Terminals Of ECM
- CHECK ECM
- Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
HINT:
The standard normal voltage between each pair of ECM terminals is shown in the table below. The appropriate conditions for checking each pair of terminals are also indicated. The result of checks should be compared with the standard normal voltage for that pair of terminals, displayed in the Specified Condition column. The illustration above can be used as a reference to identify the ECM terminal locations.
CONNECTOR TERMINAL WIRING COLOR REFERENCETerminal No. (Symbol) Wiring Color Terminal Description Condition Specified Condition A38-1 (BATT) - C53-81 (E1) L - W-B Battery (measuring battery voltage and for ECM memory) Always 11 to 14 V C53-41 (+BM) - C53-81 (E1) P - W-B Power source of throttle actuator Always 11 to 14 V A38-28 (IGSW) - C53-81 (E1) B - W-B Engine switch Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-3 (+B) - C53-81 (E1) B - W-B Power source of ECM Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-2 (+B2) - C53-81 (E1) B - W-B Power source of ECM Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-58 (OC1+) - C53-57 (OC1-) B - B-L Camshaft oil control valve (OCV) (Intake Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (See b waveform 1) C53-52 (OC2+) - C53-51 (OC2-) L-B - R-B Camshaft oil control valve (OCV) (Intake Side of Bank 2) Idling Pulse generation (See b waveform 1) C53-56 (OE1+) - C53-55 (OE1-) L-W - L-B Camshaft oil control valve (OCV) (Exhaust Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (See b waveform 1) C53-50 (OE2+) - C53-49 (OE2-) L-R - L-B Camshaft oil control valve (OCV) (Exhaust Side of Bank 2) Idling Pulse generation (See b waveform 1) A38-34 (MREL) - C53-81 (E1) W-R - W-B EFI relay Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-74 (VG) - C53-75 (E2G) L - Y-G-W Mass air flow meter Idling, Shift lever in P or N, A/C switch off 0.5 to 3.0 V C53-73 (THA) - C53-97 (ETHW) Y-B - BR Intake air temperature sensor Idling, Intake air temperature 20°C (68°F) 0.5 to 3.4 V C53-76 (THW) - C53-98 (ETHA) G-B - BR Engine coolant temperature sensor Idling, Engine coolant temperature 80°C (176°F) 0.2 to 1.0 V C53-80 (VCTA) - C53-79 (ETA) Y-L Power source of throttle position sensor (specific voltage) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V C53-78 (VTA1) - C53-79 (ETA) R - Y-L Throttle position sensor (engine control) Engine switch on (IG), Throttle valve fully closed 0.5 to 1.2 V Engine switch on (IG), Throttle valve fully open 3.2 to 4.8 V C53-77 (VTA2) - C53-79 (ETA) Y - B-L Throttle position sensor (sensor malfunction detection) Engine switch on (IG), Throttle valve fully closed 2.1 to 3.1 V Engine switch on (IG), Throttle valve fully open 4.5 to 5.5 V A38-55 (VPA) - A38-58 (EPA) R-W-L Accelerator pedal position sensor (engine control) Engine switch on (IG), Accelerator pedal released 0.5 to 1.1 V Engine switch on (IG), Accelerator pedal fully depressed 2.6 to 4.5 V A38-56 (VPA2) - A38-60 (EPA2) GR-G - BR Accelerator pedal position sensor (sensor malfunctioning detection) Engine switch on (IG), Accelerator pedal released 1.2 to 2.0 V Engine switch on (IG), Accelerator pedal fully depressed 3.4 to 5.3 V A38-57 (VCPA) - A38-58 (EPA) L-W - W-L Power source of accelerator pedal position sensor (VPA) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V A38-59 (VCP2) - A38-60 (EPA2) V-BR Power source of accelerator pedal position sensor (VPA2) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V C53-22 (HA1A) - C53-23 (E04) L - W-B A/F sensor heater Idling Below 3.1 V Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-20 (HA2A) - C53-21 (E05) G - W-B A/F sensor heater Idling Below 3.1 V Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-126 (A1A+) - C53-81 (E1) G - W-B A/F sensor Engine switch on (IG) 3.3 V* C53-125 (A1A-) - C53-81 (E1) R - W-B A/F sensor Engine switch on (IG) 2.9 V* C53-103 (A2A+) - C53-81 (E1) P - W-B A/F sensor Engine switch on (IG) 3.3 V* C53-102 (A2A-) - C53-81 (E1) L - W-B A/F sensor Engine switch on (IG) 2.9 V* C53-45 (HT1B) - C53-46 (E03) G-B - W-B Heated oxygen sensor heater Idling Below 3.1 V Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-44 (HT2B) - C53-46 (E03) B - W-B Heated oxygen sensor heater Idling Below 3.1 V Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-114 (OX1B) - C53-115 (EX1B) G-L Heated oxygen sensor Engine speed maintained at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor Pulse generation (See c waveform 2) C53-112 (OX2B) - C53-113 (EX2B) R-W Heated oxygen sensor Engine speed maintained at 2500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor Pulse generation (See c waveform 2) C53-86 (#10) - C53-43 (E01) R-L - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-109 (#20) - C53-43 (E01) L - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-85 (#30) - C53-43 (E01) R-B - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-108 (#40) - C53-43 (E01) Y - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-84 (#50) - C53-43 (E01) G - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-107 (#60) - C53-43 (E01) R - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-83 (#70) - C53-43 (E01) W - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-106 (#80) - C53-43 (E01) R-B - W-B Fuel injector Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (See d waveform 3) C53-94 (KNK1) - C53-93 (EKNK) R-G Knock sensor Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine Pulse generation (see e waveform 4) C53-117 (KNK2) - C53-116 (EKN2) W-B Knock sensor Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine Pulse generation (see e waveform 4) C53-96 (KNK3) - C53-95 (EKN3) W-B Knock sensor Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine Pulse generation (see e waveform 4) C53-119 (KNK4) - C53-118 (EKN4) R-G Knock sensor Engine speed maintained at 4000 rpm after warming up engine Pulse generation (see e waveform 4) C53-92 (W1+) - C53-91 (VV1-) R-Y Variable valve timing (WT) sensor (Intake Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (see f waveform 5) C53-87 (VV2+) - C53-88 (VV2-) R-Y Variable valve timing (VVT) sensor (Intake Side for Bank 2) Idling Pulse generation (see f waveform 5) C53-69 (EV1+) - C53-68 (EV1-) R-L-Y Variable valve timing (VVT) sensor (Exhaust Side of Bank 1) Idling Pulse generation (See q waveform 16) C53-64 (EV2+) - C53-65 (EV2-) R-L - Y Variable valve timing (VVT) sensor (Exhaust Side of Bank 2) Idling Pulse generation (See q waveform 16) C53-110 (NE+) - C53-111 (NE-) W-G-W Crankshaft position sensor Idling Pulse generation (see f waveform 5) C53-40 (IGT1) - C53-81 (E1) B-Y - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-33 (IGT2) - C53-81 (E1) L-B - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-37 (IGT3) - C53-81 (E1) B - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-34 (IGT4) - C53-81 (E1) L-B - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-35 (IGT5) - C53-81 (E1) G-R - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-36 (IGT6) - C53-81 (E1) G - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-38 (IGT7) - C53-81 (E1) G-W - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-39 (IGT8) - C53-81 (E1) G-B - W-B Ignition coil (ignition signal) Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-104 (IGF1) - C53-81 (E1) G-B - W-B Ignition coil (ignition confirmation signal) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-105 (IGF2) - C53-81 (E1) R - W-B Ignition coil (ignition confirmation signal) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V Idling Pulse generation (see g waveform 6) C53-63 (PRG) - C53-81 (E1) L-B - W-B Purge VSV Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V Idling Pulse generation (see h waveform 7) A38-13 (SPD) - C53-81 (E1) V-R - W-B Speed signal from combination meter Driving at 20 km/h (12 mph) Pulse generation (see i waveform 8) A38-46 (STA) - C53-81 (E1) R-B - W-B Starter signal Cranking 5.5 V or more C53-120 (NSW) - C53-81 (E1) L - W-B Park/neutral position switch Engine switch on (IG), Shift lever in other than P and N 11 to 14 V Engine switch on (IG), Shift lever in P or N Below 3.1 V A38-36 (STP) - C53-81 (E1) R - W-B Stop light switch Brake pedal depressed 7.5 to 14 V Brake pedal released Below 1.5 V A38-35 (ST1-) - C53-81 (E1) R-W - W-B Stop light switch (opposite to STP terminal) Engine switch on (IG), Brake pedal depressed Below 1.5 V Engine switch on (IG), Brake pedal released 7.5 to 14 V C53-19 (M+) - C53-82 (ME01) R - W-B Throttle actuator Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (see j waveform 9) C53-18 (M-) - C53-82 (ME01) G - W-B Throttle actuator Idling with warm engine Pulse generation (See k waveform 10) A38-48 (FC) - C53-81 (E1) L-R - W-B Fuel pump control Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-52 (FPC) - C53-81 (E1) W - W-B Fuel pump control Engine switch on (IG) Below 1.5 V A38-24 (VV) - C53-81 (E1) R-Y - W-B MIL Engine switch on (IG) Below 3.1 V Idling 11 to 14 V A38-16 (TC) - C53-81 (E1) V-W - W-B Terminal TC of DLC3 Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-15 (TACH) - C53-81 (E1) W-G - W-B Engine speed Idling Pulse generation (See l waveform 11) A38-30 (VPMP) - C53-81 (E1) B-L - W-B Vent valve (built into canister pump module) Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-49 (MPMP) - C53-81 (E1) G-O - W-B Leak detection pump (built into canister pump module) Leak detection pump OFF Below 3.1 V Leak detection pump ON 11 to 14 V C53-67 (VCV1) - C53-97 (ETHW) L-BR Power source for sensor (specific voltage) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V C53-66 (VCV2) - C53-97 (ETHW) L-BR Power source for sensor (specific voltage) Engine switch on (IG) 4.5 to 5.5 V C53-121 (PPMP) - C53-97 (ETHW) P-BR Canister pressure sensor (built into canister pump module) Engine switch on (IG) 3.3 to 4.0 V C53-32 (ALT) - C53-81 (E1) R - W-B Generator Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V A38-10 (CANH) - C53-81 (E1) P - W-B CAN communication line Engine switch on (IG) Pulse generation (See m waveform 12) A38-11 (CANL) - C53-81 (E1) B - W-B CAN communication line Engine switch on (IG) Pulse generation (See n waveform 13) C53-62 (ACIS) - C53-81 (E1) L-Y - W-B VSV for ACIS (Acoustic Control Induction System) operation signal Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-28 (AIRV) - C53-81 (E1) BR - W-B Air switching valve for secondary air injection system Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-54 (AIRP) - C53-81 (E1) P - W-B Air pump control Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-30 (AIDI) - C53-81 (E1) G - W-B Diagnostic information signal for air injection system Air injection system operates Pulse generation (See p waveform 15) A38-54 (AIP) - C53-98 (ETHA) P-L - BR Secondary air injection system pressure signal Engine switch on (IG) 3.0 to 3.6 V A38-43 (ARV2) - C53-81 (E1) R-L - W-B Air switching valve for secondary air injection system Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-53 (ARP2) - C53-81 (E1) P-L - W-B Air pump control Engine switch on (IG) 11 to 14 V C53-29 (AID2) - C53-81 (E1) G-Y - W-B Diagnostic information signal for air injection system Air injection system operates Pulse generation (See p waveform 15) A38-53 (AIP2) - C53-97 (ETHW) LG-B - BR Secondary air injection system pressure signal Engine switch on (IG) 3.0 to 3.6 V C53-90 (G2) - C53- 89 (G2-) G-Y Camshaft position sensor Idling Pulse generation (See o waveform 14) A38-18 (DI) - C53-81 (E1) G-Y - W-B Fuel pump control Engine switch on (IG) 0 to 3.0 V A38-14 (STSW) - C53-81 (E1) R - W-B Starter switch Shift lever in P or N, Cranking 6.0 V or more A38-41 (ACCR) - C53-81 (E1) L-Y - W-B ACC relay control signal Engine switch on (IG) → Cranking 11 to 14 V → Below 1 V C53-16 (STAR) - C53-81 (E1) L - W-B Starter relay control Engine switch on (IG) Below 1.5 V Cranking 5.5 V or higher C53-72 (PSP) - C53-81 (E1) G - W-B Power steering oil pressure sensor Engine switch on (IG) 0.5 to 4.5 V HINT:
*: The ECM terminal voltage is constant regardless of the output voltage from the sensor. - WAVEFORM 1:
Camshaft Oil Control Valve (OCV)
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 1Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-58 (OC1+) - C53-57 (OC1-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling C53-52 (OC2+) - C53-51 (OC2-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec/DIV. Idling C53-56 (OE1+) - C53-55 (OE1-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling C53-50 (OE2+) - C53-49 (OE2-) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec/DIV. Idling - WAVEFORM 2:
Heated Oxygen Sensor
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 2Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-114 (OX1B) - C53-115 (EX1B) 0.2 V/DIV., 200 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 2,500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor C53-112 (OX2B) - C53-113 (EX2B) 0.2 V/DIV., 200 msec./ DIV. Engine speed maintained at 2,500 rpm for 2 minutes after warming up sensor HINT:
In the Data List, item O2S B1 S2 or O2S B2 S2 shows the ECM input values from the heated oxygen sensor.
- WAVEFORM 3:
Injector No. 1 (to No. 8) Injection Signal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 3Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-86 (#10) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-109 (#20) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-85 (#30) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-108 (#40) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-84 (#50) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-107 (#60) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-83 (#70) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling C53-106 (#80) - C53-43 (E01) 20 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 4:
Knock Sensor
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 4Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-94 (KNK1) - C53-93 (EKNK) 1 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 4,000 rpm after warming up engine C53-117 (KNK2) - C53-116 (EKN2) 1 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 4,000 rpm after warming up engine C53-96 (KNK3) - C53-95 (EKN3) 1 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 4,000 rpm after warming up engine C53-119 (KNK4) - C53-118 (EKN4) 1 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Engine speed maintained at 4,000 rpm after warming up engine HINT:
- The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases.
- The waveforms and amplitudes displayed differ slightly depending on the vehicle.
- WAVEFORM 5:
Crankshaft Position Sensor and VVT Sensor for Intake Side
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 5Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition (a) C53-110 (NE+) - C53-111 (NE-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up (b) C53-92 (VV1+) - C53-91 (VV1-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up (C) C53-87 (VV2+) - C53-88 (VV2-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as engine speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 6:
Igniter IGT Signal (from ECM to Igniter) and Igniter IGF Signal (from Igniter to ECM)
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 6Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition (a) C53-40 (IGT1) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-33 (IGT2) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-37 (IGT3) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-34 (IGT4) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-35 (IGT5) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-36 (IGT6) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-38 (IGT7) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (a) C53-39 (IGT8) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (b)C53-104 (IGF1) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling (b)C53-105 (IGF2) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idling HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as engine speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 7:
Purge VSV
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 7Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-63 (PRG) - C53-81 (E1) 10 V/DIV., 10 to 100 msec./DIV. Idling HINT:
If the waveform is not similar to the illustration, check the waveform again after idling for 10 minutes or more.
- WAVEFORM 8:
Vehicle Speed Signal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 8Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A38-13 (SPD) - C53-81 (E1) 2 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Driving at 20 km/h (12 mph) HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as the vehicle speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 9:
Throttle Actuator Positive Terminal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 9Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-19 (M+) - C53-82 (ME01) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling with warm engine HINT:
The duty ratio varies depending on the throttle actuator operation.
- WAVEFORM 10:
Throttle Actuator Negative Terminal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 10Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-18 (M-) - C53-82 (ME01) 5 V/DIV., 1 msec./DIV. Idling with warm engine HINT:
The duty ratio varies depending on the throttle actuator operation.
- WAVEFORM 11:
Engine Speed Signal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 11Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A38-15 (TACH) - C53-81 (E1) 5 V/DIV., 10 msec./DIV. Idling HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 12:
CAN Communication Signal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 12Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A38-10 (CANH) - C53-81 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec./DIV. Engine stops and engine switch on (IG) HINT:
The waveform varies depending on the CAN communication signal.
- WAVEFORM 13:
CAN Communication Signal
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 13Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition A38-11 (CANL) - C53-81 (E1) 1 V/DIV., 10 μsec/DIV. Engine stops and engine switch on (IG) HINT:
The waveform varies depending on the CAN communication signal.
- WAVEFORM 14:
Crankshaft Position Sensor and Camshaft Position Sensor
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 14Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition CH1: C53-110 (NE+) - C53-111 (NE-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up CH2: C53-90 (G2) - C53-89 (G2-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as the engine speed increases.
- WAVEFORM 15:
Terminal PI of Air Injection Control Driver
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 15Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition C53-30 (AIDI) - C53-81 (E1) 5 V/DIV., 20 to 40 msec./DIV. Performing system check using Techstream (air injection check) C53-29 (AID2) - C53-81 (E1) 5 V/DIV., 20 to 40 msec./ DIV. Performing system check using Techstream (air injection check) HINT:
The wavelength changes when the air injection control driver detects malfunctions in the air injection system (See DTC P0412 SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM SWITCHING VALVE "A" CIRCUIT; DTC P0415 SECONDARY AIR INJECTION SYSTEM SWITCHING VALVE "B" CIRCUIT ).
- WAVEFORM 16:
Crankshaft Position Sensor and VVT Sensor for Exhaust Side
WAVEFORM REFERENCE 16Terminal No. (Symbol) Tool Setting Condition (a) C53-110 (NE+) - C53-111 (NE-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up (b) C53-69 (EV1+) - C53-68 (EV1-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up (c) C53-64 (EV2+) - C53-65 (EV2-) 5 V/DIV., 20 msec./DIV. Idle after engine warmed up HINT:
The wavelength becomes shorter as engine speed increases.
- Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.