Cooling System
The coolant pump pumps coolant through the cylinder block, and also cools the cylinder head, cylinder sleeves, spark plug wells, intake ducts and fuel injection nozzles.
The coolant flows in at the pump and passes through a number of channels before it collects and then flows out to the thermostat housing. If the thermostat housing is closed, the coolant passes via the by-pass channel directly to the coolant pump to then circulate through the cylinder block again.
In principle, the oil cooler looks the same for the engine as for transmission. An inlet for oil with outlet, also for the coolant. The oil cooler is built in layers where water and oil flow around each other. Due to the very small spaces in the oil coolers, there is a great pressure-drop. When the fuel is combusted in the car's engine, both mechanical work and excess energy are produced. The excess heat is lead away from the engine in the exhausts, through convection to the air in the engine compartment and through transferring to the coolant as well as via the engine oil. The cooling is a closed system.
Oil cooler
The radiator is made of aluminum to tolerate the thermal variances when the radiator is being both cooled by cool air and heated by hot coolant.
Thermostat
The thermostat is in the thermostat housing which is in the connection to the coolant outlet from the cylinder head. At the heart of the thermostat is a wax body which expands with energy in the form of heat. In modern cooling systems, the thermostat begins to expand when the surrounding coolant temperature is 90 °C.