Front Wheel Alignment: Adjustment

INSPECT TIRES
(See INSPECTION )

MEASURE VEHICLE HEIGHT

Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect vehicle height.

Camber: 2WD (USA, Canada)

Fig 1: Measuring Vehicle Height

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION

Front (A-B)	Rear (D-C)
89 mm (3.50 in.)	41 mm (1.61 in.)

2WD (Mexico)

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION 2WD (MEXICO)

Front (A-B)	Rear (D-C)
74 mm (2.91 in.)	30 mm (1.18 in.)

4WD

VEHICLE HEIGHT SPECIFICATION 4WD

Front (A-B)	Rear (D-C)
83 mm (3.27 in.)	38 mm (1.50 in.)

Measuring points:

A: Ground clearance of front wheel center

B: Ground clearance of lower suspension arm No. 1 bush front bolt center

C: GO TO NEXT STEP

(2WD): Ground clearance of axle beam set bolt center

(4WD): Ground clearance of rear lower suspension arm rear bolt center

D: Ground clearance of rear wheel center

NOTE: Before inspecting the wheel alignment, adjust the vehicle height to the specified value.

HINT:

Bounce the vehicle at the corners up and down to stabilize the suspension and inspect the vehicle height.

INSPECT TOE-IN

Measure the distance between the tread center marks on the front side of the wheels.

Toe-in

TOE-IN REFERENCE

Toe-in-(total)
A+B: 0° +- 12' (0° +- 0.2°)
C-D: 0 +- 2 mm (0 +- 0.08 in.)

HINT:

Measure "C - D" only when "A + B" can not be measured.
If the toe-in is not within the specified value, adjust it at the rack ends.

Fig 2: Measuring Distance Between Tread Center Marks On Front Side Of Wheels
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

ADJUST TOE-IN
1. Measure the thread lengths of the right and left rack ends.
  Standard: Difference in thread length of 1.5 mm or less
2. Remove the rack boot set clips.
3. Loosen the tie rod end lock nuts.
4. Adjust the rack ends if the difference in thread length between the right and left rack ends is not within the specified range.
  1. Extend the shorter rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the outer-side.
  2. Shorten the longer rack end if the measured toe-in deviates toward the inner-side.
5. Turn the right and left rack ends by an equal amount to adjust toe-in.
  HINT:
  
  Try to adjust toe-in to the center of the specified range.
6. Make sure that the lengths of the right and left rack ends are the same.
  Standard: 0 +- 1 mm
7. Torque the tie rod end lock nuts.
  Torque: 74 N*m (749 kgf*cm, 54 ft.*lbf)
  
  NOTE: Temporarily tighten the lock nut while holding the hexagonal part of the steering rack end so that the lock nut and the steering rack end do not turn together. Hold the width across flat of the tie rod end and tighten the lock nut.
8. Place the boots on the seats and install the clips.
  HINT:
  
  Make sure that the boots are not twisted.
9. Perform VSC system CALIBRATION .
  
  Fig 3: Measuring Thread Lengths Of Right And Left Rack Ends
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSPECT WHEEL ANGLE

Turn the steering wheel fully left and right and measure the turning angle.

Wheel turning angle: 2WD (USA, Canada)

Fig 4: Inspecting Wheel Angle

Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002

INSIDE WHEEL REFERENCE

Inside wheel	Outside wheel (Reference)
36°40' +- 2° (36.67°+-2°)	31°53' (31.88°)

2WD (Mexico)

INSIDE WHEEL REFERENCE 2WD (MEXICO)

Inside wheel	Outside wheel (Reference)
36°55' +- 2° (36.92° +- 2°)	32°11' (32.18°)

4WD

INSIDE WHEEL REFERENCE 4WD

Inside wheel	Outside wheel: (Reference)
37°03 ' +- 2°(37.05° +- 2°)	32°02' (32.03°)

If the right and left inside wheel angles differ from the specified range, check the lengths of the right and left rack ends.

INSPECT CAMBER, CASTER AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION

Place a front wheel on the center of the turning radius gauge.
Remove the center ornament.
Install the camber-caster-kingpin gauge at the center of the axle hub or drive shaft.

Inspect the camber, caster, and steering axis inclination.

Fig 5: Installing Camber-Caster-Kingpin Gauge At Center Of Axle Hub Or Drive Shaft

Camber, caster, and steering axis inclination: 2WD (USA, Canada)

CAMBER, CASTER, AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION REFERENCE

Camber angle	Caster angle	Steering axis inclination angle
-0°34' +- 45' (-0.57° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less	2°47' +- 45' (2.78° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less	12°28' +- 45' (12.47° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less

2WD (Mexico)

CAMBER, CASTER, AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION REFERENCE 2WD (MEXICO)

Camber angle	Caster angle	Steering axis inclination angle
-0°24' +- 45' (-0.40° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less	2°40' +- 45' (2.67° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less	12°05' +- 45' (12.08° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less

4WD

CAMBER, CASTER, AND STEERING AXIS INCLINATION REFERENCE 4WD

Camber	Caster	Steering axis inclination
-0°29' +- 45' (-0.48 ° +- 0.75 °) 45' (0.75°) or less	2°46' +- 45' (2.77° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less	12°13 '+- 45' (12.22° +- 0.75°) 45' (0.75°) or less

NOTE:

Inspect while the vehicle is empty.
The maximum tolerance of right and left difference for the camber and caster is 30' (0.5°) or less.

Remove the camber-caster-kingpin gauge.
Install the center ornament.
If the caster and steering axis inclination are not within the specified values after the camber has been correctly adjusted, recheck the suspension parts for damaged and/or worn out parts.

ADJUST CAMBER

NOTE: Inspect toe-in after the camber has been adjusted.

Remove the front wheel.
Remove the 2 nuts on the lower side of the shock absorber.
Clean the installation surface of the shock absorber and the steering knuckle.
Temporarily install the 2 nuts.

Fig 6: Removing Nuts On Lower Side Of Shock Absorber
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Fully push or pull the front axle hub in the direction of the required adjustment.
Tighten the nuts.
Torque: 220 N*m (2,243 kgf*cm, 162 ft.*lbf)

NOTE: Keep the bolts from rotating and torque the nuts.

Fig 7: Pulling Front Axle Hub
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Install the front wheel.
Torque: 103 N*m (1,050 kgf*cm, 76 ft.*lbf)
Check the camber.
If the measured value is not within the specified range, calculate the required adjustment amount using the formula below.

(Camber adjustment amount) = Center of the specified range - Measured value

Check installed bolts combination. Select appropriate bolts from the table below to adjust the camber to within the specified range.

AXLE REFERENCE

Move the axle toward (+)	Refer to table (1) (Move the axle toward positive side)
Move the axle toward (-)	Refer to table (2) (Move the axle toward negative side)

Fig 8: Checking Installed Bolts Combination

Check the table (1) (Move the axle toward positive side) below.

Fig 9: Bolt Adjusting Value Specification Chart
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.
NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
Repeat the steps mentioned above. Replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

Fig 10: Identifying Bolt Diameter Specification
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
Check the table (2) (Move the axle toward negative side) below.

Fig 11: Bolt Adjusting Value Specification Chart
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
The body and suspension may be damaged if the camber is not correctly adjusted according to the above table.
NOTE: Replace the nut with a new one when replacing the bolt.
Repeat the steps mentioned above. Replace 1 or 2 selected bolts.
HINT:

Replace one bolt at a time when replacing 2 bolts.

Fig 12: Identifying Bolt Diameter Specification
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002