Front Wheel Alignment: Adjustment

INSPECT TIRE (See WHEEL AND TIRE SYSTEM )

MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT

Vehicle height:

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION (2WD)

	USA, Canada	Mexico
Front (A-B)	89 mm (3.50 in.)	74 mm (2.91 in.)
Rear (D-C)	41 mm (1.61 in.)	30 mm (1.18 in.)

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION (4WD)

Front	A-B: 83 mm (3.27 in.)
Rear	D-C: 38 mm (1.50 in.)

Fig 1: Identifying Vehicle Height Dimension

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Measuring points:

A: Ground clearance of front wheel center

B: Ground clearance of lower suspension arm No.1 bush front bolt center

(2WD):

Ground clearance of axle beam set bolt center

(4WD):

Ground clearance of rear lower suspension arm rear bolt center

D: Ground clearance of rear wheel center

NOTE: Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.

HINT: Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect the vehicle height.

INSPECT TOE-IN
TOE-IN SPECIFICATION

Toe-in (total) A+B: 0° +/- 12' (0° +/- 0.2°) C-D: 0° 2 mm (0 +/- 0.08 in.)

HINT:
- Measure "C-D" only when "A+B" can not be measured.
- If the toe-in is not within the specified value, adjust it at the rack ends.
ADJUST TOE-IN
1. Measure the thread lengths of the right and left rack ends.
  Standard: Difference in thread length of 1.5 mm or less
2. Remove the rack boot set clips.
  
  Fig 2: Identifying Toe-In
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
3. Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
  1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.
  2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.
5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust toe-in.
  HINT: Try to adjust toe-in to the center of the specified range.
6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
  Standard: 0 +/- 1 mm
7. Torque the tie rod end lock nuts.
  Torque: 74 N.m (749 kgf.cm, 54 ft.lbf)
  
  NOTE: Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.
  HINT:
  
  Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
9. Perform VSC system calibration (See DTC CHECK/CLEAR ).
Fig 3: Loosening Tie Rod End Lock Nuts
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE

Turn the steering wheel fully and measure the turning angle.

Wheel turning angle:

WHEEL TURNING ANGLE SPECIFICATION (2WD)

	USA, Canada	Mexico
Inside wheel	36° 40' +/- 2°	36° 55' +/- 2°
	(36.67° +/- 2°)	(36.92° +/- 2°)
Outside wheel: Reference	31°53'(31.88°)	32°11'(32.18°)

WHEEL TURNING ANGLE SPECIFICATION (4WD)

Inside wheel	37° 03' (37.05°) +/- 2°
Outside wheel: Reference	32° 02' (32.03°)

If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified value range, check the right and left rack end length.

Fig 4: Identifying Wheel Turning Angle

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION

Put the front wheel on the center of the alignment tester.
Remove the center ornament.
Install the camber-caster-steering axis inclination gauge at the center of the axle hub or drive shaft.

Inspect the camber, caster and steering axis inclination.

Camber, caster and steering axis inclination:

2WD:

CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION (2WD)

	USA, Canada	Mexico
Camber	-0°34' +/- 45'	-0° 24' +/- 45'
Camber	(-0.57° +/- 0.75°)	(-0.40° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less	45' (0.75°) or less
Caster	2° 47' +/- 45'	2° 40' +/- 45'
Caster	(2.78° +/- 0.75°)	(2.67° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less	45' (0.75°) or less
Steering axis inclination	12° 28' +/- 45'	12° 05' +/- 45'
Steering axis inclination	(12.47° +/- 0.75°)	(12.08° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less	45' (0.75°) or less

4WD:

CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION (4WD)

Camber	-0° 29' +/- 45' (-0.48° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less
Caster	2° 46' +/- 45' (2.77° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less
Steering axis inclination	12° 13' +/- 45' (12.22° +/- 0.75°)
Right-left error	45' (0.75°) or less

Fig 5: Putting Front Wheel On Center Of Alignment Tester

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

NOTE:

Inspect while the vehicle is empty (without the spare tire or tools onboard).
The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 45' or less.

Remove the camber-caster-steering axis inclination gauge and attachment.
Install the center ornament.

If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the specified values, after the camber has been correctly adjusted, recheck the suspension parts for damage and/or worn-out parts.

ADJUST CAMBER

NOTE: Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.

Remove the front wheel.
Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the shock absorber.
Clean the installation surface of the shock absorber and the steering knuckle.
Temporarily install the 2 nuts.

Fig 6: Removing Nuts From Lower Side Of Shock Absorber
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment.
Tighten the nuts.
Torque: 220 N.m (2,243 kgf.cm, 162 ft.lbf)

NOTE: Keep the bolts from rotating and torque the nuts.
Install the front wheel.
Torque: 103 N.m (1,050 kgf.cm, 76 ft.lbf)

Check the camber.

If the measured value is not within the specified range, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

(Camber adjustment amount) = Center of the specified range - Measured value

Fig 7: [Identifying Nuts For Tightening]

Check installed bolts combination. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to within the specified range.

AXLE MOVEMENT DIRECTION

Move the axle toward (+) in step (e)	Refer to Fig 9 (Move the axle toward positive side)
Move the axle toward (-) in step (e)	Refer to Fig 12 (Move the axle toward negative side)

Fig 8: Tightening Nuts

Fig 9: Bolts Adjusting Value Chart (Move Axle Toward Positive Side)

Fig 10: Selected Bolt Combination Chart

The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.

Repeat the steps mentioned above. At step (b), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

Fig 11: Identifying Bolts Dimension
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Fig 12: Bolts Adjusting Value Chart (Move Axle Toward Negative Side)
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

Fig 13: Selected Bolt Combination Chart
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.

NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
Repeat the steps mentioned above. At step (b), replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

Fig 14: Identifying Bolts Dimension
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002