Repair and Diagnosis

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• Quick Lookups
  • Fluids
  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams 12 V Sockets
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams A/C System ,(KH4),(KH7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Access And Start Authorization ,(4I6),(4I7),(4I8),(4K5),(4K6),(4K7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Adaptive Cruise Control , (8T3),(8T8)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Airbag Systems , (4UM),(NI0)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Airbag Systems , (4UM),(NI1),(NI9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ambient Lighting , (UD1),(UD2),(UD3),(UD6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Assistance Systems , (7Y1)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Auxiliary Air Heater (PTC) , (7E7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Brake System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Cell Phone System , (9IJ),(9ZV)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Communication ,(NZ2),(NZ4)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Communication Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Convenience Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Data Bus On Board Diagnostic Interface And Diagnostic Link Connector (DLC)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Assistance Systems Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Assistance Systems Front Camera
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Door Control Modules , (L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Information System Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Front Axle , EBRA,ECUA,EDDA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Rear Axle , EDDA,EDFA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Rear Axle ,EBJA,EBJC,EBNA,EBRA,ECUA,EDCA,EDCC
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System, Engine/Motor Control Module ,EBJA,EBJC,EBNA,EBRA,ECUA,EDCA,EDCC,EDDA,EDFA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Engine Sound Generator
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams ETHERNET Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Front Passenger Door Control Modules , (L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Fuse Assignment, Engine/Motor Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Fuse Assignment, Passenger Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Engine/Motor Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Luggage Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Underbody
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Vehicle Interior
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Headlamp , (8IR),(8IV)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery Charging , (Es6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9C)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D),(J9Z),(Kb9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D),(Kb9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Heater (PTC) For High-Voltage Battery System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage System Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage System Pilot Line
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Hood Contact Switch
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Horn
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Infotainment Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Instrument Cluster
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Interior Lighting
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Interior Rearview Mirror , (4L6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Lid Release - Rear
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Light Switch
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams MULTIFUNCTION Steering Wheel
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Multimedia System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Parking Distance Control , (7X2),(8A2)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Peripheral Camera , (KA6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Power Rear Lid , (5I6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Power Steering, Electromechanical
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Powertrain Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Radiator Fan
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Rear Window Defogger
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Rearview Camera (Rear Assist) , (KA2)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Roof Shade , (3FG)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment , (1R3),(3PR),(8I6),(L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment , (3PT)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment ,(3PR),(4D3),(4D7),(8I6),(L0L),(NI1),(NI9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment ,(L0L),(NI1),(NI9),(3PR),(8I6),(4D3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Heating , (4A3),(4A4)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Sound System , (9VG),(9VH)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Steering Column Electronic Systems
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Suspension Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Tail Lamps , (8VG)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M0)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M3) Vehicles With UNECE Cyber Security
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Trailer Mode , (1D6),(#D3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams USB Charging Socket , (U9E)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Windshield Defogger , (4GW)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Windshield Projection Head Up Display , (KS3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Wiper And Washer System, Windshield
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring
    • Wiring General Information
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Front Doors, Central Locking System
    • Interior Lights, Switches
  • Collision/Avoidance
    • Driver Assistance Systems
  • Communication Devices
    • General, Technical Data (Communication)
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control (General Information)
  • Drivers Assistance Systems - ADAS
    • Driver Assistance Systems
    • General, Technical Data (Driver Assistance Systems)
  • Entertainment Systems
    • Communication
  • Exterior Lights, Switches
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Instruments
    • Interior Equipment
  • Infotainment
    • Communication
  • Interior/Exterior Trim
    • Exterior Equipment
    • General, Technical Data (Body Exterior)
    • Interior Equipment
    • Interior Trim
  • Mirrors
    • Exterior Equipment
    • Interior Equipment
  • Seats
    • General, Technical Data (Body Interior)
    • Seat Frames
    • Seat Upholstery, Covers
  • Warning Systems
    • Driver Assistance Systems
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Front Doors, Central Locking System
    • Glass, Window Regulators
    • Rear Doors
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Wiper/Washer Systems - General Information
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Front Doors, Central Locking System
    • Interior Lights, Switches
  • Exterior Body Panels
    • Body Center, Chassis, Roof
    • Body Front (Body Exterior)
    • Body Front (Body Repair)
    • Body General Information
    • Body Rear
    • Bumpers
    • Exterior Equipment
    • Front Doors, Central Locking System
    • General, Technical Data (Body Exterior)
    • General, Technical Data (Body Repair)
    • General, Technical Data (General Information - Paint)
    • General, Technical Data (General, Technical Data - Paint)
    • Hood, Lids
    • Rear Doors
  • Exterior/Interior Trim
    • Exterior Equipment
    • General, Technical Data (Body Exterior)
    • Interior Equipment
    • Interior Trim
  • Mirrors
    • Exterior Equipment
    • Interior Equipment
  • Seats
    • General, Technical Data (Body Interior)
    • Seat Frames
    • Seat Upholstery, Covers
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Sunroof
  • Windows
    • Front Doors, Central Locking System
    • Glass, Window Regulators
    • Rear Doors
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Antilock Brake System
  • Brakes Control Systems
    • General, Technical Data (Brake System)
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Brake System - Hydraulic Components
    • Brake System - Mechanical Components
  • Parking Brake System
    • Brake System - Mechanical Components
  • Traction Control
    • Antilock Brake System
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts
    • Final Drive, Differential (1-Speed Front Transmission)
    • Final Drive, Differential (1-Speed Rear Transmission)
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Final Drive, Differential (1-Speed Front Transmission)
    • Final Drive, Differential (1-Speed Rear Transmission)
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • Wiring
    • Wiring General Information
  • Charging Systems
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control (General Information)
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Wiring
    • Wiring General Information
  • Gauges
    • Instruments
    • Interior Equipment
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • Wiring
    • Wiring General Information
  • Starter
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control (General Information)
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams 12 V Sockets
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams A/C System ,(KH4),(KH7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Access And Start Authorization ,(4I6),(4I7),(4I8),(4K5),(4K6),(4K7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Adaptive Cruise Control , (8T3),(8T8)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Airbag Systems , (4UM),(NI0)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Airbag Systems , (4UM),(NI1),(NI9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ambient Lighting , (UD1),(UD2),(UD3),(UD6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Assistance Systems , (7Y1)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Auxiliary Air Heater (PTC) , (7E7)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Brake System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Cell Phone System , (9IJ),(9ZV)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Communication ,(NZ2),(NZ4)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Communication Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Convenience Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Data Bus On Board Diagnostic Interface And Diagnostic Link Connector (DLC)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Assistance Systems Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Assistance Systems Front Camera
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Door Control Modules , (L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Driver Information System Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Front Axle , EBRA,ECUA,EDDA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Rear Axle , EDDA,EDFA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System For Rear Axle ,EBJA,EBJC,EBNA,EBRA,ECUA,EDCA,EDCC
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Electric Drive System, Engine/Motor Control Module ,EBJA,EBJC,EBNA,EBRA,ECUA,EDCA,EDCC,EDDA,EDFA
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Engine Sound Generator
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams ETHERNET Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Front Passenger Door Control Modules , (L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Fuse Assignment, Engine/Motor Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Fuse Assignment, Passenger Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Engine/Motor Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Luggage Compartment
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Underbody
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Ground Concept In Vehicle Interior
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Headlamp , (8IR),(8IV)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery Charging , (Es6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9C)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D),(J9Z),(Kb9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Battery System , (J9D),(Kb9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage Heater (PTC) For High-Voltage Battery System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage System Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams High-Voltage System Pilot Line
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Hood Contact Switch
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Horn
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Infotainment Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Instrument Cluster
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Interior Lighting
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Interior Rearview Mirror , (4L6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Lid Release - Rear
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Light Switch
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams MULTIFUNCTION Steering Wheel
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Multimedia System
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Parking Distance Control , (7X2),(8A2)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Peripheral Camera , (KA6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Power Rear Lid , (5I6)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Power Steering, Electromechanical
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Powertrain Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Radiator Fan
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Rear Window Defogger
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Rearview Camera (Rear Assist) , (KA2)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Roof Shade , (3FG)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment , (1R3),(3PR),(8I6),(L0L)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment , (3PT)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment ,(3PR),(4D3),(4D7),(8I6),(L0L),(NI1),(NI9)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Adjustment ,(L0L),(NI1),(NI9),(3PR),(8I6),(4D3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Seat Heating , (4A3),(4A4)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Sound System , (9VG),(9VH)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Steering Column Electronic Systems
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Suspension Can Bus Network Data Bus
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Tail Lamps , (8VG)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M0)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Thermal Management , (9M3) Vehicles With UNECE Cyber Security
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Trailer Mode , (1D6),(#D3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams USB Charging Socket , (U9E)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Windshield Defogger , (4GW)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Windshield Projection Head Up Display , (KS3)
    • OEM Wiring Diagrams Wiper And Washer System, Windshield
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring
    • Wiring General Information
• Engine Mechanical
  • Cooling Fan
    • Cooling System
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System
    • Engine
    • General, Technical Data Guide For Locating Water Leaks
  • Exhaust
    • Engine
    • General, Technical Data (Guide For Locating Water Leaks)
    • General, Technical Data (Safety Precautions And Repair Information)
  • Fuel System
    • Engine
  • Lubrication System
    • Engine
  • Mechanical
    • Engine
    • General, Technical Data (Guide For Locating Water Leaks)
    • General, Technical Data (Safety Precautions And Repair Information)
    • General, Technical Data Guide For Locating Water Leaks
  • Starter
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control
    • Battery, Starter, Generator, Cruise Control (General Information)
• Engine Performance
  • Emissions
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
  • Fuel Delivery
    • Engine
  • Ignition System
    • Engine
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine
  • Tune-Up
    • Engine
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
    • Map - Brake Systems
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
    • General, Technical Data (Noise Detection And Diagnosis Guide)
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
    • Metric Conversions
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • General, Technical Data (Heating, Ventilation And Air CONDTIONING)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R134A/R1234YF General Information)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R744 - General Information)
  • General Servicing
    • General, Technical Data (Heating, Ventilation And Air CONDTIONING)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R134A/R1234YF General Information)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R744 - General Information)
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Air Conditioning (Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning - Safety Precautions & Repair Information)
    • Air Conditioning (Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning)
    • Air Conditioning (Refrigerant R134A/R1234YF General Information)
    • Air Conditioning (Refrigerant R744 - General Information)
    • General, Technical Data (Heating, Ventilation And Air CONDTIONING)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R134A/R1234YF General Information)
    • General, Technical Data (Refrigerant R744 - General Information)
• Hybrid/Electric Powertrain
  • Battery Management Systems
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Battery Unit, 82 KWH - High-Voltage Cables, RWD)
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Components, High-Voltage Battery Charger And Voltage Converter)
    • Engine
    • General, Technical Data (Body Repair)
    • General, Technical Data (Brake System)
    • General, Technical Data (Driver Assistance Systems)
    • General, Technical Data (Electric Drive Eq310, Eq150, Eq550)
    • General, Technical Data (Guide For Locating Water Leaks)
    • General, Technical Data (Safety Precautions And Repair Information)
    • General, Technical Data Guide For Locating Water Leaks
  • Electric Converters and Controllers
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Battery Unit, 82 KWH - High-Voltage Cables, RWD)
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Components, High-Voltage Battery Charger And Voltage Converter)
  • Electric Motor Systems
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Battery Unit, 82 KWH - High-Voltage Cables, RWD)
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Components, High-Voltage Battery Charger And Voltage Converter)
    • Motor Assembly
  • Testing and Diagnosis
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Battery Unit, 82 KWH - High-Voltage Cables, RWD)
    • Electric Drive (High-Voltage Components, High-Voltage Battery Charger And Voltage Converter)
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • General, Technical Data (Body Interior)
    • Passenger Protection, Airbags, Seat Belts
  • Passive Restraints
    • Passenger Protection, Airbags, Seat Belts
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • General, Technical Data (Body Interior)
  • Seat Belts
    • General, Technical Data (Body Interior)
• Steering
  • Steering Column
  • Steering Gear
  • Steering Linkage
• Suspension
  • Electronic Suspension
    • Self-Leveling Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension
    • General, Technical Data (Suspension, Wheels, Steering)
  • Rear Suspension
    • General, Technical Data (Suspension, Wheels, Steering)
    • Rear Suspension
  • Suspension Control Systems
    • General, Technical Data (Suspension, Wheels, Steering)
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Wheel And Tire Guide
    • Wheels, Tires, Wheel Alignment
  • Wheels & Tire System
    • General, Technical Data (Suspension, Wheels, Steering)
    • Wheels, Tires, Wheel Alignment
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • General, Technical Data (1-Speed Front Transmission)
    • General, Technical Data (1-Speed Rear Transmission)
  • Transmission Control Systems
    • Controls, Housing (1-Speed Front Transmission)
    • Controls, Housing (1-Speed Rear Transmission)
• External Pages