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Home >> Land Rover >> 2002 >> Range Rover >> Repair and Diagnosis >> Engine Performance >> Theory and Operation >> Engine Controls - Theory & Operation >> Computerized Engine Controls >> Input Devices >> Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
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Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor

  1. Discovery & Range Rover

    CKP sensor is located below cylinder No. 7 on the left side of flywheel housing. CKP sensor uses different thicknesses of mounting spacers for manual and automatic transmissions. CKP sensor provides ECM with information indicating that engine is turning, engine speed and crankshaft position. ECM controls fuel injection and coil firing based on signal from CKP sensor. If the CKP sensor air gap is incorrect, the engine may misfire. Engine overspeed protection is set to 5000-5500 RPM and is based on CKP sensor signal. There is no default strategy for the CKP sensor. A failure will result in an engine no start/run condition, inoperative tachometer, and MIL will stay on. If CKP sensor is installed incorrectly engine will misfire, run rough or stall. If a CKP sensor fault occurs while the engine is running, the engine will stall, a fault code will be stored in ECM memory, and MIL will illuminate. If a CKP sensor fault develops while the engine is not running, the engine may not be capable of starting, no fault code will be available, however, the MIL will still illuminate. If CKP sensor input signal wire and ground wire are inadvertently reversed, the ECM will advance ignition timing 3 degrees.

  2. Freelander

    The CKP sensor provides the ECM with a digital signal of the rotational speed and angular position of the crankshaft. The ECM uses this signal for ignition timing, fuel injection timing and fuel injection quantity calculations. To determine the exact position of the crankshaft in the engine cycle, the ECM also uses input from the Camshaft Position (CMP) sensor. The CKP sensor is mounted on front of the gearbox housing, in line with the outer circumference of the torque converter. The CKP sensor sensing tip is adjacent to a reluctor ring formed in the periphery of the torque converter. The reluctor ring has 58 teeth spaced at 6 degree intervals. A gap equivalent to two missing teeth, 36 degrees After Top Dead Center (ATDC) of No. 1 cylinder, gives the ECM a reference point. The CKP sensor operates using the Hall effect principle. A permanent magnet inside the sensor applies a magnetic flux to a semiconductor, which receives a power supply from the main relay. The output voltage from the semiconductor is fed to the ECM. As the gaps between the poles of the reluctor ring pass the sensor tip the magnetic flux is interrupted, causing a fluctuation of output voltage, producing a digital signal. If the CKP sensor fails, ECM immediately stops engine operation.
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