Misfire Detection: Notes

As part of the OBD II regulations the EMS2000 must determine misfire and also identify the specific cylinder(s), the severity of the misfire and whether it is emissions relevant or catalyst damaging based on monitoring crankshaft acceleration.

In order to accomplish these tasks the EMS2000 monitors the crankshaft for acceleration by the impulse wheel segments of cylinder specific firing order. The misfire/engine roughness calculation is derived from the differences in the period duration of individual increment gear segments.

Each segment period consist of an angular range of 180° crank angle that starts 54° before Top Dead Center.

If the expected period duration is greater than the permissible value a misfire fault for the particular cylinder is stored in the fault memory of the EMS2000.

Depending on the level of misfire rate measured the EMS2000 will illuminate the "Malfunction Indicator Light", deactivate the specific fuel injector to the particular cylinder and switch oxygen sensor control to open-loop.

In order to eliminate misfire faults that can occur as a result of varying flywheel tolerances (manufacturing process) an internal adaptation of the flywheel is made. The adaptation is made during periods of decel fuel cut-off in order to avoid any rotational irregularities which the engine can cause during combustion. This adaptation is used to correct segment duration periods prior to evaluation for a misfire event.

If the sensor wheel adaptation has not been completed the misfire thresholds are limited to engine speed dependent values only and misfire detection is less sensitive. The crankshaft sensor adaptation is stored internally and is not displayed via the DISplus. If the adaptation limit is exceeded a fault will be set.

The EMS must also determine the severity of the misfire and whether it is emissions relevant or catalyst damaging based on monitoring crankshaft acceleration.