes
        • Repair Procedure
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Service Tools (Body & Accessories)
      • Special Tools
    • Service Tools (Restraints)
      • Special Tools
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • Seat Belt System
      • Occupant Restraint System
        • Notes
        • Safety Belt, Lap/Shoulder - Dual Locking Mode
        • Safety Belt Extension
        • Attaching Safety Seats With Tether Straps
        • Safety Belt Warning System
      • Safety Belt Cleaning
      • Front Safety Belt Retractor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Safety Belt Retractor
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle And PRETENSIONER
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Driver Side, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt - Center, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Center And Passenger Side, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Child Safety Seat Tether Anchor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt With Anchor Plate Thread Damage
      • Safety Belt Tongue Rotated On Belt
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster With Stripped Weld Nuts
      • Safety Belt Procedure After A Collision
    • Service Tools (Restraints)
      • Special Tools
  • Seat Belts
    • Seat Belt System
      • Occupant Restraint System
        • Notes
        • Safety Belt, Lap/Shoulder - Dual Locking Mode
        • Safety Belt Extension
        • Attaching Safety Seats With Tether Straps
        • Safety Belt Warning System
      • Safety Belt Cleaning
      • Front Safety Belt Retractor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Rear Safety Belt Retractor
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle And PRETENSIONER
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Driver Side, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt - Center, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt Buckle - Center And Passenger Side, Rear
        • Removal and Installation
      • Child Safety Seat Tether Anchor
        • Removal and Installation
      • Safety Belt With Anchor Plate Thread Damage
      • Safety Belt Tongue Rotated On Belt
      • Safety Belt Shoulder Height Adjuster With Stripped Weld Nuts
      • Safety Belt Procedure After A Collision
    • Service Tools (Restraints)
      • Special Tools
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Steering System
      • Power Steering
      • Steering System
      • Steering Linkage
      • Steering Column
        • Notes
        • Tilt Columns
        • Steering Column Air Bag
        • Steering Column Lock
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Purging
      • System Flushing
      • Fill
      • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Wheel
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Column Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Column Coupling
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Shaft
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Gear Boot
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Gear
        • Removal and Installation
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump Pulley
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Pump - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump To Steering Gear Pressure Line - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Pump To Steering Gear Pressure Line - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Gear To Fluid Cooler Return Hose
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Tie Rod End
        • Removal and Installation
    • Service Tools (Steering)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Steering System
      • Steering System
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions Drift/Pull
          • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
          • Feedback
          • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Shimmy
          • Wander
        • Component Tests
          • Steering Linkage
          • Turning Effort Test
          • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Tie Rod Articulation Torque
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering
    • Technical Data (Steering)
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
  • Power Steering
    • Power Steering System
      • Power Steering
      • Steering System
      • Steering Linkage
      • Steering Column
        • Notes
        • Tilt Columns
        • Steering Column Air Bag
        • Steering Column Lock
        • Disassembly and Assembly
      • Purging
      • System Flushing
      • Fill
      • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Wheel
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Column Removal/Installation
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Column Coupling
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Column Shaft
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Gear Boot
        • Removal and Installation
      • Steering Gear
        • Removal and Installation
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Fluid Reservoir
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump Pulley
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Pump - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pump To Steering Gear Pressure Line - 2.0L ZETEC
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Power Steering Pump To Steering Gear Pressure Line - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Gear To Fluid Cooler Return Hose
        • Removal and Installation
      • Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch - 3.0L DURATEC (4V)
        • Removal and Installation
      • Tie Rod End
        • Removal and Installation
    • Service Tools (Steering)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Steering System
      • Steering System
        • Inspection and Verification
          • Notes
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions Drift/Pull
          • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
          • Feedback
          • Hard Steering or Lack of Assist
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Shimmy
          • Wander
        • Component Tests
          • Steering Linkage
          • Turning Effort Test
          • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
          • Tie Rod Articulation Torque
          • Steering Gear Valve
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering
    • Technical Data (Steering)
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension
      • Front Suspension
      • Strut And Spring Assembly
        • Removal And Installation
          • Notes
          • Vehicles with ABS
        • Disassembly And Assembly
      • Lower Arm
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Stabilizer Bar Link
        • Removal And Installation
      • Stabilizer Bar
        • Removal And Installation
      • Wheel Bearing Inspection
      • Wheel Bearing Check
      • Wheel Bearing
        • Removal
          • Notes
          • Vehicles with ABS
        • Installation
          • Notes
          • Vehicles with ABS
      • Torque Specifications
    • General Procedures (Suspension System - Noise And Vibration)
      • Powertrain/Drivetrain Mount Neutralizing
      • Exhaust System Neutralizing
    • Service Tools (Suspension)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Suspension, Wheel & Tire)
      • Suspension System
        • Overview
        • Inspection And Verification Front Suspension
          • Notes
          • Wheel And Hub Bearing
          • Strut And Spring Assembly
        • Vehicle Inspection
        • Inspection And Verification - Rear Suspension
        • Component Test
          • Ball Joint Inspection - Front Suspension Lower Arm
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Inspection And Verification
          • Notes
          • Road Test
          • Match Mounting Tires
          • Tire Lead Diagnosis
          • Component Tests
            • Tire And Wheel Runout
            • Tire Runout
            • Wheel Runout
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • Acceptable Noise, Vibration And Harshness
        • Diagnostic Theory
        • Glossary Of Terms
          • Acceleration - Light
          • Acceleration - Medium
          • Acceleration - Heavy
          • Ambient Temperature
          • Amplitude
          • Backlash
          • Boom
          • Bound Up
          • Brakes Applied
          • Buffet/Buffeting
          • Buzz
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Chatter
          • Chirp
          • Chuckle
          • Click
          • Clonk
          • Clunk/Driveline Clunk
          • Coast/Deceleration
          • Coast/Neutral Coast
          • Constant Velocity (CV) Joint
          • Controlled Rear Suspension Height
          • Coupling Shaft
          • Cps
          • Cracks
          • Creak
          • Cruise
          • Cycle
          • Decibel
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Test
          • Driveline Angles
          • Driveshaft
          • Drivetrain
          • Drivetrain Damper
          • Drone
          • Drumming
          • Dynamic Balance
          • Engine Imbalance
          • Engine Misfire
          • Engine Shake
          • Flexible Coupling
          • Float
          • Flutter
          • Frequency
          • Gravelly Feel
          • Grind
          • Hiss
          • Hoot
          • Howl
          • Hum
          • Hz
          • Imbalance
          • Inboard
          • Intensity
          • Isolate
          • Knock
          • Moan
          • Neutral Engine Run-Up (NERU) Test
          • Neutralize/Normalize
          • Outboard
          • Ping
          • Pinion Shaft
          • Pitch
          • Pumping Feel
          • Radial/Lateral
          • Rattle
          • Rotary Blade Coupling (RBC)
          • Ring Gear
          • Road Test
          • Roughness
          • Runout
          • Rustling
          • Shake
          • Shimmy
          • Shudder
          • Slap
          • Slip Yoke/Slip Spline
          • Squeak
          • Squeal
          • Static Balance
          • Tap
          • Thump
          • Tick
          • Tip-In Moan
          • TIR
          • Tire Deflection
          • Tire Flat Spots
          • Tire Force Vibration
          • Transient
          • Two-Plane Balance
          • Vibration
          • Whine
          • Whistle
          • Wind Noise
          • Wot
        • Tools And Techniques
          • Vibration Analyzer (VA)
          • Vibrate Software(R)
          • ChassisEAR
          • EngineEAR
          • Ultrasonic Leak Detector
          • Squeak and Rattle Repair Kit
          • Tracing Powder
          • Index Card
        • 1: Customer Interview
        • 2: Pre-Drive Check
        • 3: Preparing for the Road Test
        • 4: Verify the Customer Concern
        • 5: Road Test
          • Notes
          • Slow Acceleration Test
          • Heavy Acceleration Test
          • Neutral Coast Down Speed Test
          • Downshift Speed Test
          • Steering Input Test
          • Brake Test
          • Road Test Over Bumps
          • Neutral Engine Run-up (NERU) Test
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Load Test
          • Engine Accessory Test
          • Vehicle Cold Soak Procedure
        • 6: Check TSBs/Repair History
        • 7: Diagnostic Procedure
        • NVH Condition and Symptom Categories
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Not Moving
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Moving
        • Pinpoint Tests
        • Component Tests
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
          • Steering Gear Grunt/Shudder Test
          • Checking Tooth Contact Pattern And Condition Of The Ring And Pinion
          • Tire Wear Patterns And Frequency Calculations
            • Tire Wear Chart
            • Tire Speed and Frequency Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Air Leak And Wind Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Brake Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Brake Vibration/Shudder
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Idle Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Engine Accessory Drive Bearing Hoot
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Power Steering Moan
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Drumming Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Engine Ticking, Knocking Or Continuous Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Engine Ticking Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Squeak And Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Suspension Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Suspension Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Rear Suspension Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Vehicle Ride
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Drift Left Or Right
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Steering Wheel Off-Center
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Tracks Incorrectly
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Rough Ride
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Excessive Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Tire Wear
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wheels And Tires
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: High Speed Shake Or Shimmy
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Wheel And Tire
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Automatic) Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Driveline System Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Manual) And Power Take Off Unit Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Power Take Off Unit Vibration
    • Technical Data (Suspension)
      • Specifications
        • Front Alignment Specifications
        • Rear Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Wheel Rim Runout
        • Tire Runout Specifications
  • Rear Suspension
    • General Procedures (Suspension System - Noise And Vibration)
      • Powertrain/Drivetrain Mount Neutralizing
      • Exhaust System Neutralizing
    • Rear Suspension System
      • Suspension System
      • General Procedures
        • Powertrain/Drivetrain Mount Neutralizing
        • Exhaust System Neutralizing
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • Acceptable Noise, Vibration And Harshness
        • Diagnostic Theory
        • Glossary Of Terms
        • Tools And Techniques
          • Vibration Analyzer (VA)
          • Vibrate Software(R)
          • ChassisEAR
          • EngineEAR
          • Ultrasonic Leak Detector
          • Squeak and Rattle Repair Kit
          • Tracing Powder
          • Index Card
      • Noise, Vibration & Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • 1: Customer Interview
        • 2: Pre-Drive Check
        • 3: Preparing For The Road Test
        • 4: Verify The Customer Concern
        • 5: Road Test
          • Notes
          • Slow Acceleration Test
          • Heavy Acceleration Test
          • Neutral Coast Down Speed Test
          • Downshift Speed Test
          • Steering Input Test
          • Brake Test
          • Road Test Over Bumps
          • Neutral Engine Run-Up (NERU) Test
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Load Test
          • Engine Accessory Test
          • Vehicle Cold Soak Procedure
        • 6: Check MAZDA Tips/TSBS/Repair History
        • 7: Diagnostic Procedure
        • NVH Condition & Symptom Categories
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle is Not Moving
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle is Moving
        • Pinpoint Tests
        • Component Tests
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
          • Steering Gear Grunt/Shudder Test
          • Checking Tooth Contact Pattern and Condition of the Ring and Pinion
        • Tire Wear Patterns & Frequency Calculations
          • Tire Wear Chart
        • Tire Speed & Frequency Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Air Leak & Wind Noise
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Brake Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Brake Vibration/Shudder
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Idle Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Engine Accessory Drive Bearing Hoot
          • Pinpoint Test 2: Power Steering Moan
          • Pinpoint Test 3: Drumming Noise
          • Pinpoint Test 4: Engine Ticking, Knocking Or Continuous Rattle
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Engine Ticking Noise
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Squeak & Rattle
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering Noise/Vibration
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Suspension Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Suspension Noise
          • Pinpoint Test 2: Rear Suspension Noise
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Vehicle Ride
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Drift Left Or Right
          • Pinpoint Test 2: Steering Wheel Off-Center
          • Pinpoint Test 3: Tracks Incorrectly
          • Pinpoint Test 4: Rough Ride
          • Pinpoint Test 5: Excessive Noise
          • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Tire Wear
          • Pinpoint Test 7: Vibration
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wheels & Tires
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: High Speed Shake Or Shimmy
          • Pinpoint Test 2: Wheel & Tire
          • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Vibration
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Automatic) Noise/Vibration
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Driveline System Noise/Vibration
        • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Manual) & Power Take Off Unit Noise/Vibration
          • Notes
          • Pinpoint Test 1: Power Take Off Unit Vibration
      • Lean Correction
      • Rear Suspension
        • Notes
        • Shock Absorber
          • Removal and Installation
        • Spring
          • Removal and Installation
        • Upper Arm
          • Removal and Installation
        • Lower Arm
          • Removal and Installation
        • Wheel Knuckle - 2WD
          • Removal (Vehicles Without ABS)
          • Installation
        • Wheel Knuckle - 4WD
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Bearing - 2WD
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Bearing - 4WD
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Studs (Rear)
          • Removal & Installation
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Inspection And Verification
          • Notes
          • Road Test
          • Match Mounting Tires
          • Tire Lead Diagnosis
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Component Tests
          • Tire and Wheel Runout
          • Tire Runout
          • Wheel Runout
      • Special Service Tools
      • Torque Specifications
    • Service Tools (Suspension)
      • Special Tools
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Suspension, Wheel & Tire)
      • Suspension System
        • Overview
        • Inspection And Verification Front Suspension
          • Notes
          • Wheel And Hub Bearing
          • Strut And Spring Assembly
        • Vehicle Inspection
        • Inspection And Verification - Rear Suspension
        • Component Test
          • Ball Joint Inspection - Front Suspension Lower Arm
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Inspection And Verification
          • Notes
          • Road Test
          • Match Mounting Tires
          • Tire Lead Diagnosis
          • Component Tests
            • Tire And Wheel Runout
            • Tire Runout
            • Wheel Runout
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • Acceptable Noise, Vibration And Harshness
        • Diagnostic Theory
        • Glossary Of Terms
          • Acceleration - Light
          • Acceleration - Medium
          • Acceleration - Heavy
          • Ambient Temperature
          • Amplitude
          • Backlash
          • Boom
          • Bound Up
          • Brakes Applied
          • Buffet/Buffeting
          • Buzz
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Chatter
          • Chirp
          • Chuckle
          • Click
          • Clonk
          • Clunk/Driveline Clunk
          • Coast/Deceleration
          • Coast/Neutral Coast
          • Constant Velocity (CV) Joint
          • Controlled Rear Suspension Height
          • Coupling Shaft
          • Cps
          • Cracks
          • Creak
          • Cruise
          • Cycle
          • Decibel
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Test
          • Driveline Angles
          • Driveshaft
          • Drivetrain
          • Drivetrain Damper
          • Drone
          • Drumming
          • Dynamic Balance
          • Engine Imbalance
          • Engine Misfire
          • Engine Shake
          • Flexible Coupling
          • Float
          • Flutter
          • Frequency
          • Gravelly Feel
          • Grind
          • Hiss
          • Hoot
          • Howl
          • Hum
          • Hz
          • Imbalance
          • Inboard
          • Intensity
          • Isolate
          • Knock
          • Moan
          • Neutral Engine Run-Up (NERU) Test
          • Neutralize/Normalize
          • Outboard
          • Ping
          • Pinion Shaft
          • Pitch
          • Pumping Feel
          • Radial/Lateral
          • Rattle
          • Rotary Blade Coupling (RBC)
          • Ring Gear
          • Road Test
          • Roughness
          • Runout
          • Rustling
          • Shake
          • Shimmy
          • Shudder
          • Slap
          • Slip Yoke/Slip Spline
          • Squeak
          • Squeal
          • Static Balance
          • Tap
          • Thump
          • Tick
          • Tip-In Moan
          • TIR
          • Tire Deflection
          • Tire Flat Spots
          • Tire Force Vibration
          • Transient
          • Two-Plane Balance
          • Vibration
          • Whine
          • Whistle
          • Wind Noise
          • Wot
        • Tools And Techniques
          • Vibration Analyzer (VA)
          • Vibrate Software(R)
          • ChassisEAR
          • EngineEAR
          • Ultrasonic Leak Detector
          • Squeak and Rattle Repair Kit
          • Tracing Powder
          • Index Card
        • 1: Customer Interview
        • 2: Pre-Drive Check
        • 3: Preparing for the Road Test
        • 4: Verify the Customer Concern
        • 5: Road Test
          • Notes
          • Slow Acceleration Test
          • Heavy Acceleration Test
          • Neutral Coast Down Speed Test
          • Downshift Speed Test
          • Steering Input Test
          • Brake Test
          • Road Test Over Bumps
          • Neutral Engine Run-up (NERU) Test
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Load Test
          • Engine Accessory Test
          • Vehicle Cold Soak Procedure
        • 6: Check TSBs/Repair History
        • 7: Diagnostic Procedure
        • NVH Condition and Symptom Categories
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Not Moving
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Moving
        • Pinpoint Tests
        • Component Tests
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
          • Steering Gear Grunt/Shudder Test
          • Checking Tooth Contact Pattern And Condition Of The Ring And Pinion
          • Tire Wear Patterns And Frequency Calculations
            • Tire Wear Chart
            • Tire Speed and Frequency Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Air Leak And Wind Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Brake Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Brake Vibration/Shudder
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Idle Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Engine Accessory Drive Bearing Hoot
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Power Steering Moan
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Drumming Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Engine Ticking, Knocking Or Continuous Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Engine Ticking Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Squeak And Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Suspension Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Suspension Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Rear Suspension Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Vehicle Ride
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Drift Left Or Right
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Steering Wheel Off-Center
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Tracks Incorrectly
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Rough Ride
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Excessive Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Tire Wear
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wheels And Tires
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: High Speed Shake Or Shimmy
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Wheel And Tire
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Automatic) Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Driveline System Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Manual) And Power Take Off Unit Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Power Take Off Unit Vibration
    • Technical Data (Suspension)
      • Specifications
        • Front Alignment Specifications
        • Rear Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Wheel Rim Runout
        • Tire Runout Specifications
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Technical Data (Suspension)
      • Specifications
        • Front Alignment Specifications
        • Rear Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Wheel Rim Runout
        • Tire Runout Specifications
    • Wheel Alignment
      • Front Toe Adjustment
      • Camber And Caster Adjustment
      • Lean Correction
      • Wheel Alignment Angles
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe
      • Rear Toe Adjustment
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting (Suspension, Wheel & Tire)
      • Suspension System
        • Overview
        • Inspection And Verification Front Suspension
          • Notes
          • Wheel And Hub Bearing
          • Strut And Spring Assembly
        • Vehicle Inspection
        • Inspection And Verification - Rear Suspension
        • Component Test
          • Ball Joint Inspection - Front Suspension Lower Arm
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Inspection And Verification
          • Notes
          • Road Test
          • Match Mounting Tires
          • Tire Lead Diagnosis
          • Component Tests
            • Tire And Wheel Runout
            • Tire Runout
            • Wheel Runout
      • Noise, Vibration And Harshness (NVH)
        • Notes
        • Acceptable Noise, Vibration And Harshness
        • Diagnostic Theory
        • Glossary Of Terms
          • Acceleration - Light
          • Acceleration - Medium
          • Acceleration - Heavy
          • Ambient Temperature
          • Amplitude
          • Backlash
          • Boom
          • Bound Up
          • Brakes Applied
          • Buffet/Buffeting
          • Buzz
          • Camber
          • Caster
          • Chatter
          • Chirp
          • Chuckle
          • Click
          • Clonk
          • Clunk/Driveline Clunk
          • Coast/Deceleration
          • Coast/Neutral Coast
          • Constant Velocity (CV) Joint
          • Controlled Rear Suspension Height
          • Coupling Shaft
          • Cps
          • Cracks
          • Creak
          • Cruise
          • Cycle
          • Decibel
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Test
          • Driveline Angles
          • Driveshaft
          • Drivetrain
          • Drivetrain Damper
          • Drone
          • Drumming
          • Dynamic Balance
          • Engine Imbalance
          • Engine Misfire
          • Engine Shake
          • Flexible Coupling
          • Float
          • Flutter
          • Frequency
          • Gravelly Feel
          • Grind
          • Hiss
          • Hoot
          • Howl
          • Hum
          • Hz
          • Imbalance
          • Inboard
          • Intensity
          • Isolate
          • Knock
          • Moan
          • Neutral Engine Run-Up (NERU) Test
          • Neutralize/Normalize
          • Outboard
          • Ping
          • Pinion Shaft
          • Pitch
          • Pumping Feel
          • Radial/Lateral
          • Rattle
          • Rotary Blade Coupling (RBC)
          • Ring Gear
          • Road Test
          • Roughness
          • Runout
          • Rustling
          • Shake
          • Shimmy
          • Shudder
          • Slap
          • Slip Yoke/Slip Spline
          • Squeak
          • Squeal
          • Static Balance
          • Tap
          • Thump
          • Tick
          • Tip-In Moan
          • TIR
          • Tire Deflection
          • Tire Flat Spots
          • Tire Force Vibration
          • Transient
          • Two-Plane Balance
          • Vibration
          • Whine
          • Whistle
          • Wind Noise
          • Wot
        • Tools And Techniques
          • Vibration Analyzer (VA)
          • Vibrate Software(R)
          • ChassisEAR
          • EngineEAR
          • Ultrasonic Leak Detector
          • Squeak and Rattle Repair Kit
          • Tracing Powder
          • Index Card
        • 1: Customer Interview
        • 2: Pre-Drive Check
        • 3: Preparing for the Road Test
        • 4: Verify the Customer Concern
        • 5: Road Test
          • Notes
          • Slow Acceleration Test
          • Heavy Acceleration Test
          • Neutral Coast Down Speed Test
          • Downshift Speed Test
          • Steering Input Test
          • Brake Test
          • Road Test Over Bumps
          • Neutral Engine Run-up (NERU) Test
          • Drive Engine Run-Up (DERU) Load Test
          • Engine Accessory Test
          • Vehicle Cold Soak Procedure
        • 6: Check TSBs/Repair History
        • 7: Diagnostic Procedure
        • NVH Condition and Symptom Categories
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Not Moving
          • Operating Condition - Vehicle Is Moving
        • Pinpoint Tests
        • Component Tests
          • Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
          • Steering Gear Grunt/Shudder Test
          • Checking Tooth Contact Pattern And Condition Of The Ring And Pinion
          • Tire Wear Patterns And Frequency Calculations
            • Tire Wear Chart
            • Tire Speed and Frequency Chart
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Air Leak And Wind Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Brake Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Brake Vibration/Shudder
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Idle Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Engine Accessory Drive Bearing Hoot
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Power Steering Moan
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Drumming Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Engine Ticking, Knocking Or Continuous Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Engine Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Engine Ticking Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Squeak And Rattle
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Steering Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Suspension Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Front Suspension Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Rear Suspension Noise
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Vehicle Ride
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Drift Left Or Right
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Steering Wheel Off-Center
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Tracks Incorrectly
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Rough Ride
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Excessive Noise
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Incorrect Tire Wear
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Wheels And Tires
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Tire Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: High Speed Shake Or Shimmy
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Wheel And Tire
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Automatic) Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Driveline System Noise/Vibration
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Transaxle (Manual) And Power Take Off Unit Noise/Vibration
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Power Take Off Unit Vibration
    • Technical Data (Suspension)
      • Specifications
        • Front Alignment Specifications
        • Rear Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Wheel Rim Runout
        • Tire Runout Specifications
    • Wheels And Tires
      • Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Safety Precautions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Wheel Studs - Front
        • Removal and Installation
      • Wheel Studs - Rear
        • Removal and Installation
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Transmission
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Master Cylinder Check
      • Clutch Release Fork Check
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Fluid Level and Condition
          • Fluid Level Check
          • Low Fluid Level
          • High Fluid Level
          • Adding Fluid
          • Fluid Condition Check
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Shift Linkage Check
        • Check TSB'S
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Diagnostic Tool
          • Notes
          • Other Scan Tool Features
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
          • Line Pressure Diagnosis
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
        • Air Pressure Tests
        • Test Procedures
          • Notes
          • Air Pressure Test Port Locations
        • Air Pressure Test Results
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • External Sealing
          • Notes
          • External Sealing
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
          • Notes
          • Leakage Points
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Test
      • Transaxle Bearing Cone And Race Inspection
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Shift Control
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Shift Control Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Transaxle Control Switch Is Inoperative
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Cooling
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Tube Replacement
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
      • Vehicle Speed Signal Malfunction
      • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Signal Intermittent
      • Transaxle Range (Tr) Sensor
      • Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
      • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor And Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensors
      • Shift Solenoids
      • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
      • Solenoid Mechanical Failure
      • Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
      • Transaxle Control Switch (TCS) Or Transaxle Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Circuit Malfunction
      • 3-2T/CCS Solenoid
      • Automatic Transaxle Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Diagnosis Index
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Forward Engagement Only
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 2: No Reverse Engagement (No Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Harsh Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Delayed/Soft Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 5: No Forward And No Reverse Engagements (No Vehicle Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Some Or All Shifts Missing
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Shift Concern: Timing - Early/Late
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 8: Shift Concern: Erratic
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 9: Shift Concern: Feel-Soft/Slipping
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 10: Shift Concern: Feel - Harsh
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 11: Shift Concerns: No First Gear Engages In Higher Gear (D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 12: Shift Concerns: No First Gear In 1 Range (First Gear In D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 13: Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 14: Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 15: Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 16: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 17: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 18: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 19: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 20: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 21: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-1 Shift (Automatic Or Kick-Down)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 22: Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 23: Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 24: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 25: Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 26: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 27: Shift Concerns: Torque Converter Clutch: Does Not Apply
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 28: Torque Converter Clutch: Always Applied/May Stall Engine
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 29: Poor Vehicle Acceleration/Performance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 30: Engine Will Not Crank
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 31: No P Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 32: Transaxle Overheating
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 33: No Engine Braking In First Gear (1 Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 34: No Engine Braking In 2 Range
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 35: Vehicle Movement With Gear Selector In N Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 36: Shift Efforts High
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 37: External Leaks
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 38: Noise/Vibration - Forward/Reverse
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 39: O/D Off Indicator Light Does Not Illuminate When O/D Off Switch Is Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 40: O/D Off Indicator Light Illuminates When O/D Off Switch Is Not Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
    • Technical Data (Transmission)
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • Fluid Specification
          • Fluid Capacity
          • Reference: Pressure Chart No. 401
          • Reference: Clutch/Band Application Chart No. 601
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear
          • Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Forward/Coast Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Direct Clutch Pack Clearance (4 Friction Plates)
          • Pump Gear End Clearance
          • Pump Assembly Rotating Torque
          • Low/Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Intermediate and Overdrive Servo
          • Intermediate/Overdrive Servo Apply Rod
          • Reverse/Overdrive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Final Drive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Gear Ratios
          • General Specifications (No. 10 Thrust Washer)
          • General Specifications (Driven Sprocket Alignment No. 11 Shim)
          • General Specifications (Differential End Play No.14 Shim)
        • Clutch Pressure Plate
          • General Specifications (Pressure Plate Diaphragm Spring Fingers)
        • Manual Transaxle
          • General Specifications
        • Clutch Disc
          • General Specifications
  • Clutch
    • Manual Transaxle
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
      • Manual Transaxle
        • Notes
        • Power Flow
        • External Shift Linkage
        • Internal Shift Linkage
        • Reverse Gear
        • Differential
      • Bearings
      • Transaxle Draining And Filling
      • Transaxle Removal
        • Removal
      • Transaxle - 4X2 - Disassembly
        • Disassembly
      • Transaxle - 4X4 - Disassembly
        • Disassembly
      • Input Shaft
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Output Shaft
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Synchronizers
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Differential
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Transaxle - 4X2 - Reassembly
        • Assembly
      • Transaxle - 4X4 - Reassembly
        • Assembly
      • Transaxle - Installation
        • Installation
      • Transaxle Front Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Transaxle LH Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Transaxle Rear Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • HALFSHAFT Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
        • Removal and Installation
          • 4X2 Vehicles
    • Manual Transaxle Clutch
      • Clutch
      • Clutch Controls
      • Clutch System Bleeding
      • Clutch Master Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Slave Cylinder
        • Removal and Installation
      • Clutch Release Fork
        • Removal and Installation
      • Clutch Disc And Pressure Plate
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Pilot Bearing
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Flywheel Ring Gear
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Locating Dowels
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Clutch Housing Locating Dowels
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Clutch Pedal
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Transmission
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Master Cylinder Check
      • Clutch Release Fork Check
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Fluid Level and Condition
          • Fluid Level Check
          • Low Fluid Level
          • High Fluid Level
          • Adding Fluid
          • Fluid Condition Check
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Shift Linkage Check
        • Check TSB'S
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Diagnostic Tool
          • Notes
          • Other Scan Tool Features
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
          • Line Pressure Diagnosis
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
        • Air Pressure Tests
        • Test Procedures
          • Notes
          • Air Pressure Test Port Locations
        • Air Pressure Test Results
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • External Sealing
          • Notes
          • External Sealing
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
          • Notes
          • Leakage Points
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Test
      • Transaxle Bearing Cone And Race Inspection
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Shift Control
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Shift Control Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Transaxle Control Switch Is Inoperative
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Cooling
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Tube Replacement
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
      • Vehicle Speed Signal Malfunction
      • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Signal Intermittent
      • Transaxle Range (Tr) Sensor
      • Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
      • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor And Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensors
      • Shift Solenoids
      • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
      • Solenoid Mechanical Failure
      • Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
      • Transaxle Control Switch (TCS) Or Transaxle Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Circuit Malfunction
      • 3-2T/CCS Solenoid
      • Automatic Transaxle Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Diagnosis Index
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Forward Engagement Only
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 2: No Reverse Engagement (No Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Harsh Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Delayed/Soft Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 5: No Forward And No Reverse Engagements (No Vehicle Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Some Or All Shifts Missing
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Shift Concern: Timing - Early/Late
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 8: Shift Concern: Erratic
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 9: Shift Concern: Feel-Soft/Slipping
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 10: Shift Concern: Feel - Harsh
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 11: Shift Concerns: No First Gear Engages In Higher Gear (D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 12: Shift Concerns: No First Gear In 1 Range (First Gear In D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 13: Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 14: Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 15: Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 16: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 17: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 18: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 19: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 20: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 21: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-1 Shift (Automatic Or Kick-Down)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 22: Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 23: Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 24: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 25: Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 26: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 27: Shift Concerns: Torque Converter Clutch: Does Not Apply
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 28: Torque Converter Clutch: Always Applied/May Stall Engine
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 29: Poor Vehicle Acceleration/Performance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 30: Engine Will Not Crank
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 31: No P Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 32: Transaxle Overheating
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 33: No Engine Braking In First Gear (1 Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 34: No Engine Braking In 2 Range
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 35: Vehicle Movement With Gear Selector In N Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 36: Shift Efforts High
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 37: External Leaks
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 38: Noise/Vibration - Forward/Reverse
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 39: O/D Off Indicator Light Does Not Illuminate When O/D Off Switch Is Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 40: O/D Off Indicator Light Illuminates When O/D Off Switch Is Not Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
    • Technical Data (Transmission)
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • Fluid Specification
          • Fluid Capacity
          • Reference: Pressure Chart No. 401
          • Reference: Clutch/Band Application Chart No. 601
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear
          • Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Forward/Coast Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Direct Clutch Pack Clearance (4 Friction Plates)
          • Pump Gear End Clearance
          • Pump Assembly Rotating Torque
          • Low/Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Intermediate and Overdrive Servo
          • Intermediate/Overdrive Servo Apply Rod
          • Reverse/Overdrive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Final Drive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Gear Ratios
          • General Specifications (No. 10 Thrust Washer)
          • General Specifications (Driven Sprocket Alignment No. 11 Shim)
          • General Specifications (Differential End Play No.14 Shim)
        • Clutch Pressure Plate
          • General Specifications (Pressure Plate Diaphragm Spring Fingers)
        • Manual Transaxle
          • General Specifications
        • Clutch Disc
          • General Specifications
  • Manual Trans
    • Manual Transaxle
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
      • Manual Transaxle
        • Notes
        • Power Flow
        • External Shift Linkage
        • Internal Shift Linkage
        • Reverse Gear
        • Differential
      • Bearings
      • Transaxle Draining And Filling
      • Transaxle Removal
        • Removal
      • Transaxle - 4X2 - Disassembly
        • Disassembly
      • Transaxle - 4X4 - Disassembly
        • Disassembly
      • Input Shaft
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Output Shaft
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Synchronizers
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Differential
        • Notes
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Transaxle - 4X2 - Reassembly
        • Assembly
      • Transaxle - 4X4 - Reassembly
        • Assembly
      • Transaxle - Installation
        • Installation
      • Transaxle Front Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Transaxle LH Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • Transaxle Rear Support Insulator
        • Removal and Installation
      • HALFSHAFT Oil Seal
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
        • Removal and Installation
          • 4X2 Vehicles
    • Manual Transaxle Shift Mechanism
      • External Controls
      • Gearshift Cable Adjustment
      • Gearshift Lever - 4X2
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Lever - 4X4
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Lever Boot
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Linkage - 4X2
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Linkage - 4X4
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Control Housing - 4X4
        • Disassembly Note
        • Assembly Note
      • Gearshift Stabilizer Bar
        • Removal and Installation
      • Gearshift Stabilizer Bar Bushing
        • Removal and Installation
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Transmission
      • Manual Transaxle And Clutch
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Clutch Master Cylinder Check
      • Clutch Release Fork Check
      • Clutch Disc Check
      • Clutch Pressure Plate Check
      • Flywheel RUNOUT Check
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Clutch
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: Clutch Slippage
        • Pinpoint Test 2: Clutch Chatter Or Shudder
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Clutch Drag
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Clutch Pedal Pulsation
        • Pinpoint Test 5: Clutch Related Vibrations
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Hard Shifting
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Excessive Noise
      • External Controls
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Flow Chart
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Flow Chart
      • Preliminary Inspection
        • Notes
        • Know and Understand the Concern
        • Verification of Condition
          • Notes
          • Determine Customer Concerns
          • Check Fluid Level and Condition
          • Fluid Level Check
          • Low Fluid Level
          • High Fluid Level
          • Adding Fluid
          • Fluid Condition Check
      • Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Shift Linkage Check
        • Check TSB'S
        • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics
      • Diagnostic Strategy
        • Notes
        • Preliminary Inspection
        • Diagnostics
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • On-Board Diagnostics With Diagnostic Tool
          • Notes
          • Other Scan Tool Features
      • Special Testing Procedures
        • Notes
        • Line Pressure Test
          • Notes
          • Line Pressure Chart
          • Line Pressure Diagnosis
        • Stall Speed Test
          • Notes
          • Stall Speed Chart
          • Stall Speed Diagnosis Chart
        • Air Pressure Tests
        • Test Procedures
          • Notes
          • Air Pressure Test Port Locations
        • Air Pressure Test Results
      • Road Testing Vehicle
      • Shift Point Road Test
      • Transaxle Drive Cycle Test
      • Leakage Inspection
        • Notes
        • External Sealing
          • Notes
          • External Sealing
        • Fluid Leakage in Torque Converter Area
          • Notes
          • Leakage Points
        • Leak Check Test
        • Leak Check Test With Black Light
      • Torque Converter Diagnosis
        • Notes
        • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Test
      • Transaxle Bearing Cone And Race Inspection
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Shift Control
        • Notes
        • Pinpoint Test 1: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
        • Pinpoint Test 2: The Shift Control Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
        • Pinpoint Test 3: The Transaxle Control Switch Is Inoperative
      • Symptom Troubleshooting Chart - Automatic Transaxle Cooling
      • Transaxle Fluid Cooler
        • Notes
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Flow Test
        • Transaxle Fluid Cooler Tube Replacement
      • Transaxle Cooling
        • Inspection and Verification
      • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
      • Vehicle Speed Signal Malfunction
      • Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS) Signal Intermittent
      • Transaxle Range (Tr) Sensor
      • Transaxle Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
      • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor And Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensors
      • Shift Solenoids
      • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
      • Solenoid Mechanical Failure
      • Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
      • Transaxle Control Switch (TCS) Or Transaxle Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Circuit Malfunction
      • 3-2T/CCS Solenoid
      • Automatic Transaxle Symptom Troubleshooting Chart
        • Diagnosis Index
        • Pinpoint Test 1: No Forward Engagement Only
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 2: No Reverse Engagement (No Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 3: Harsh Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 4: Delayed/Soft Engagement
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 5: No Forward And No Reverse Engagements (No Vehicle Movement)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 6: Some Or All Shifts Missing
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 7: Shift Concern: Timing - Early/Late
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 8: Shift Concern: Erratic
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 9: Shift Concern: Feel-Soft/Slipping
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 10: Shift Concern: Feel - Harsh
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 11: Shift Concerns: No First Gear Engages In Higher Gear (D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 12: Shift Concerns: No First Gear In 1 Range (First Gear In D Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 13: Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 14: Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 15: Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 16: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 17: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 18: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 19: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 20: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 21: Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-1 Shift (Automatic Or Kick-Down)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 22: Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 23: Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 24: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 25: Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 26: Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2 Shift (Automatic)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 27: Shift Concerns: Torque Converter Clutch: Does Not Apply
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 28: Torque Converter Clutch: Always Applied/May Stall Engine
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 29: Poor Vehicle Acceleration/Performance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 30: Engine Will Not Crank
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 31: No P Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 32: Transaxle Overheating
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 33: No Engine Braking In First Gear (1 Range)
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 34: No Engine Braking In 2 Range
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 35: Vehicle Movement With Gear Selector In N Position
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 36: Shift Efforts High
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 37: External Leaks
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 38: Noise/Vibration - Forward/Reverse
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 39: O/D Off Indicator Light Does Not Illuminate When O/D Off Switch Is Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
        • Pinpoint Test 40: O/D Off Indicator Light Illuminates When O/D Off Switch Is Not Turned To On
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic procedure
    • Technical Data (Transmission)
      • Specifications
        • Automatic Transaxle
          • Fluid Specification
          • Fluid Capacity
          • Reference: Pressure Chart No. 401
          • Reference: Clutch/Band Application Chart No. 601
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear
          • Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Forward/Coast Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Direct Clutch Pack Clearance (4 Friction Plates)
          • Pump Gear End Clearance
          • Pump Assembly Rotating Torque
          • Low/Reverse Clutch Pack Clearance
          • Intermediate and Overdrive Servo
          • Intermediate/Overdrive Servo Apply Rod
          • Reverse/Overdrive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Low/Intermediate Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Final Drive Carrier Assembly Pinion Gear End Play
          • Gear Ratios
          • General Specifications (No. 10 Thrust Washer)
          • General Specifications (Driven Sprocket Alignment No. 11 Shim)
          • General Specifications (Differential End Play No.14 Shim)
        • Clutch Pressure Plate
          • General Specifications (Pressure Plate Diaphragm Spring Fingers)
        • Manual Transaxle
          • General Specifications
        • Clutch Disc
          • General Specifications
• External Pages