Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)
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Electrical Component Locations
Fluids
Technical Bulletins
Tire Fitment
Wiring Diagrams- System Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Computer Data Lines
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Power Steering
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Top/Sunroof
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlocks
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Accessories & Equipment
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Door Locks & Liftgate Release - Power
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- Notes
- Power Door Locks Inoperative
- Key Switch Inoperative Only
- Left Front Door Lock Interior Switch Inoperative
- Right Front Door Lock Interior Switch Inoperative
- Doors Will Not Lock
- Doors Will Not Unlock
- Left Front Door Lock Actuator Inoperative
- Right Front Door Lock Actuator Inoperative
- Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Front Door Actuators Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Rear Door Actuators Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Power Liftgate Lock Release System
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Door Locks & Liftgate Release - Power
- Cruise Control Systems
- Gauges & Instrument Panels
- Heated Glass/Defoggers
- Mirrors - Power
- Steering Column Switches
- Window Motors & Regulators
- Power Windows
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- System Check
- Symptom Diagnosis
- None Of The Windows Operate
- Left Front Window Does Not Operate
- Right Front Window Does Not Operate
- Left Rear Window Does Not Operate
- Right Rear Window Does Not Operate
- Window(s) Do Not Operate From Individual Switch But Operate
- Left Front Window Operates But With No Express Mode
- Window(s) Operate From Individual Switches But Do Not Operate
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Power Windows
- Wiper/Washer Systems
- Description & Operation
- Testing
- Front
- Notes
- Wipers Do Not Operate In Any Mode Test
- Wipers Run At High Speed Only Test
- Wipers Run At Low Speed Only Test
- Wipers Run On Intermittent Only Or Wipers Do Not Run On
- Wipers Run With Wiper Switch Off Test
- Excessive Wiper Motor Noise Test
- Washer Pump Does Not Operate Test
- Washer Pump Fluid Pressure Low Test
- Liftgate
- Front
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Theft Systems
- Body & Frame
- Door Locks & Liftgate Release - Power
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- Notes
- Power Door Locks Inoperative
- Key Switch Inoperative Only
- Left Front Door Lock Interior Switch Inoperative
- Right Front Door Lock Interior Switch Inoperative
- Doors Will Not Lock
- Doors Will Not Unlock
- Left Front Door Lock Actuator Inoperative
- Right Front Door Lock Actuator Inoperative
- Left Rear Door Lock Actuator Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Right Rear Door Lock Actuator Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Front Door Actuators Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Rear Door Actuators Inoperative (4-Door Only)
- Power Liftgate Lock Release System
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Mirrors - Power
- Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
- Sun Roof - Power
- Description & Operation
- Servicing
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Notes
- Pre-Checks
- Sun Roof Does Not Operate
- Check Ignition Fuse No. 3 (Maxifuse)
- Check Ignition Fuse No. 3 (Minifuse)
- Check Window Fuse
- Check Sun Roof Fuse
- Check Ground Circuit No. 155ZZ (Black Wire)
- Check Ground Circuit No. 155N (Black Wire)
- Check Ground Circuit No. 155GG (Black Wire)
- Check Circuit No. 1930A (Red/White Wire)
- Check Circuit No. 300 (Orange Wire)
- Check Circuit No. 1934 (Red Wire)
- Check Circuit No. 1617B (Pink Wire)
- Check Circuit No. 1617C (Pink Wire)
- Check Window Relay
- Check Sun Roof Switch
- Check Sun Roof Motor
- Sun Roof Operates Slow
- Sun Roof Does Not Vent
- Sun Roof Operates Noisy
- Sun Roof & Windows Do Not Operate
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Sun Roof - Power
- Power Windows
- Description & Operation
- Trouble Shooting
- System Check
- Symptom Diagnosis
- None Of The Windows Operate
- Left Front Window Does Not Operate
- Right Front Window Does Not Operate
- Left Rear Window Does Not Operate
- Right Rear Window Does Not Operate
- Window(s) Do Not Operate From Individual Switch But Operate
- Left Front Window Operates But With No Express Mode
- Window(s) Operate From Individual Switches But Do Not Operate
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Wiring Diagrams
- Door Locks & Liftgate Release - Power
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Description
- Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Codes
- Code I - No Scan Data
- Code 12 - Anti-Lock Warning Light Or Traction Led Fault (Automatic Transaxle Models)
- Code 12 - Anti-Lock Warning Light Fault (Manual Transaxle Models)
- Code 14 - Switched Battery Circuit Open
- Information Flag 15 - Switched Battery Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 16 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Open
- Information Flag 17 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Grounded
- Code 18 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 21 - Left Front Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 22 - Right Front Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 23 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 24 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 25 - Left Front Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 26 - Right Front Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 27 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 28 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 36 - Abs System Voltage Low
- Code 37 - Abs System Voltage High
- Code 38 - Left Front ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 41 - Right Front ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 42 - Rear ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 44 - Left Front Motor Frozen
- Code 45 - Right Front Motor Frozen
- Code 46 - Rear Motor Frozen
- Code 47 - Left Front Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 48 - Right Front Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 51 - Rear Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 52 - Left Front Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 53 - Right Front Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 54 - Rear Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 55 - Motor Circuit Fault
- Code 56 - Left Front Motor Circuit Open
- Code 57 - Left Front Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 58 - Left Front Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 61 - Right Front Motor Circuit Open
- Code 62 - Right Front Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 63 - Right Front Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery
- Code 64 - Rear Motor Circuit Open
- Code 65 - Rear Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 66 - Rear Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 76 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1288 Open Or Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 77 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1288 Grounded
- Code 78 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1289 Open Or Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 81 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1289 Grounded
- Code 82 - Abs Calibration Fault
- Code 86 - Brake Warning Light Commanded On By Abs Module
- Information Flag 87 - Brake Warning Light Circuit Open
- Information Flag 88 - Brake Warning Light Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 91 - Brake Switch Open During Normal Stop
- Code 92 - Brake Switch Open During Abs Stop
- Code 93 - Brake Switch Circuit Open During Initialization
- Information Flag 94 - Brake Switch Circuit Always Closed
- Code 95 - Brake Switch Circuit Open
- Information Flag 96 - Stoplights Inoperative
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagram
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Mechanical - Hydraulic
- Disc & Drum
- Description & Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Adjustments
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Torque Specifications
- Disc Brake Specifications
- Drum Brake Specifications
- Disc & Drum
- Traction Control
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Description
- Operation
- Bleeding Brake System
- Trouble Shooting
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic Codes
- Code I - No Scan Data
- Code 12 - Anti-Lock Warning Light Or Traction Led Fault (Automatic Transaxle Models)
- Code 12 - Anti-Lock Warning Light Fault (Manual Transaxle Models)
- Code 14 - Switched Battery Circuit Open
- Information Flag 15 - Switched Battery Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 16 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Open
- Information Flag 17 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Grounded
- Code 18 - Enable Relay Coil Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 21 - Left Front Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 22 - Right Front Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 23 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 24 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Equals Zero Mph
- Code 25 - Left Front Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 26 - Right Front Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 27 - Left Rear Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 28 - Right Rear Wheel Speed Acceleration Fault
- Code 36 - Abs System Voltage Low
- Code 37 - Abs System Voltage High
- Code 38 - Left Front ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 41 - Right Front ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 42 - Rear ESB Does Not Hold Motor
- Code 44 - Left Front Motor Frozen
- Code 45 - Right Front Motor Frozen
- Code 46 - Rear Motor Frozen
- Code 47 - Left Front Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 48 - Right Front Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 51 - Rear Motor Circuit Current Low
- Code 52 - Left Front Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 53 - Right Front Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 54 - Rear Motor In Release Too Long
- Code 55 - Motor Circuit Fault
- Code 56 - Left Front Motor Circuit Open
- Code 57 - Left Front Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 58 - Left Front Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 61 - Right Front Motor Circuit Open
- Code 62 - Right Front Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 63 - Right Front Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery
- Code 64 - Rear Motor Circuit Open
- Code 65 - Rear Motor Circuit Grounded
- Code 66 - Rear Motor Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 76 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1288 Open Or Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 77 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1288 Grounded
- Code 78 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1289 Open Or Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 81 - Solenoid Circuit No. 1289 Grounded
- Code 82 - Abs Calibration Fault
- Code 86 - Brake Warning Light Commanded On By Abs Module
- Information Flag 87 - Brake Warning Light Circuit Open
- Information Flag 88 - Brake Warning Light Circuit Shorted To Battery Voltage
- Code 91 - Brake Switch Open During Normal Stop
- Code 92 - Brake Switch Open During Abs Stop
- Code 93 - Brake Switch Circuit Open During Initialization
- Information Flag 94 - Brake Switch Circuit Always Closed
- Code 95 - Brake Switch Circuit Open
- Information Flag 96 - Stoplights Inoperative
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagram
- Anti-Lock Brake System
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Drivelines & Axles
- Electrical
- Charging Systems
- Alternator & Regulator
- Description
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- On-Vehicle Testing
- Notes
- Charge Warning Light Does Not Light
- Charge Warning Light Stays On At All Times
- Battery Undercharged
- Battery Overcharged
- Lights Dim Idling
- Lights Dim Over 1000 Rpm
- Noisy Alternator
- Radio Noise/Hum Or Whistle
- Alternator Output Exceeds 16 Volts
- Parasitic Load Test
- Battery/Alternator Load Test (ARBST Test)
- Carbon Pile Load Alternator Test
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Wiring Diagram
- Alternator & Regulator
- Component Locations
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Gauges
- Starter
- Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Anti-Lock Brakes
- Computer Data Lines
- Cruise Control
- Defoggers
- Electronic Power Steering
- Engine Performance
- Exterior Lights
- Ground Distribution
- Headlights
- Horn
- Instrument Cluster
- Interior Lights
- Power Distribution
- Power Door Locks
- Power Mirrors
- Power Top/Sunroof
- Power Windows
- Radio
- Shift Interlocks
- Starting/Charging
- Supplemental Restraints
- Transmission
- Trunk, Tailgate, Fuel Door
- Warning Systems
- Wiper/Washer
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- System Wiring Diagrams
- Charging Systems
- Engine Mechanical
- Accessory Drive Belts
- Engine Cooling Fan
- Cooling System (Mechanical)
- Mechanical
- 1.9L 4-CYL - VINS [7,9]
- Engine Identification
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Removal & Installation
- Overhaul
- Lubrication
- Torque Specifications
- Engine Specifications
- General Engine Specifications
- Crankshaft, Main & Connecting Rod Bearings Specifications
- Connecting Rods Specifications
- Pistons, Pins & Rings Specifications
- Cylinder Block Specifications
- Valves & Valve Springs Specifications (DOHC)
- Valves & Valve Springs Specifications (SOHC)
- Cylinder Head Specifications (DOHC)
- Cylinder Head Specifications (SOHC)
- Camshaft & Camshaft Drive Specifications
- Valve Lifters Specifications
- 1.9L 4-CYL - VINS [7,9]
- Starter
- Engine Performance
- Engine Controls - Adjustments
- Application
- Emissions
- EGR Function Testing - General Motors Cars
- Emission Applications
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
- Remove, Overhaul & Install
- Engine Controls - Remove/Install/Overhaul
- Introduction
- Ignition System
- Fuel System
- Torque Specifications
- Engine Controls - Remove/Install/Overhaul
- Sensor Range Charts
- Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
- Engine Controls - Specifications
- System
- EGR Function Testing
- Engine Controls - Basic Testing
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- Introduction
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Engine Sensors & Switches
- Notes
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- A/C ON (A/C Request) Switch Test
- A/C Pressure Sensor
- A/C Pressure Switch
- Brake Switch
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Handwheel Sensor
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor (C-1)
- Manifold Air Temperature (MAT) Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor
- Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Switch (C-1)
- Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch (C-1)
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (PM Generator Type)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (LED Type)
- Motors, Relays & Solenoids
- Fuel System
- Idle Control System (C-2)
- Ignition System
- Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
- Miscellaneous Controls
- Diagnostic Charts
- Component Locations
- Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Introduction
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Notes
- Hard Failures
- Intermittent Failures
- Malfunction History & Information Flags
- Diagnostic Procedure
- Retrieving Codes (Non-Scan)
- Reading Trouble Codes
- Trouble Code Definition
- Hard Or Intermittent Trouble Code Determination
- Clearing Trouble Codes
- Information Flags
- Notes
- Flag 16: Electrical Variable Orifice (EVO) Fault
- Flag 27: Quick Quad-Driver Output Fault
- Flag 48: Reference Input Intermittent Or Noisy
- Flag 52: Battery Voltage Out Of Range
- Flag 53: ESC (Knock Present)
- Flag 54: 5-Volt Reference Ground
- Flag 58: Battery Voltage Unstable
- Flag 61: 6X Signal Fault
- Flag 63: Option Check Sum Error
- Flag 67: Handwheel Sensor Circuit Fault
- Flag 71: Cooling System High Temperature
- Flag 72: Cooling System Low Temperature
- Flag 73: Coolant Sensor Signal Unstable
- Flag 74: Coolant/Transmission Temperature Sensor Ratio Error
- Flag 75: Air Temperature Sensor Signal Unstable
- Of Range
- Flag 83: LOW Coolant
- ECM/Pcm Location
- Diagnostic Materials
- Special Tools (Diagnostic)
- Scan Tester Usage
- Scan Data
- ECM/Pcm Code Charts
- Notes
- Code 13: Open Oxygen Sensor Circuit
- Code 14: Coolant Temperature Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 15: Coolant Temperature Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 17: Pcm Fault (Pull-Up Resistor)
- Code 19: 6X Signal Fault
- Code 21: Throttle Position Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 22: Throttle Position Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 23: Mat Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 24: Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Code 25: Mat Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 26: Quad-Driver Error
- Code 32: EGR System Error
- Code 33: Map Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 34: Map Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 35: IAC Idle Speed Error
- Code 41: Est Circuit Open Or Shorted
- Codes 41 & 42 Simultaneous: By-Pass Open Or Grounded
- Code 42: By-Pass Open Or Shorted
- Code 43: ESC Open Or Shorted
- Code 44: Lean Exhaust Indication
- Code 45: Rich Exhaust Indication
- Code 46: Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Code 49: Idle Rpm High (Vacuum Leak)
- Code 51: Faulty Prom/Mem-Cal
- Code 52: Faulty Cal-PAK
- Code 55: Pcm Error
- Code 81: Abs Message Fault
- Code 82: Internal Pcm Communication Fault
- Summary
- Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- Symptoms
- INTERMITTENTS
- Testing & Diagnosis
- EGR Function Testing
- Engine Controls - Basic Testing
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- Introduction
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Engine Sensors & Switches
- Notes
- Engine Controls - System/Component Tests
- A/C ON (A/C Request) Switch Test
- A/C Pressure Sensor
- A/C Pressure Switch
- Brake Switch
- Crankshaft Position Sensor
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Handwheel Sensor
- Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
- Knock Sensor (KS)
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor (C-1)
- Manifold Air Temperature (MAT) Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor
- Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Switch (C-1)
- Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch (C-1)
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (PM Generator Type)
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (LED Type)
- Motors, Relays & Solenoids
- Fuel System
- Idle Control System (C-2)
- Ignition System
- Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
- Miscellaneous Controls
- Diagnostic Charts
- Component Locations
- Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Controls - Tests W/Codes
- Introduction
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Notes
- Hard Failures
- Intermittent Failures
- Malfunction History & Information Flags
- Diagnostic Procedure
- Retrieving Codes (Non-Scan)
- Reading Trouble Codes
- Trouble Code Definition
- Hard Or Intermittent Trouble Code Determination
- Clearing Trouble Codes
- Information Flags
- Notes
- Flag 16: Electrical Variable Orifice (EVO) Fault
- Flag 27: Quick Quad-Driver Output Fault
- Flag 48: Reference Input Intermittent Or Noisy
- Flag 52: Battery Voltage Out Of Range
- Flag 53: ESC (Knock Present)
- Flag 54: 5-Volt Reference Ground
- Flag 58: Battery Voltage Unstable
- Flag 61: 6X Signal Fault
- Flag 63: Option Check Sum Error
- Flag 67: Handwheel Sensor Circuit Fault
- Flag 71: Cooling System High Temperature
- Flag 72: Cooling System Low Temperature
- Flag 73: Coolant Sensor Signal Unstable
- Flag 74: Coolant/Transmission Temperature Sensor Ratio Error
- Flag 75: Air Temperature Sensor Signal Unstable
- Of Range
- Flag 83: LOW Coolant
- ECM/Pcm Location
- Diagnostic Materials
- Special Tools (Diagnostic)
- Scan Tester Usage
- Scan Data
- ECM/Pcm Code Charts
- Notes
- Code 13: Open Oxygen Sensor Circuit
- Code 14: Coolant Temperature Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 15: Coolant Temperature Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 17: Pcm Fault (Pull-Up Resistor)
- Code 19: 6X Signal Fault
- Code 21: Throttle Position Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 22: Throttle Position Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 23: Mat Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 24: Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Code 25: Mat Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 26: Quad-Driver Error
- Code 32: EGR System Error
- Code 33: Map Sensor Signal Voltage High
- Code 34: Map Sensor Signal Voltage Low
- Code 35: IAC Idle Speed Error
- Code 41: Est Circuit Open Or Shorted
- Codes 41 & 42 Simultaneous: By-Pass Open Or Grounded
- Code 42: By-Pass Open Or Shorted
- Code 43: ESC Open Or Shorted
- Code 44: Lean Exhaust Indication
- Code 45: Rich Exhaust Indication
- Code 46: Power Steering Pressure Switch
- Code 49: Idle Rpm High (Vacuum Leak)
- Code 51: Faulty Prom/Mem-Cal
- Code 52: Faulty Cal-PAK
- Code 55: Pcm Error
- Code 81: Abs Message Fault
- Code 82: Internal Pcm Communication Fault
- Summary
- Wiring Diagrams
- Engine Controls - Tests W/O Codes
- Introduction
- Symptoms
- INTERMITTENTS
- Theory and Operation
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
- Introduction
- Air Induction System
- Computerized Engine Controls
- Notes
- Powertrain Control Module (Pcm)
- Input Devices
- Notes
- A/C "On" Switch
- A/C Pressure Sensor
- A/C Pressure Switches
- A/C Temperature Sensors
- Battery Voltage
- Brake Switch Feedback
- Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
- Fuel Pump Feedback
- Gear Switches
- Handwheel Sensor
- Ignition/Crank Signal
- Knock Sensor
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
- Manifold Air Temperature (MAT) Sensor
- Mass Airflow (MAF) Sensor
- Oxygen Sensor (O2S)
- Park/Neutral Position (PNP) Switch
- Power Steering Pressure (PSP) Switch
- RPM Reference Signal
- Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
- Vehicle Speed Sensor (VSS)
- Output Signals
- Notes
- A/C Clutch
- Air Injection Control Solenoid
- Boost Control Solenoid (Supercharger)
- Canister Purge Solenoid
- Cooling Fan Relay
- Digital EGR Valve
- EGR Control Solenoid
- Electronic Variable Orifice (EVO) Actuator
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Pump & Fuel Pump Relay
- HOT Light Or Coolant Temperature (TEMP) Light
- Idle Air Control (IAC) Valve
- Knock Control System
- Malfunction Indicator Light (MIL)
- Opti-Spark System
- Self-Diagnostics
- Serial Data
- Shift Light
- Shift Solenoids (Electronically-Controlled Auto Transmission)
- Torque Converter Clutch
- Fuel System
- Ignition System
- Emission Systems
- Self-Diagnostic System
- Miscellaneous Controls
- Engine Controls - Theory & Operation
- Vacuum Diagrams
- Wiring Diagrams
- General Information
- Abbreviations
- Basic Trouble Shooting
- Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
- Emission Control Abbreviations
- Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
- Brakes
- Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
- Map - Brake Systems
- Brake Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accelerometers
- Accumulators
- Anchor Pins
- Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
- Anti-Lock Brake Controller
- Anti-Lock Brake Systems
- Axle Seal
- Backing Plates
- Bleeder Screw
- Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
- Brake Fluid
- Brake Friction Material
- Brake On - Off Switch
- Brake Pads
- Brake Pedals
- Brake Shoe Hardware
- Brake Shoes
- Brake Stoplight Switches
- Brake Warning Light (Amber)
- Brake Warning Light (Red)
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs And LEDS
- Caliper Hardware
- Caliper Mounting Pin
- Caliper Piston
- Caliper Shim
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
- Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
- Calipers
- Combination Valve
- Controllers
- Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
- Disable Switches
- Drums
- Electrical Brake Pumps
- Electrical Park Motor
- Electrical Pumps And Motors
- Electro-Magnetic Interference
- Electronic Brake Control Modulator
- Electronic Brake Distribution
- Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
- Electronic Controllers
- Electronic Traction Control
- External Brake Cable
- Flow Control Valve
- Fluid Level Sensor Switches
- Fluid
- Four Wheel Drive Switches
- Friction Material
- G Sensors
- Gaskets
- Gravitational Switches
- Grease Seal
- Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
- High Pressure Accumulator
- Hoses
- Hub
- Hydraulic Control Unit
- Hydraulic Modulators
- Hydro-Boosters
- Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
- Ignition Disable Switches
- Lamp Driver Relay
- Lateral Acceleration Switches
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Low Pressure Accumulator
- Lug Nut
- Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
- Master Cylinders
- Modulators
- Motor Pack
- Motors
- Pads
- Parking Brake Cable
- Parking Brake Mechanism
- Parking Brake Shoes
- Parking Brake Switches
- Parking Brake Systems
- Pedal Travel Switches
- Pedals
- Power Distribution Center
- POWERMASTER
- Pressure Differential Switches
- Pressure Switches
- Pressure Transducers
- Proportioning Valve
- Pumps
- Relays
- RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
- Rotors
- Self-Adjusting Systems
- Shoe Hardware
- Shoes
- Sockets
- Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Star Wheel
- Steel Brake Lines
- Stoplight Switches
- Stroke Sensor
- Switches
- Tires
- Tone Ring
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Traction Control System (TCS)
- Transfer Tubes
- Vacuum Boosters
- Vacuum Hoses
- Valves
- Wear Indicator
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheel Cylinders
- Wiring Harnesses
- Yaw Rate Sensor
- Brake System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Brake Systems
- Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Maintenance Overview
- Antifreeze/Coolant
- Visual Inspection
- Radiator Cap Test
- Engine Fan
- Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
- Belts (Except Timing Belts)
- Belt TENSIONER
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
- Engine Oil
- Air Filters
- Cabin Air Filter
- Brake Fluid
- Battery
- Battery Cables
- Power Steering
- Power Steering Fluid
- Wiper Blades
- Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
- Routine Inspection - UICS
- Brake Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- Differential Fluid
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Filters And Screens
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Vacuum Hoses
- Electrical Systems
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accessory Belts
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Pump Belts
- Batteries
- Battery Connectors
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Rotors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Intake Cleaning
- O2 Sensors
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Valves
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Spark Plugs
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Timing Belts
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Wheel & Tire Supplement
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Routine Inspection Reference Guide
- Check Lists
- Computer Relearn Procedures
- Driveline/Axles
- Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
- Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
- Map - Drive Train & Transmission
- Drive Train & Transmission Systems
- Drivetrain And Transmission
- Notes
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
- Automatic Transmission Fluid
- Axles
- Bearings And Races
- Bell Cranks
- Bell Housings
- Bushings (External)
- Cables (Speedometer)
- Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
- Carrier Bearings
- Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
- Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
- Clutch Forks
- Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
- Clutch Master Cylinders
- Clutch Pedals
- Clutch Pivots
- Clutch Pressure Plates
- Clutch Release Bearings
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
- Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
- Companion Flanges
- Connectors
- Cooler Bypass Valves
- Cooler Lines
- Coolers
- CV Joints
- Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
- Differential Fluid
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
- Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
- Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Drive Shaft Flanges
- Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
- Dust Boots
- Engine Mounts
- Exciter Rings
- Filler Tubes
- Filters And Screens
- Flanges
- Flex Plates
- Fluid Level Indicators
- Fluids And Lubricants
- Flywheels
- Force Motors
- Gaskets
- Guides
- Half Shafts
- Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
- Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
- Hydraulic Fluid
- Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
- Key Interlock Systems
- Limited Slips
- Lines
- Linkages (External)
- Locking Hub Assemblies
- Locking Hub Control Knobs
- Lubricants
- Manual Transmission Fluid
- Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
- Metal Clad Seals
- METALASTIC Joints
- Modulator Pins
- Modulators
- Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
- Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Oil Pans
- Pans
- Pilot Holes
- Pressure Plates
- Pressure Switches
- Races
- Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
- Screens
- Seals (Metal Clad)
- Seals
- Selector Interlock Systems
- Sensors
- Servos
- Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
- Side Covers
- Slip Yokes
- Solenoids
- Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
- Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
- Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
- Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
- Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
- Switches
- Tone Wheels
- Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
- Torque Converters
- Transaxle Mounts
- Transducers (Transmission)
- Transfer Case Assemblies
- Transfer Case Fluid
- Transmission Coolers
- Transmission Mounts
- Transmission Pans
- Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
- Tubes
- Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
- Vacuum Controls
- Vacuum Hoses
- Vacuum Motors
- Vacuum-Operated Switches
- Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Vents
- Vibration Dampers
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Speed Sensors
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Yokes And Slip Yokes
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
- Electrical
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Electrical Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Actuator Motors (Electric)
- Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
- Air Bags
- Alternators And Generators
- Amplifiers
- Antennas
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Cables
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belts
- Bulb Sockets
- Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
- Cd Players
- Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
- Circuit Breakers
- Clutch Switches
- Connectors
- Control Modules
- Cruise Control Brake Switches
- Cruise Control Cables
- Cruise Control Clutch Switches
- Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
- Cruise Control Reservoirs
- Cruise Control Tubes
- Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
- Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
- Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
- Defoggers
- Defrosters
- Delays
- Dimmers
- Electric Heaters
- Equalizers
- Fuse Blocks
- Fuse Boxes And Blocks
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gauges
- Generators
- Ground Cables And Straps
- Ground Straps
- Headlight Adjusters
- Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
- Horns And Sirens
- Ignition Switches
- Indicator Lights
- Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
- Keyless Entry Transmitters
- LEDS
- Lenses
- Microphones
- Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
- Motors
- Neutral Safety Switches
- Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
- Odometers
- Power Distribution Center
- Pulleys
- Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
- Relay Boxes
- Relays
- Sealed Beams
- Seat Heaters
- Security Alarm Sensors
- Sirens
- Solenoids
- Speakers And Microphones
- Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
- Speedometer Cables
- Speedometers
- Starters
- Sub-Woofer Volume Control
- Switches
- Tachometer Cables
- Tachometers
- Tape Players And Cd Players
- TENSIONERS
- Timers
- Transceivers
- Transducers
- Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
- Voltage Regulators
- Washer Fluid Level Senders
- Washer Pumps
- Wiper Arms And Blades
- Wiper Blades
- Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
- Wiper Linkages
- Wiper Nozzles
- Wiper Pump Reservoirs
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Electrical Systems
- Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
- Map - Electrical Systems
- Engine
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Description
- Engine Identification
- Inspection Procedures
- Cleaning Procedures
- Component Cleaning
- Cylinder Head Replacement
- Cylinder Head Overhaul
- Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
- Crankshaft & Main Bearings
- Camshaft
- Timing Chains & Belts
- Timing Gears
- Oil Pump
- Break-In Procedure
- General Cooling System Service - General Information
- Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
- Engine Performance
- Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
- Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
- Engine Performance Safety Precautions
- Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
- Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
- Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
- Engine Performance And Maintenance
- Notes
- Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
- Accessory Belts
- Accessory Pulleys
- Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
- Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
- Air Ducts And Tubes
- Air Filter Elements
- Air Filter Gaskets
- Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
- Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
- Air Injection Control Solenoids
- Air Plenums
- Air Pump Belts
- Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
- Air Tubes
- Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
- Baffles
- Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
- Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
- Barometric Pressure Sensors
- Batteries
- Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
- Battery Connectors
- Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
- Battery Wires
- Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
- Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
- Belt-Driven Air Pumps
- Boost Control Mechanism
- Camshaft Position Sensors
- Carburetors And Chokes
- Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
- Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
- Check Valves
- Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Chokes
- Clutch Pedal Position Switches
- Cold Start Injectors
- Combustion Chamber Cleaning
- Connectors
- Coolant Recovery Tanks
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Motor Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
- Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
- Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
- Cooling Fan Motor Switches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Crankshaft Position Sensors
- Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
- Cylinder Head Assemblies
- DECEL Valves
- Deflectors
- Dip Stick Tubes
- Dip Sticks And Tubes
- Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Boots And Shields
- Distributor Caps
- Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
- Distributor Rotors
- Distributor Shields
- Distributors
- Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
- EGR Coolers
- EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
- EGR Plates And Coolers
- Electronic Spark Control Modules
- Electronic Transmission Control Devices
- Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
- Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
- Engine Cooling Systems
- Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
- Engine DECARBONIZATION
- Engine Oil Canisters
- Engine Oil Coolers (External)
- Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
- Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
- Engine Oil Gaskets
- Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
- Engine Oil
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
- Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
- Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
- Expansion Plugs
- Fan Control Sensor
- Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
- Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
- Fuel Caps
- Fuel Dampers
- Fuel Delivery Check Valves
- Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
- Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
- Fuel Filters
- Fuel Injector Cleaning
- Fuel Injectors
- Fuel Level Senders
- Fuel Pressure Regulators
- Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
- Fuel Rails
- Fuel RESTRICTORS
- Fuel System Cleaning Service
- Fuel Tanks
- Fuel
- Gaskets
- Grommets (Valve Cover)
- Harmonic Dampers
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Hose Clamps
- Hose Connectors
- Hose Couplers
- Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
- Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
- Housings
- Idle Air Controls
- Idle Speed Control Actuators
- Ignition Boots
- Ignition Coil Towers
- Ignition Coils
- Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
- Ignition Switches
- Ignition Terminals
- Ignition Wires (Secondary)
- Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
- Intake Air Temperature Sensors
- Intake Cleaning
- Intake Manifolds
- In-Tank Fuel Strainers
- INTERCOOLERS
- Knock Sensors
- Liquid Vapor Separators
- Long Block Assemblies
- Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
- Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
- Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
- Metal Air Pipes
- Mix Control Solenoids
- Motor Mounts
- O2 Sensors
- Oil Pans
- Oil Pressure Sending Units
- Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
- Oil Pumps
- O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
- Park Neutral Position Switches
- PCV Breather Elements
- PCV Orifices
- PCV Valves
- Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
- Power Steering Pressure Sensors
- Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
- Powertrain Control Prom
- Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
- Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
- Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
- Radiators
- Roll Over Valves
- Sealing Compounds
- Seals
- Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
- Sensors
- Short Block Assemblies
- Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
- Spark Plugs
- Spring Locks
- Super Chargers
- Switches
- Thermal Vacuum Valves
- Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
- Thermostats And Housings
- Throttle Bodies
- Throttle Body Cleaning
- Throttle Cables
- Throttle Linkages And Cables
- Throttle Position Sensors
- Throttle Position Switches
- Timing Belt Sprockets
- Timing Belts
- Timing Covers
- Torque Struts
- Transmission Range Switches
- Tube Clamps
- Tube Connectors
- Tube Couplers
- Tubes
- Turbo Chargers
- Vacuum Connections
- Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
- Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valve Covers
- Vehicle Speed Senors
- Volume Air Flow Sensors
- Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
- Waste Gate Control Solenoids
- Water Pumps (Electric)
- Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
- State Emission Standards - Diesel
- State Emission Standards - Gas
- ALASKA
- ARIZONA
- CALIFORNIA
- Colorado
- CONNECTICUT
- DELAWARE
- District Of COLUMBIA
- GEORGIA
- IDAHO
- ILLINOIS
- INDIANA
- KENTUCKY
- MARYLAND
- MASSACHUSETTS
- MISSOURI
- NEVADA
- New Jersey
- New MEXICO
- New YORK
- North CAROLINA
- OHIO
- OREGON
- PENNSYLVANIA
- RHODE Island
- TENNESSEE
- TEXAS
- UTAH
- VIRGINIA
- WASHINGTON
- WISCONSIN
- U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
- U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
- U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
- Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
- * Please Read This First *
- Purpose Of This Article
- Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
- The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
- The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
- Interpreting Injector Waveforms
- Current Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Voltage Waveform Samples
- Notes
- Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
- Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
- Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
- Map - Exhaust Systems
- Exhaust Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Catalytic Converters
- Exhaust And Tail Pipes
- Exhaust Connections
- Hangers
- Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
- Heat Shields
- Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
- Mechanical EFE Devices
- Muffler Valve
- Mufflers And Resonators
- Reason Code Explanation
- Exhaust Systems
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Notes
- Map Standards Of Service
- The Map Process - Overview
- The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
- Accumulators
- Actuators (Electrical)
- Actuators (Vacuum)
- Air Conditioning Fittings
- Air Conditioning Hoses
- Air Conditioning Metal Lines
- Air Control Doors
- Air Dams (External)
- Air Distribution System
- Belts
- Blend Doors
- Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
- Blower Motors
- Blower Resistors
- Blower Switches
- Cabin Air Filters
- Circuit Breakers
- Compressor Clutch Assemblies
- Compressors
- Condenser Air Seals
- Condenser Fan Motors
- Condensers
- Connectors
- Control Cables
- Control Heads (Function Selectors)
- Control Linkages
- Control Modules
- Coolant
- Cooling Fan Blades
- Cooling Fan Clutches
- Cooling Fan Motors
- Evaporator Drain Tubes
- Evaporator Filters
- Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
- Evaporators
- Expansion Valves
- Function Selectors
- Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
- Fusible Links
- Gaskets
- Heater Cases
- Heater Control Valves
- Heater Cores
- Heater Hoses
- High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
- Idlers
- In-Line Filters
- Metal Fittings
- Metal Lines
- Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
- ORIFACE Tubes
- O-Rings
- Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
- Plenums
- Pressure Control Valves
- Pressure Sensors
- Pulleys
- Radiators
- Receiver-DRIERS
- Refrigerant Oil
- Refrigerant
- Relays
- Seals
- Service Ports
- Spring Lock Couplings
- Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
- Switches (Electrical)
- TENSIONERS
- Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
- Thermostats And Housings
- Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
- Vacuum Reservoirs
- Vacuum Tubes
- Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
- Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
- Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
- Identification
- Metric Conversions
- OEM General Information
- How To Use The Engine Performance Section
- Restraints
- RPO Codes
- Steering
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Steering & Suspension Systems
- Wheel And Tire
- Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
- Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
- Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
- Notes
- Active Handling
- Active Suspension Control Modules
- Active Variable Ratio Steering
- Active Yaw Control
- Adaptive Cruise Control
- Advance TRAC
- Air Bags
- Air Ride Control Modules
- Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
- Air Ride Suspension
- Air Ride Tubes
- Air Shocks And Air Struts
- Air Spring Valves
- Air Springs
- Air Suspension Control Valves
- Air Suspension DRIERS
- Axle Acceleration Sensor
- Ball Joints
- Body Acceleration Sensor
- Bushings
- Center Links
- Compressors
- Continuous Damping Control
- Control Arm Shafts
- Control Arms
- Control Modules
- Distance Regulation Control Module
- Distance Regulation Sensor
- Drag Links
- Dynamic Stability Control
- Dynamic Stability Traction Control
- Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
- Electronic Stability Control
- Electronic Suspension System
- Flex Couplers
- Gaskets
- Height Sensors
- Hydraulic Hoses
- Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
- Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
- Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
- Idler Arms
- Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
- King Pins
- Modules
- Pitman Arms
- Power Steering Belts
- Power Steering Coolers
- Power Steering Fluid
- Power Steering Hoses
- Power Steering Lines (Steel)
- Power Steering Pumps - Electric
- Power Steering Pumps
- Radar Sensor
- Radius Arms
- Relay Rods
- Relays
- Sensors
- Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
- Spindles
- Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
- STABILITRAC
- Stability Management System
- Steering Angle Sensor
- Steering Arms
- Steering Couplers
- Steering Dampers
- Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
- Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
- Steering Knuckles
- Strike Out Bumpers
- Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
- Strut Rods
- Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
- Sway Bar Links
- Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
- Sway Bars
- Switches
- Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
- Tire Pressure Monitoring System
- Tire Pressure Sensors
- Tires
- Torque Sensor
- Torsion Springs
- Track Bar Bushings
- Track Bars
- Trailing Arm Bushings
- Trailing Arms
- Valve Stems
- Vehicle Dynamics Control
- Vehicle Speed Sensor
- Vehicle Stability Assist
- Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
- Warning Lamps
- Wheel Alignment
- Wheel Attachment Hardware
- Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
- Wheels (Rims)
- Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
- Reason Code Explanation
- Automotive Terminology & Definitions
- Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
- Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
- Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
- Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
- General Servicing
- HVAC Control Systems
- A/C-Heater System - Manual
- Description & Operation
- Adjustments
- Trouble Shooting
- Blower Motor Inoperative
- Blower Motor Operates In High Speed With Ignition On Or Off
- Blower Motor Operates In High Speed When Blower Switch Is Activated
- Blower Motor Operates In High Speed, But Not In Other Speeds
- Blower Motor Operates In All Speeds Except High Speed
- No Fresh Air Mode (Stays In Recirculated Air Mode)
- No Recirculated Air Mode (Stays In Fresh Air Mode)
- A/C Compressor Clutch Does Not Engage
- A/C Compressor Clutch Stays Engaged
- Cooling Fan Inoperative
- Cooling Fan Stays On
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Torque Specifications
- Wiring Diagram
- A/C-Heater System - Manual
- Maintenance
- Procedures
- Maintenance Information
- Model Identification
- Maintenance Service Interval Definitions
- Service Labor Times
- Wheel & Tire Specifications
- Battery Specifications
- Cautions & Warnings
- Supplemental Restraint System (Air Bag) - 1992.5-95 Models
- Air Conditioning Servicing (1994-95)
- ANTI-LOCK BRAKE SYSTEM (If Equipped)
- Replacing Blown Fuses
- Battery Warning
- Brake Pad Wear Indicator
- Catalytic Converter
- Coolant (Phosphate-Free Formulations)
- Coolant (Propylene-Glycol Formulations)
- Electrostatic Discharge Sensitive (ESD) Parts
- Fuel System Service
- Halogen Bulbs
- Methanol Gasoline
- Radiator Cap
- Radiator Fan
- Spark Plugs
- Warranty Information
- Fuses & Circuit Breakers
- Notes
- Fuse Panel Identification (1991-92)
- Relay Identification
- Power Distribution Box Identification (1991-92)
- Mini-Fuse & Relay Identification
- Relay Identification (1991-92)
- Fuse Panel Identification (1993-94)
- Relay Identification (1993-94)
- Power Distribution Box Identification (1993-94)
- Mini-Fuse & Relay Identification (1993-94)
- Fuse Panel Identification (1995)
- Relay Identification (1995)
- Power Distribution Box Identification (1995)
- Maxi-Fuse Identification (1995)
- Mini-Fuse & Relay Identification (1995)
- Maintenance Information
- Procedures
- Restraints
- Air Bag, SRS
- Air Bag Restraint System
- Identification
- Symptom Testing - Diagnostic Charts
- Notes
- Sir Diagnostic System Check
- Chart A - Air Bag Warning Light Stays On Steady
- Chart B - Air Bag Warning Light Does Not Come On
- Chart C - Air Bag Warning Light Does Not Come On Steady During Cranking
- Chart D - DERM Cannot Communicate With PDT
- Chart E - History Code Diagnosis
- Code 21 - Steering Column Circuit Resistance Too High
- Code 22 - Steering Column Circuit Resistance Too High
- Codes 21 & 22 - Steering Column Circuit Resistance Undetermined
- Code 23 - Steering Column Circuit Voltage Too High
- Code 24 - Steering Column Circuit Voltage Too Low
- Code 25 - Short To Battery In Steering Column Circuit
- Code 26 - Open In Steering Column Circuit
- Code 31 - Open In 36-VLR To Deployment Loop
- Code 32 - Grounded 36-VLR To Deployment Loop
- Code 33 - Steering Diode Shorted In Arming Sensor
- Code 34 - Open In Ignition 1 Feed To Deployment Loop
- Code 35 - Discriminating Sensor Open
- Codes 41 & 42 - Deployment Loop Energy Reserve Voltage Fault
- Code 51 - Accident Detected
- Code 52 - EEPROM Accident Data Area Full
- Code 61 - Force Low Or Air Bag Warning Light Circuit Failure
- Code 71 - Internal DERM Fault
- Description & Operation
- Service Precautions
- Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
- Post-Collision Inspection
- Adjustments
- Disposal Procedures
- Removal & Installation
- Testing - System Operation Check
- Wire Repair
- Diagnosis & Testing
- Torque Specifications
- Post-Collision Air Bag Safety Inspection
- Wiring Diagram
- Post-Collision Air Bag Safety Inspection
- Air Bag Restraint System
- Restraints Control Systems
- Seat Belts - Automatic
- Description
- Operation
- Shoulder Belt Operation
- Shoulder Belt And Lap Belt Indicator/Reminder System
- Shoulder Belt Retractor/Power Passive Restraint Track System Interaction
- Component Location
- Trouble Shooting
- Mouse Stuck - Both At "B" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - Both At "A" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - One At "B" And The Other At "A"
- Mouse Stuck - One At "B" And The Other OK
- Mouse Stuck - One At "A" And The Other OK
- Mouse Stuck - One Or Both In Middle
- Mouse Stuck - Slow Mouse
- Mouse Stuck - Jerky Mouse
- Mouse Stuck - No Lap Telltale
- Mouse Stuck - Chime Inappropriate
- Mouse Stuck - Fails Performance Steps 6 And/Or 7
- Mouse Stuck - Shoulder TT Always On
- Mouse Stuck - Fails 13 Mph Override Test
- Mouse Stuck - Intermittent Pcm Code 26
- Mouse Stuck - Mouse Stops Just Short Of "A" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - Intermittent Bind At "B" Pillar
- System Performance Test
- 13 Mph Override Test
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostics (Fuses)
- Diagnostics (Quick Ground Checks)
- Diagnostics (Grounds)
- Circuits 155C & 155Y
- Circuits 159A, 159B, 155P, And The Left Front Door Ajar
- Circuit 159A
- Circuit 159B
- Left Front Door Ajar Switch
- Circuit 155P
- PRCM Ground Circuits 158A, 158B, 155L, And The Right Front
- Circuit 158A
- Circuit 158B
- Right Front Door Ajar Switch
- Circuit 155L
- Passive Restraint Control Module Ground Circuits 238, 155L, And The LAPBELT Buckle Switch
- Circuit 238
- LAPBELT Buckle Switch
- Circuit 155LL
- Circuits 1622, 155RR And The Driver Passive Restraint Latch Proximity Switch
- Circuit 1622
- Circuit 155RR
- Driver Passive Restraint Latch Proximity Switch
- Circuits 1620, 1621, 155R, And Driver Side "A" & "B" Position Sensor Switches
- Circuit 1621
- Circuit 1620
- Circuit 155R
- Circuits 1623, 1624, 155J, And "A" & "B" Position Sensor Switches
- Circuit 1624
- Circuit 1623
- Circuit 155J
- Circuit 80A/80B And Ignition Switch Key Minder Switch
- Ignition Switch Key Minder Switch
- Diagnostics (Power Circuits)
- Diagnostics (Components & Other Possible Causes)
- Wiring Diagrams
- Seat Belts - Automatic
- Seat Belts - Automatic
- Description
- Operation
- Shoulder Belt Operation
- Shoulder Belt And Lap Belt Indicator/Reminder System
- Shoulder Belt Retractor/Power Passive Restraint Track System Interaction
- Component Location
- Trouble Shooting
- Mouse Stuck - Both At "B" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - Both At "A" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - One At "B" And The Other At "A"
- Mouse Stuck - One At "B" And The Other OK
- Mouse Stuck - One At "A" And The Other OK
- Mouse Stuck - One Or Both In Middle
- Mouse Stuck - Slow Mouse
- Mouse Stuck - Jerky Mouse
- Mouse Stuck - No Lap Telltale
- Mouse Stuck - Chime Inappropriate
- Mouse Stuck - Fails Performance Steps 6 And/Or 7
- Mouse Stuck - Shoulder TT Always On
- Mouse Stuck - Fails 13 Mph Override Test
- Mouse Stuck - Intermittent Pcm Code 26
- Mouse Stuck - Mouse Stops Just Short Of "A" Pillar
- Mouse Stuck - Intermittent Bind At "B" Pillar
- System Performance Test
- 13 Mph Override Test
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostics (Fuses)
- Diagnostics (Quick Ground Checks)
- Diagnostics (Grounds)
- Circuits 155C & 155Y
- Circuits 159A, 159B, 155P, And The Left Front Door Ajar
- Circuit 159A
- Circuit 159B
- Left Front Door Ajar Switch
- Circuit 155P
- PRCM Ground Circuits 158A, 158B, 155L, And The Right Front
- Circuit 158A
- Circuit 158B
- Right Front Door Ajar Switch
- Circuit 155L
- Passive Restraint Control Module Ground Circuits 238, 155L, And The LAPBELT Buckle Switch
- Circuit 238
- LAPBELT Buckle Switch
- Circuit 155LL
- Circuits 1622, 155RR And The Driver Passive Restraint Latch Proximity Switch
- Circuit 1622
- Circuit 155RR
- Driver Passive Restraint Latch Proximity Switch
- Circuits 1620, 1621, 155R, And Driver Side "A" & "B" Position Sensor Switches
- Circuit 1621
- Circuit 1620
- Circuit 155R
- Circuits 1623, 1624, 155J, And "A" & "B" Position Sensor Switches
- Circuit 1624
- Circuit 1623
- Circuit 155J
- Circuit 80A/80B And Ignition Switch Key Minder Switch
- Ignition Switch Key Minder Switch
- Diagnostics (Power Circuits)
- Diagnostics (Components & Other Possible Causes)
- Wiring Diagrams
- Air Bag, SRS
- Steering
- Manual Steering
- Power Steering
- Steering Column
- Suspension
- Front Suspension
- Rear Suspension
- Wheel Alignment
- Transmission
- Automatic Trans
- Diagnosis - Mp6 & Mp7
- Identification
- Description & Operation
- Self-Diagnostics
- Notes
- Self-Diagnostics
- Reading Trouble Codes
- Retrieving Codes
- Trouble Codes & Information Flag Definitions
- Clearing Codes
- Pcm Learn Mode
- Actuator Quick Check
- DTC Charts
- DTC 13, High Line Pressure
- DTC 14, Low Line Pressure
- DTC 16, No 1ST Gear
- DTC 18, No Forward Gears
- DTC 21, 2ND Gear Stuck On
- DTC 22, No 2ND Gear
- DTC 23, No 3RD Gear
- DTC 24, No 4TH Gear
- DTC 25, No TCC
- DTC 26, TCC Stuck On
- DTC 31, Transaxle Temperature Cold (Circuit Open)
- DTC 32, Transaxle Temperature Hot (Circuit Grounded)
- DTC 34, Communications Error
- DTC 35, No Turbine Speed Input
- DTC 36, Noise On Turbine Speed Input
- DTC 41, Vehicle Speed Sensor Input Not Present
- DTC 42, Noise On Vehicle Speed Sensor Input
- DTC 43, Master Enable Relay Grounded/Open
- DTC 44, Master Enable Relay Shorted To Voltage
- DTC 45, Selector Switch No Data
- DTC 46, Selector Switch Incorrect Data
- DTC 49, Selector Switch Incorrect Data
- DTCs 54, 55 & 56, PCM FAILURE
- DTC 75, 3RD Gear Stuck On
- DTC 78, 4TH Gear Stuck On
- Information Flag Charts
- Information Flag Charts - Basic Procedures
- Flag 15, Low Coolant/Hot Light On
- Flag 47, Pcm Failure
- Flags 51 & 57, Pcm Failure
- Flags 61, 62, 63 & 64, Pcm Failure
- Flag 65, Battery Voltage Too High Or Too Low
- Flag 68, Line Actuator CKT Grounded/Open
- Flag 69, Line Actuator CKT Shorted To Voltage
- Flag 71, 2ND Gear Actuator CKT Grounded/Open
- Flag 72, 2ND Gear Actuator CKT Shorted To Voltage
- Flag 73, 3RD Gear Actuator CKT Grounded/Open
- Flag 74, 3RD Gear Actuator CKT Shorted To Voltage
- Flag 76, 4TH Gear Actuator CKT Grounded/Open
- Flag 77, 4TH Gear Actuator CKT Shorted To Voltage
- Flag 79, TCC Actuator CKT Grounded/Open
- Flag 81, TCC Actuator CKT Shorted To Voltage
- Flag 83, Low Transaxle Temperature
- Flag 84, Brake Switch Stuck Open
- Flag 85, Brake Switch Stuck Closed
- Flag 86, Pcm Failure
- Flag 89, Master Enable Relay Stuck On
- Flag 94, (1993) Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Flag 95, Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Flag 96, Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Flag 97, Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Flag 98, Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Flag 99, Intermittent Pcm Failure
- Wiring Diagram
- Overhaul - Mp6 & Mp7
- Application
- Identification
- Description
- Lubrication
- Adjustments
- On-Vehicle Service
- Trouble Shooting
- Torque Converter
- Electronic Self-Diagnostics & Electronic Testing
- Testing
- Removal & Installation
- Transaxle Disassembly
- Component Disassembly & Reassembly
- Transaxle Reassembly
- Transaxle Specifications
- Torque Specifications
- Removal & Installation - A/T
- Servicing - A/T
- Transmission Oil Pan Gasket Id
- Diagnosis - Mp6 & Mp7
- Clutches
- Hydraulic Diagrams - Mp-6 & Mp-7
- Manual Trans
- Overhaul - SATURN 5-Speed
- Removal & Installation - M/T
- Removal & Installation
- Notes
- Fwd Vehicles
- Notes
- Removal (Achieva & Grand Am NVT550 Transaxle)
- Removal (Beretta, Cavalier, Corsica, Cutlass Calais & Sunbird-NVT550 Transaxle)
- Installation (NVT550 Transaxle)
- Removal (Achieva, Beretta, Cavalier, Corsica, Cutlass Calais, Grand Am & Sunbird Isuzu Transaxle)
- Installation (Isuzu Transaxle)
- Removal & Installation (Cutlass Supreme, Grand Prix & Lumina)
- Removal & Installation (Saturn)
- RWD Vehicles
- Torque Specifications
- Removal & Installation
- Servicing - M/T
- Automatic Trans
- External Pages