Repair and Diagnosis

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
  • DTC Index
  • Electrical Component Locations
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Safety Recalls
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • System Wiring Diagrams
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Doors And Liftgate
    • On-Board Diagnostic - LF Control Unit
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Power Liftgate (PLG) Control Module
    • Security And Locks
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Liftgate (PLG) System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Window Systems
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Security And Locks
  • Collision/Avoidance
    • Entertainment System
    • I-ACTIVSENSE (Service Information)
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
    • On-Board Diagnostic - 360 Degrees View Monitor Control Module
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Driver Monitoring Camera Unit
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Forward Sensing Camera
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Front Radar Sensor
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Front Side Radar Sensor (LH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Front Side Radar Sensor (RH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Notification And Warning Amplifier
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Parking Assist Unit (Ultrasonic)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Rear Side Radar Sensor (LH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Rear Side Radar Sensor (RH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (1 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (2 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (3 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (4 Of 4)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - AWD System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Blind Spot Monitoring System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Driver Attention Alert System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Driver Monitoring (Dm)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Front Cross Traffic Alert (FCTA)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - High Beam Control (HBC) System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Lane Departure Warning System (LDWS)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Lane-Keep Assist System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - MAZDA Radar Cruise Control (MRCC) System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCTA)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Smart Brake Support (SBS)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Traffic Sign Recognition System (TSR)
  • Communication Devices
    • Body Control System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Body Control Module (BCM) (1 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Body Control Module (BCM) (2 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Body Control Module (BCM) (3 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Body Control Module (BCM) (4 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Door-Electrical Supply Unit (Driver Side)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Door-Electrical Supply Unit (Passenger)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Electrical Supply Unit (ESU)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - HS/Ms - Can (1 Of 2)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - HS/Ms - Can (2 Of 2)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Telematics Communication Unit
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Wireless Charger (Qi)
    • Technical Data - Body & Accessories
  • Cruise Control Systems
  • Drivers Assistance Systems - ADAS
    • Entertainment System
    • I-ACTIVSENSE (Service Information)
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
    • On-Board Diagnostic - 360 Degrees View Monitor Control Module
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Driver Monitoring Camera Unit
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Forward Sensing Camera
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Front Radar Sensor
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Rear Side Radar Sensor (LH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Rear Side Radar Sensor (RH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (1 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (2 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (3 Of 4)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Vehicle Control Module (4 Of 4)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Blind Spot Monitoring System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Driver Attention Alert System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Driver Monitoring (Dm)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Front Cross Traffic Alert (FCTA)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - High Beam Control (HBC) System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Lane-Keep Assist System
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Connectivity Master Unit - Introduction
    • Entertainment System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (1 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (2 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (3 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Telematics Communication Unit
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Active Driving Display
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Approaching Vehicle Audible System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Emergency Call System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Parking Sensor System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Telematics Communication System
  • Exterior Lights
    • Lighting System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Light Control Module (LH)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Light Control Module (RH)
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Instrument Cluster
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Connectivity Master Unit
  • Headlights
    • Lighting System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Adaptive Front Lighting System Control Module
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - High Beam Control (HBC) System
  • Horns
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
  • Infotainment
    • Connectivity Master Unit - Introduction
    • Entertainment System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (1 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (2 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Connectivity Master Unit (3 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Telematics Communication Unit
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Active Driving Display
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Approaching Vehicle Audible System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Emergency Call System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Parking Sensor System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Telematics Communication System
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Active Air Shutter System
    • Exterior Trim
    • Interior Trim
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Lighting System
  • Memory Modules
    • Seats
  • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
  • Seats
    • Seats
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Position Memory System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Seat System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Seat Warmer System
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Wiper/Washer System
    • Wiper/Washer System
• Body & Frame
  • Aerodynamic Devices
    • Active Air Shutter System
  • Door Locks
    • Doors And Liftgate
    • On-Board Diagnostic - LF Control Unit
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Power Liftgate (PLG) Control Module
    • Security And Locks
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Liftgate (PLG) System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Window Systems
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Security And Locks
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Panels
    • Doors And Liftgate
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Active Air Shutter System
    • Exterior Trim
    • Interior Trim
  • Glass/Windows/Mirrors
  • Seats
    • Seats
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Position Memory System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Power Seat System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Seat Warmer System
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Sunroof
  • Glass/Windows/Mirrors (2)
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Dynamic Stability Control (Service Information)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (1 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (2 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (3 Of 3)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Electric Parking Brake
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Electronically Controlled Brake System
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Conventional Brake System
    • Technical Data - Brakes
  • Parking Brake System
    • Parking Brake System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Conventional Brake System
  • Traction Control
    • Dynamic Stability Control (Service Information)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (1 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (2 Of 3)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC) (3 Of 3)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Electric Parking Brake
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Electronically Controlled Brake System
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Drive Axle Shaft
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Rear Differential
    • Technical Data - Driveline/Axle
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Propeller Shaft
  • Wheel Hubs
    • Wheel Hubs - Rear
    • Wheel Hubs And Steering Knuckle - Front
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Power Systems
  • Charging Systems
  • Component Locations
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Power Systems
  • Gauges
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Instrument Cluster
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Connectivity Master Unit
  • Horns
    • Instrumentation/Driver Info
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Power Systems
  • Starter
    • Engine Starting System (VIN M)
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • System Wiring Diagrams
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Engine Drive Belt Routing
    • Engine Mechanical System (VIN M)
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission System (VIN M)
  • Cooling Fan
    • Engine Cooling System (VIN M)
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Active Air Shutter System
    • Engine Cooling System (VIN M)
  • Exhaust System (VIN M)
  • Fuel System (VIN M)
  • Lubrication System
    • Engine Lubrication (VIN M)
  • Mechanical
    • Engine Mechanical System (VIN M)
    • Intake-Air System (VIN M)
    • Technical Data - Engine (VIN M)
  • Starter
    • Engine Starting System (VIN M)
• Engine Performance
  • Emissions
    • Emission Applications
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
  • Engine Control Systems
    • Drive Selection System
    • Engine Control System (VIN M)
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Fuel System (VIN M)
  • Ignition System (VIN M)
  • Specifications
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
  • System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (1 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (2 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (3 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (4 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (5 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (6 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Introduction
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Engine (VIN M) (1 Of 2)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Engine (VIN M) (2 Of 2)
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (1 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (2 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (3 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (4 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (5 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Engine Control (VIN M) (6 Of 6)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Introduction
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Engine (VIN M) (1 Of 2)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Engine (VIN M) (2 Of 2)
  • Tune-Up
    • Ignition System (VIN M)
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
    • Map - Brake Systems
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
  • DTC Index
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
    • Metric Conversions
  • OEM General Information
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
  • Traction Control Disable Procedures
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • Basic System - HVAC
  • General Servicing
    • Basic System - HVAC
    • Cabin Air Filter
    • Refrigerant System
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Basic System - HVAC
    • Control System - Auto A/C
    • Control System - Manual A/C
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Auto A/C
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dash-Electrical Supply Unit (1 Of 2)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Dash-Electrical Supply Unit (2 Of 2)
    • Refrigerant System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Heater, Ventilation & Air Conditioning (HVAC)
    • Technical Data - HVAC
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag System (Service Information)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Airbag System (1 Of 5)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Airbag System (2 Of 5)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Airbag System (3 Of 5)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Airbag System (4 Of 5)
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Airbag System (5 Of 5)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Air Bag System
  • Passive Restraints
    • Seat Belts
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • Seat Belts
  • Seat Belts
• Steering
  • Electronic Steering
    • Electric Power Steering System
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Electric Power Steering (EPS)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Electric Power Steering (EPS)
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Steering Warmer
  • Manual Steering
    • Technical Data - Steering
  • Power Steering
    • Technical Data - Steering
  • Steering Column
    • Electric Power Steering System
    • Steering Wheel Warmer
  • Steering Control Systems
    • Electric Power Steering System
    • Steering Wheel Warmer
  • Steering Gear
    • Electric Power Steering System
  • Steering Linkage
    • Electric Power Steering System
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension System
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - TPMS
  • Rear Suspension System
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Technical Data - Suspension
    • Wheel Alignment
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • Wheel & Tires
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transaxle (Service Information) - EV6AX-El
    • Automatic Transaxle Shift Mechanism
    • On-Board Diagnostic - Automatic Transaxle
    • Symptom Troubleshooting - Automatic Transaxle (EV6AX-El)
    • Technical Data - Transaxle
  • Transfer Case
    • All Wheel Drive (AWD) System
    • Transfer Case
  • Transmission Control Systems
    • Automatic Transaxle Shift Mechanism
    • Drive Selection System
• External Pages