Coolant Temperature Sensor
The coolant temperature sensor is located in the cylinder head. This sensor provides the ECU with an engine temperature signal. If, for example, the sensor was to read high engine temperature with the cooling system operating properly, this would indicate combustion temperature that is too high.
The likely response of the control unit would be to richen the mixture to the point allowed by the oxygen sensor and air mass meter signals. This would lower combustion and engine temperature. This sensor also operates the temperature gauge.