12 13... Normal oscillogram (M, S, W engines only)

1. Start of ignition voltage peak
2. Level of ignition voltage
3. Level of combustion voltage
4. Period of combustion
5. Combustion curve characteristics
6. Start of decay process
7. Termination oscillations

Fig 1: Identifying Signal Waveform (2 Of 6)

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Secondary voltage patterns, beside one another:

Evaluation of ignition voltage peaks at idle speed (this example shows an engine with 4 cylinders).

The uniformity of all cylinders to each other is more important than the height of ignition voltage peaks. Differences of 3000... 4000 V are permitted.

Fig 2: Identifying Signal Waveform (3 Of 6)

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Evaluation of ignition voltage peaks at increased speed of approx. 2000 RPM (this example shows an engine with 4 cylinders).

Fig 3: Identifying Signal Waveform (4 Of 6)

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Secondary voltage diagrams, superimposed:

Evaluation of combustion characteristics curve and decay characteristics at idle speed (this example shows a 4-cylinder engine).

Fig 4: Identifying Signal Waveform (5 Of 6)

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Secondary voltage diagrams, consecutive:

The identified fault must be allocated to the relevant cylinder using the secondary voltage representation forms next to/on top of each other.

Fig 5: Identifying Signal Waveform (6 Of 6)

Courtesy of BMW OF NORTH AMERICA, INC.