Knock control, general

During knock control, there is first a retardation of the ignition timing in each cylinder. If the average value of the ignition retardation exceeds a certain value then the fuel will be enriched.

If the average value of the ignition retardation increases ever more, the engine torque will be limited to protect the engine from damage.

Torque limitation is continuous depending on the average value of the ignition retardation.